Search results for "CELLULAR"

Influence of lactose-citrate co-metabolism on the differences of growth and energetics in Leuconostoc lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenter…

1999

International audience; The biodiversity of growth and energetics in Leuconostoc sp. has been studied in MRS lactose medium with and without citrate. On lactose alone, Ln. lactis has a growth rate double that of Ln. cremoris and Ln. mesenteroides. The pH is a more critical parameter for Ln. mesenteroides than for Ln. lactis or Ln. cremoris; without pH control Ln. mesenteroides is unable to acidify the medium under pH 4.5, while with pH control and as a consequence of a high Y(ATP) its growth is greater than Ln. lactis and Ln. cremoris. In general, lactose-citrate co-metabolism increases the growth rate, the biomass synthesis, the lactose utilisation ratio, and the production of lactate and …

The Role of the anti-amyloidogenic secretase ADAM10 in shedding the APP-like proteins.

2011

ADAM10 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10) has been demonstrated as an enzyme with protective properties in Alzheimer's disease: in mouse models it not only lowered generation of toxic A-beta peptides and formation of senile plaques but also alleviated learning deficits and enhanced synaptic density. This is due to cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) within its A-beta stretch and to the release of the extracellular domain of APP with neuroprotective function. Aside from cleaving APP, ADAM10 has been linked to over 40 putative substrates at least in cell culture. These substrates are connected with important cellular functions such as cell migration, stress response and tran…

Long-term response of osteogenic cells on micron and submicron-scale-structured hydrophilic titanium surfaces: sequence of cell proliferation and cel…

2010

Objective: Modifications of surface topography and surface chemistry are key factors for guiding target cells during dental implant healing. Recent in vitro studies confirmed promotion of early osteogenic cell differentiation on submicron scaled surfaces in particular when hydrophilized. However, no long-term observations on both osteogenic cell proliferation as well as on cell maturation have been reported for respectively modified surfaces. Aim of this study was to monitor osteogenic cell proliferation and expression of specific osteogenic cell differentiation markers on a protein level over an extended period of 3 weeks with respect to surface modifications. Material and methods: Modifie…

Submicron Scale-Structured Hydrophilic Titanium Surfaces Promote Early Osteogenic Gene Response for Cell Adhesion and Cell Differentiation

2011

cid_339 166..175 ABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Titanium (Ti) surface roughness and surface hydrophilicity are key factors to regulate osteogenic cell responses during dental implant healing. In detail, specific integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular environment trigger relevant osteogenic cell responses like differentiation and matrix synthesis via transcriptions factors. Aim of this study was to monitor surface-dependent osteogenic cell adhesion dynamics, proliferation, and specific osteo- genic cell differentiation over a period of 7 days. Materials and Methods: Ti disks were manufactured to present smooth pretreatment (PT) surfaces and rough sandblasted/ acid-etched (SL…

Cellular and Subcellular Localization of Peroxidase Isoenzymes in Plants and Cell Suspension Cultures from Lupinus polyphyllus

1989

Abstract , leaf protoplasts and cell suspension cultures of Lupinus polyphyllus and isolated vacuoles were studied for cellular and subcellular localization of peroxidase isoenzymes. Isoelectric focusing revealed 16 peroxidase isoenzymes. The basic peroxidase isoenzymes are predominantly localized in the vacuole and, to a minor degree, unbound in the intercellular space. The acidic isoenzymes are cell wall-bound in plants and not detectable in suspension-cultured cells. Large amounts (up to 11.0 U/ml) of a single basic isoenzyme are detectable in the spent medium of cell suspension cultures.

Feedback Mechanisms between ?2M and TGF?1 Reduce Extracellular Matrix Synthesis of Liver Fat-Storing Cells

1994

Dysfunction of Torr causes a Harlequin-type ichthyosis-like phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster

2019

AbstractPrevention of desiccation is a constant challenge for terrestrial organisms. Land insects have an extracellular coat, the cuticle, that plays a major role in protection against exaggerated water loss. Here, we report that the ABC transporter Torr - a human ABCA12 paralog - contributes to the waterproof barrier function of the cuticle in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. We show that the reduction or elimination of Torr function provokes rapid desiccation. Torr is also involved in defining the inward barrier against xenobiotics penetration. Consistently, the amounts of cuticular hydrocarbons that are involved in cuticle impermeability decrease markedly when Torr activity is redu…

2002

Previous observations have suggested a role for nitric oxide in the activity of the globus pallidus, but this functional involvement has not yet been tested in vivo. The extracellular activity of single units of the globus pallidus was recorded, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase was inhibited by systemically administering 7-nitro-indazole to a group of anaesthetised rats. Forty-five per cent of cells responded with a decrease in the firing rate. In another group of rats, the microiontophoretic administration of 3-morpholino-sydnonimin-hydrocloride (a nitric oxide donor) induced an increase in neuronal firing rate (24/28 cells), whereas the administration of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester…

Onset of DNA synthesis in experimentally activated ascidian eggs

1994

DNA synthesis was studied autoradiographically in unfertilized ascidian eggs (Ascidia malaca and Ciona intestinalis) that had been artificially activated by a K+-free external medium or a Ca-ionophore. Naked eggs of A. malaca were incubated in K+-free seawater that contained [3H]-thymidine for 30 min, and naked eggs of C. intestinalis were incubated in seawater supplemented with a Ca-ionophore and [3H]-thymidine for 15 min. The observations revealed limited activation in eggs treated with K+-free seawater. Activation consisted of surface modifications and the onset of DNA synthesis. Incorporation of [3H]-thymidine was detected in female nuclei of treated eggs which had not ejected their pol…

Hypoxia-Induced Extracellular Acidosis Increases p-Glycoprotein Activity and Chemoresistance in Tumors in Vivo via p38 Signaling Pathway

2011

Due to inadequate perfusion, tumors develop hypoxia and extracellular acidosis. In vitro, this acidic environment (pH=6.6) has a strong impact on the acitvity of the p-glycoprotein (pGP) drug transporter responsible for multidrug resistance. This effect is most probably mediated via p38 and/or ERK1/2 signalling pathways. The aimof the studywas to analyzewhether these findings also play a role for chemosensitivity in solid growing tumors in vivo. Therefore, experimental R3327-AT1 tumors of the rat were exposed to an acidifying treatment leading to forced glycolysis. The intratumoral pO21 was determined polarographically and the extracellular pH was measured with needle electrodes. In additio…