Search results for "CENTRALITY"

Seeking the Important Nodes of Complex Networks in Product R&D Team Based on Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS

2013

Published version of article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Alo available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/327592 Open Access How to seek the important nodes of complex networks in product research and development (R&D) team is particularly important for companies engaged in creativity and innovation. The previous literature mainly uses several single indicators to assess the node importance; this paper proposes a multiple attribute decision making model to tentatively solve these problems. Firstly, choose eight indicators as the evaluation criteria, four from centralization of complex networks: degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness…

Choosing Optimal Seed Nodes in Competitive Contagion.

2019

International audience; In recent years there has been a growing interest in simulating competitive markets to find out the efficient ways to advertise a product or spread an ideology. Along this line, we consider a binary competitive contagion process where two infections, A and B, interact with each other and diffuse simultaneously in a network. We investigate which is the best centrality measure to find out the seed nodes a company should adopt in the presence of rivals so that it can maximize its influence. These nodes can be used as the initial spreaders or advertisers by firms when two firms compete with each other. Each node is assigned a price tag to become an initial advertiser whi…

2020

Hierarchy and centrality are two popular notions used to characterize the importance of entities in complex systems. Indeed, many complex systems exhibit a natural hierarchical structure, and centrality is a fundamental characteristic allowing to identify key constituents. Several measures based on various aspects of network topology have been proposed in order to quantify these concepts. While numerous studies have investigated whether centrality measures convey redundant information, how centrality and hierarchy measures are related is still an open issue. In this paper, we investigate the association between centrality and hierarchy using several correlation and similarity evaluation mea…

From limit to centrality. Regeneration of the Genoa's port area through architectural and urban design

2012

This survey’s core is the case study of the regeneration of the port area and of the urban waterfront of the city of Genoa, as an emblematic example where the architectural and urban design plays an important role, oriented to the transformation of the port area and to the modification of the relationship that exists between the harbour and the city. In particular this will deepen the possibility, to reverse the condition of limit that characterizes the port area into a new centrality, through the design, passing by intermediate steps that redefine the modalities of access and of connection between city and port, breaking the condition of isolation that ports usually present. As a matter of…

ϒ production in p–Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV

2020

$\Upsilon$ production in p-Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon collision $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals $2.03 < y_{\rm{cms}} < 3.53$ and $-4.46 < y_{\rm{cms}} < -2.96$, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the inclusive $\Upsilon(1\rm{S})$ production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the $\Upsilon(1\rm{S})$ yields with respect to pp collis…

Transverse momentum spectra and nuclear modification factors of charged particles in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC

2018

We report the measured transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) spectra of primary charged particles from pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV in the kinematic range of $0.15<p_{\rm T}<50$ GeV/$c$ and $|\eta|< 0.8$. A significant improvement of systematic uncertainties motivated the reanalysis of data in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV, as well as in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV, which is also presented. Spectra from Pb-Pb collisions are presented in nine centrality intervals and are compared to a reference spectrum from pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. For cent…

Centrality dependence of particle production in p−Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

2015

We report measurements of the primary charged-particle pseudorapidity density and transverse momentum distributions in p-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV and investigate their correlation with experimental observables sensitive to the centrality of the collision. Centrality classes are defined by using different event-activity estimators, i.e., charged-particle multiplicities measured in three different pseudorapidity regions as well as the energy measured at beam rapidity (zero degree). The procedures to determine the centrality, quantified by the number of participants (Npart) or the number of nucleon-nucleon binary collisions (Ncoll) are described. We show that, in contrast to Pb-Pb coll…

A Distribution-Free Two-Sample Equivalence Test Allowing for Tied Observations

1999

A new testing procedure is derived which enables to assess the equivalence of two arbitrary noncontinuous distribution functions from which unrelated samples are taken as the data to be analyzed. The equivalence region is defined to consist of all pairs (F, G) of distribution functions such that for independent X ∼F, Y ∼G the conditional probability of {X > Y} given {X ¬= Y} lies in some short interval around 1/2. The test rejects the null hypothesis of nonequivalence if and only if the standardized distance between the U-statistics estimator of P|X > Y | X ¬= Y] and the center of the equivalence interval (1/2 - e 1 , 1/2 + e 2 ) does not exceed a critical upper bound which has to be comput…

Investigating the Structural Properties of an IT-Enabled Resource

2019

The synergistic combination and integration of information technology (IT) and other complementary organizational resources to form IT-enabled resources, has long been identified as one means through which organizations can derive benefits from IT. However, research shows that the integration required to form IT-enabled resources from which organizations derive benefits, also constrains the renewal and redeployment of the IT-enabled resources to address new strategic imperatives. Thus, there are several calls for further research on how organizations can sustain the derivation of benefits from IT especially in dynamic environments. This study responds to such calls. Specifically, it draws o…

Evaluating the structure and use of hiking trails in recreational areas using a mixed GPS tracking and graph theory approach

2014

Abstract Recreational trails encourage numerous outdoor leisure activities in a variety of urban, rural, and natural environments. Understanding the way trails function is crucial for the designers and managers of recreational sites to balance the needs of visitors and site capacities. This paper presents a new approach to evaluate the structure and use of hiking trails by combining GPS tracking and analytical methods based on graph theory. The study is based upon empirical data (N = 482 GPS tracks) collected in the Lobau, which is part of the Danube Floodplains National Park in Austria. The physical structure of trails (structural network; undirected graph) and their usage (functional netw…