Search results for "CHIMICA"

showing 10 items of 4450 documents

The Binding Mechanism of Epolactaene to Hsp60 Unveiled by in Silico Modelling

2016

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and DFT/MM calculations were performed in order to rationalize available experimental results and to provide structural details on the binding mechanism of Epolactaene (EPO) to the 60 KDa Heat Shock Protein (Hsp60). The available crystal structure of Hsp60 represents the last step of the chaperone folding cycle, while the Hsp60-EPO complex was obtained by using a homology model of Hsp60, in order to simulate a state related to the beginning of the folding cycle (Rs1). The results of MD simulations point out that EPO shows the highest binding affinity for the empty ATP binding site. The presence of ATP opens a channel that allows the entrance of both EPO d…

0301 basic medicineConformational changeanimal structuresStereochemistryProteins · Molecular Dynamics · Density Functional Theory · Heat Shock Proteins · Epolactaene010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundHeat shock proteinHomology modelingBinding siteEpolactaenebiologyChemistrySettore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanafungiGeneral ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica0104 chemical sciencesCrystallography030104 developmental biologyCovalent bondSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaChaperone (protein)biology.protein
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Modification of DNA structure by reactive nitrogen species as a result of 2-methoxyestradiol–induced neuronal nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in met…

2020

Abstract 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) is a physiological anticancer compound, metabolite of 17β-estradiol. Previously, our group evidenced that from mechanistic point of view one of anticancer mechanisms of action of 2-ME is specific induction and nuclear hijacking of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), resulting in local generation of nitro-oxidative stress and finally, cancer cell death. The current study aims to establish the substantial mechanism of generation of reactive nitrogen species by 2-ME. We further achieved to identify the specific reactive nitrogen species involved in DNA-damaging mechanism of 2-ME. The study was performed using metastatic osteosarcoma 143B cells. We detected…

0301 basic medicineDNA damageClinical BiochemistryBone NeoplasmsNitric Oxide Synthase Type INitric OxideBiochemistryNitric oxide03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePeroxynitrous AcidHumansMTT assayViability assaylcsh:QH301-705.5Reactive nitrogen speciesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaOsteosarcomalcsh:R5-920Settore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanaOrganic ChemistryDNAReactive Nitrogen Species2-MethoxyestradiolPeroxynitrous acid030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)Settore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaCancer cellBiophysicslcsh:Medicine (General)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPeroxynitrite2 methoxyestradiol nitric oxide chemotherapyResearch PaperRedox Biology
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First report on the presence of Alloxan in bleached flour by LC-MS/MS method

2017

Abstract In this work the presence of Alloxan in bread, pastry and cake bleached flour was investigate in order to verify possible risk for consumers related to the use of chemicals for flour bleaching. A selective UHPLC–MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the purpose. Alloxan is one of the possible minor side products of oxidation after chemical bleaching of wheat flours, when several chemical agents are used. One hundred and seventy-five flour samples were analyzed for Alloxan determination. The validation of the method was performed in accordance with the ISO/IEC/EN 17025 for linearity, detection limit, quantification limit, accuracy, precision and ruggedness determination.…

0301 basic medicineDetection limitAnalyteChromatographybakery productsSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiLC–ESI-MS/MSFlour030209 endocrinology & metabolismFlour Alloxan LC–ESI-MS/MS Validation procedure Bakery productsBiochemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicinechemistryChemical agentsAlloxanLc ms msAlloxanFlour AlloxanBakery productsValidation procedurevalidation procedureFood Science
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Use of Troponin as a predictor for cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020

People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have two- to four-fold increased cardiovascular mortality in comparison to the general population. With the identification of new therapeutic targets and hypoglycemic drugs for T2DM, the need for a better stratification of CVD risk has emerged to select patients who may need intensive or specific treatment. At present, risk stratification is based on clinical, demographic, and biochemical factors. High sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) increases after several ischemic and non-ischemic insults and it is considered a marker of myocardial injury. This review summarizes the main findings about hs-cTn utilization for risk stratification in people w…

