Search results for "CHON"
showing 10 items of 1866 documents
Mechanisms of cell death in canine parvovirus-infected cells provide intuitive insights to developing nanotools for medicine
2010
Jonna Nykky, Jenni E Tuusa, Sanna Kirjavainen, Matti Vuento, Leona GilbertNanoscience Center and Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FinlandAbstract: Viruses have great potential as nanotools in medicine for gene transfer, targeted gene delivery, and oncolytic cancer virotherapy. Here we have studied cell death mechanisms of canine parvovirus (CPV) to increase the knowledge on the CPV life cycle in order to facilitate the development of better parvovirus vectors. Morphological studies of CPV-infected Norden laboratory feline kidney (NLFK) cells and canine fibroma cells (A72) displayed characteristic apoptotic events. Apoptosis was f…
Study of the mechanisms of oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress in obesity. Role in subclinical atherosclerosis …
2019
El aumento alarmante de la prevalencia de obesidad a nivel mundial y la enorme carga de enfermedad asociada ha generado una creciente demanda de estrategias para frenar la epidemia y / o mitigar los efectos dañinos de la obesidad sobre la salud. Para ello se requiere un compromiso firme y sinérgico por parte de todas las fuerzas sociales, no sólo para desarrollar estrategias preventivas, sino también para contribuir al conocimiento de los eventos patológicos y los mecanismos involucrados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Por ello, el objetivo principal de la presente tesis doctoral es profundizar en los mecanismos subyacentes de la obesidad, especialmente en aquellos relacionados con el …
A Continuous Pore Size Gradient PLLA Scaffold For Osteochondral Regeneration
2016
Osteochondral (OC) scaffold-based regenerative approaches in the joint are challenging since the scaffold must provide mechanical strength while also mimicking the local cartilage and bone microenvironments. Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) can produce scaffolds with a wide range of pore size morphologies/distributions. Here, we produced by TIPS a poly-L-lactide (PLL A) scaffold with a continuous pore size gradient along the sample thickness, from ~70μm diameter on one side to ~200 μm diameter on the opposite surface.
SICILIAN MANGO PEEL INDUCES CELLULAR STRESS ACCOMPANIED TO MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN COLON CANCER CELLS
2021
Currently, cellular stresses as the oxidative, metabolic and genotoxic stress are considered the cause of many different human pathologies as neurodegenerative diseases (e.g.,Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), alcoholic liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and also cancer. Although the role of cellular stress has been largely debated in cancer, nowadays some therapies aim to target the intracellular pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance triggering the tumor commitment to cell death. Therefore, it has become more necessary an improved understanding of cancer response to cellular stress that could be advantageous to develop cancer tailored therapies. In this…
Induction of neuronal plasticity during adulthood. Role of cortical interneurons and plasticity-related molecules.
2019
La complejidad del sistema nervioso de los vertebrados representa un reto a la hora de conocer su funcionamiento. Hace ya más de cien años que se postuló la neurona como unidad básica de procesamiento, generación y transmisión de la información a través de este sistema, y, con el paso de los años, ha evolucionado el conocimiento sobre esta unidad funcional. La idea clásica del sistema nervioso central (SNC) adulto es la de un tejido asombrosamente interconectado y complejo, pero prácticamente inmutable y muy poco adaptable a los cambios. No obstante, esta visión se ha ido desplazando, formándose una nueva idea del SNC adulto que, aunque de manera más limitada que durante el desarrollo, tamb…
In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves and Rhizomes of the Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells: Fo…
2023
Aqueous extracts from Posidonia oceanica’s green and brown (beached) leaves and rhizomes were prepared, submitted to phenolic compound and proteomic analysis, and examined for their potential cytotoxic effect on HepG2 liver cancer cells in culture. The chosen endpoints related to survival and death were cell viability and locomotory behavior, cell-cycle analysis, apoptosis and autophagy, mitochondrial membrane polarization, and cell redox state. Here, we show that 24 h exposure to both green-leaf- and rhizome-derived extracts decreased tumor cell number in a dose–response manner, with a mean half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) estimated at 83 and 11.5 μg of dry extract/mL, respecti…
Translational repression and novel functions of Cth2 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae response to iron deficiency
2020
El hierro (Fe) es un micronutriente y cofactor esencial para todos los organismos eucariotas. Las proteínas que incorporan hierro en su estructura lo hacen en forma de grupos hemo, centros Fe/S o centros de hierro y oxígeno, entre otros. Estos cofactores están implicados en numerosos procesos celulares como la respiración, la replicación y reparación del DNA, la biogénesis de ribosomas y la traducción de proteínas, la biosíntesis de ácidos nucleicos y lípidos, la fotosíntesis y el transporte de oxígeno. Pese a ser un metal abundante en la corteza terrestre, su forma oxidada Fe+3 es la más frecuente en un entorno oxidante y resulta insoluble a pH fisiológico. Esto hace de la deficiencia de h…
Mitochondrial sequence analysis of Salamandra taxa suggests old splits of major lineages and postglacial recolonizations of Central Europe from disti…
2000
Representatives of the genus Salamandra occur in Europe, Northern Africa and the Near East. Many local variants are known but species and subspecies status of these is still a matter of dispute. We have analysed samples from locations covering the whole expansion range of Salamandra by sequence analysis of mitochondrial D-loop regions. In addition, we have calibrated the rate of divergence of the D-loop on the basis of geologically dated splits of the closely related genus Euproctus. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences suggests that six major monophyletic groups exist (S. salamandra, S. algira, S. infraimmaculata, S. corsica, S. atra and S. lanzai) which have split between 5 and 13 milli…
Aplidin® induces JNK-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via alteration of glutathione homeostasis, Rac1 GTPase activation, and MKP-1 ph…
2006
Aplidin® is an antitumor agent in phase II clinical trials that induces apoptosis through the sustained activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We report that Aplidin® alters glutathione homeostasis increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced forms (GSSG/GSH). Aplidin® generates reactive oxygen species and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential. Exogenous GSH inhibits these effects and also JNK activation and cell death. We found two mechanisms by which Aplidin® activates JNK: rapid activation of Rac1 small GTPase and downregulation of MKP-1 phosphatase. Rac1 activation was diminished by GSH and enhanced by L-buthionine (SR)-sulfoximine, which inhibits GSH synthesis. Downregulatio…
Biological and Proteomic Characterization of the Anti-Cancer Potency of Aqueous Extracts from Cell-Free Coelomic Fluid of Arbacia lixula Sea Urchin i…
2022
Echinoderms are an acknowledged source of bioactive compounds exerting various beneficial effects on human health. Here, we examined the potential in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of aqueous extracts of the cell-free coelomic fluid obtained from the sea urchin Arbacia lixula using the HepG2 cell line as a model system. This was accomplished by employing a combination of colorimetric, microscopic and flow cytometric assays to determine cell viability, cell cycle distribution, the possible onset of apoptosis, the accumulation rate of acidic vesicular organelles, mitochondrial polarization, cell redox state and cell locomotory ability. The obtained data show that exposed HepG2 cells under…