0301 basic medicineDiabetes mellitumedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesClinical BiochemistryPopulationSettore MED/49Biochemistrylaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes mellitus0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansIn patientIntensive care medicineeducationLife StyleCardiovascular mortalityClinical Trials as Topiceducation.field_of_studyPrimary preventionbiologybusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)Type 2 Diabetes MellitusBiomarkerGeneral MedicineCardiovascular diseasePrognosismedicine.diseaseTroponinTroponinSettore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica E Biologia Molecolare Clinica030104 developmental biologyRisk factorsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular Diseases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbiology.proteinObservational studyRisk factorbusinessBiomarkersClinica Chimica Acta
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Kinase Inhibitors in Multitargeted Cancer Therapy

2017

The old-fashioned anticancer approaches, aiming in arresting cancer cell proliferation interfering with non-specific targets (e.g. DNA), have been replaced, in the last decades, by more specific target oriented ones. Nonetheless, single-target approaches have not always led to optimal outcomes because, for its complexity, cancer needs to be tackled at various levels by modulation of several targets. Although at present, combinations of individual single-target drugs represent the most clinically practiced therapeutic approaches, the modulation of multiple proteins by a single drug, in accordance with the polypharmacological strategy, has become more and more appealing. In the perspective of…

0301 basic medicineDrugNiacinamideIndolesPyridinesmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmacologyBioinformaticsBiochemistryReceptor tyrosine kinase03 medical and health sciencesCrizotinibPiperidinesMultitargeted drugs anticancer agents polypharmacology tyrosine kinase receptors oncogene addiction tumor microenvironment FDA-approved drugsNeoplasmsDrug DiscoverymedicineSunitinibHumansAnilidesPyrrolesProtein Kinase Inhibitorsmedia_commonPharmacologyTumor microenvironmentbiologybusiness.industryPhenylurea CompoundsOrganic ChemistryImidazolesCancerReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesSorafenibmedicine.diseaseOncogene AddictionSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaClinical trialPyridazines030104 developmental biologyMechanism of actionbiology.proteinImatinib MesylateQuinazolinesMolecular MedicinePyrazolesmedicine.symptombusinessTyrosine kinase
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The gut microbiota of the wood-feeding termite Reticulitermes lucifugus (Isoptera; Rhinotermitidae)

2016

Termite gut is host to a complex microbial community consisting of prokaryotes, and in some cases flagellates, responsible for the degradation of lignocellulosic material. Here we report data concerning the analysis of the gut microbiota of Reticulitermes lucifugus (Rossi), a lower termite species that lives in underground environments and is widespread in Italy, where it causes damage to wood structures of historical and artistic monuments. A 16S rRNA gene clone library revealed that the R. lucifugus gut is colonized by members of five phyla in the domain Bacteria: Firmicutes (49 % of clones), Proteobacteria (24 %), Spirochaetes (14 %), the candidatus TG1 phylum (12 %), and Bacteroidetes (…

0301 basic medicineFirmicutesAerobic bacteria030106 microbiologySettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaZoologyBacillusGut microbiotaSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesPaenibacillusCellulose degradation16S rDNATermite16S rDNA; Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA); Cellulose degradation; Gut microbiota; Termites; Applied Microbiology and BiotechnologybiologyBacteroidetesbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataAmplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA)ProteobacteriaRhinotermitidaeBacteria
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Anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides, 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carboxamides and 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carboxamides: Synthesis biological evaluat…

2017

Abstract Several anthranilamide-based 2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides 13a-f, 1,1’-biphenyl-4-carboxamides 14a-f and 1,1’-biphenyl-2-carboxamides 17a-f were obtained by a multistep procedure starting from the (1S,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropane-1-carbonyl chloride 11, the 1,1'-biphenyl-4-carbonyl chloride 12 or the 1,1'-biphenyl-2-carbonyl chloride 16 with the appropriate anthranilamide derivative 10a-f. Derivatives 13a-f, 14a-f and 17a-f showed antiproliferative activity against human leukemia K562 cells. Among these derivatives 13b, 14b and 17b exerted a particular cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. Derivative 17b showed a better antitumoral effect on K562 cells than 13b and 14b. Analyses perfo…

0301 basic medicineG2 Phase2-Phenylcyclopropane-1-carboxamides 11’-biphenyl-4-carboxamides 11’-biphenyl-2-carboxamides G2/M arrest Phospho-ATM and gH2AX increaseDNA RepairDNA repairStereochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisChloride03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaDrug DiscoverymedicineCytotoxic T cellHumansortho-AminobenzoatesMode of actionCell ProliferationPharmacologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineCell Cycle CheckpointsCell cycleSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica030104 developmental biologyMechanism of actionApoptosis030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicine.symptomK562 CellsDNAmedicine.drugDNA Damage
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Common Hits Approach: Combining Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

2017

We present a new approach that incorporates flexibility based on extensive MD simulations of protein-ligand complexes into structure-based pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening. The approach uses the multiple coordinate sets saved during the MD simulations and generates for each frame a pharmacophore model. Pharmacophore models with the same pharmacophore features are pooled. In this way the high number of pharmacophore models that results from the MD simulation is reduced to only a few hundred representative pharmacophore models. Virtual screening runs are performed with every representative pharmacophore model; the screening results are combined and rescored to generate a single hi…

0301 basic medicineGeneral Chemical EngineeringDrug Evaluation PreclinicalLibrary and Information SciencesMolecular Dynamics Simulationcomputer.software_genreLigandsLigandScoutCommon Hits Approach (CHA)03 medical and health sciencesMolecular dynamicsUser-Computer InterfaceComputational chemistryPharmacophore ModelingFlexibility (engineering)Virtual screeningChemistryFrame (networking)ProteinsGeneral ChemistryInto-structureSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaComputer Science Applications030104 developmental biologyData miningPharmacophorecomputerJournal of chemical information and modeling
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Hg and Se exposure in brain tissues of striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) and bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from the Tyrrhenian and Ad…

2017

In this study we analyzed Hg and Se concentrations in dolphin brain tissues of fifteen specimens of striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) and eight specimens of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) stranded in the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic Seas, in order to assess the toxicological risks associated with Hg exposure. High Hg concentrations were found in brain tissues of both analyzed specie (1.86–243 mg/kg dw for striped dolphin and 2.1–98.7 mg/kg dw for bottlenose dolphin), exceeding levels associated with marine mammals neurotoxicity. Althougth the results clearly suggest that the protective effects of Se against Hg toxicity occur in cetaceans’ brain tissues, a molar excess of mercury w…

0301 basic medicineHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisZoologyStenella coeruleoalba010501 environmental sciencesBiologyManagement Monitoring Policy and LawToxicology01 natural sciencesAquatic organisms03 medical and health sciencesSeleniumStenellabiology.animalNeurotoxicityAnimalsSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBrain; Mercury; Neurotoxicity; Selenium; Stenella coeruleoalba; Tursiops truncatus; Animals; Bottle-Nosed Dolphin; Brain; Italy; Mercury; Selenium; Stenella; Water Pollutants; Risk assessmentAnimalBrainAquatic animalGeneral MedicineMercuryBottlenose dolphinbiology.organism_classificationFisheryBottle-Nosed Dolphin030104 developmental biologyItalyStenella coeruleoalbaTursiops truncatuhuman activitiesWater Pollutants ChemicalEcotoxicology (London, England)
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Effects of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine on the liver of high fat diet fed rats

2016

Experimental studies have highlighted that the administration of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2) to rats fed diets rich in lipids induces a decrease of cholesterol and triglycerides plasma levels and body weight (BW) without inducing liver steatosis. On the basis of these observations we carried out some experimental <em>in vivo</em> studies to assess the effects of multiple high doses of T2 on the pituitary thyroid axis of rats fed diet rich in lipids. Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five animals each. The first group (N group) received standard diet, the second group was fed with a high fat diet (HFD group), while the third group (HFDT2 group) was additi…

0301 basic medicineHepatic steatosismedicine.medical_specialtyPlant ScienceAdrenocorticotropic hormoneHepatic steatosi010501 environmental sciencesBiologySettore BIO/09 - Fisiologia01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPituitary thyroid axis03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicinelcsh:QH301-705.50105 earth and related environmental sciences35-diiodo-L-thyronine; TSH; Thyroid hormone; Hepatic steatosisBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)TriiodothyronineTSHCholesterolBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseaseSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica35-diiodo-L-thyronineThyroid hormone030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologylcsh:Biology (General)chemistryThyronineSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaAlkaline phosphataseSteatosisHormoneJournal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale
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