Search results for "CHOP"
showing 10 items of 766 documents
Rapid systematic review shows that using a high-flow nasal cannula is inferior to nasal continuous positive airway pressure as first-line support in …
2017
Aim We reviewed using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) as first-line support for preterm neonates with, or at risk of, respiratory distress. Methods This rapid systematic review covered biomedical databases up to June 2017. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. The reference lists of the studies and relevant reviews we included were also screened. We performed the study selection, data extraction, study quality assessment, meta-analysis and quality of evidence assessment following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Results Pooled results from six RCTs covering 1227 neonates showed moderate-quality evidence that HFNC …
Childhood adversities and psychopathological outcomes
2015
Maltreatment of children by their parents or other caregivers is widely spread, and can cause serious injury and severe long-term consequences. Child maltreatment encompasses any acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that result in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child or adolescent (usually interpreted as up to 18 years of age), even if harm is not the intended result. In the past two decades, four forms of maltreatment have been increasingly recognised: physical abuse; sexual abuse; psychological abuse, sometimes referred to as emotional abuse; and neglect. Research from high-income countries revealed that 4–16% of children experienced severe paren…
La filosofía política y su trasfondo ontológico en la obra de Arthur Schopenhauer
2012
Esta tesis doctoral aborda la relación entre la metafísica de Schopenhauer y su filosofía política. Para ello, analiza algunas de las doctrinas principales de la filosofía schopenhaueriana, como la relevancia de la corporalidad en la génesis de su metafísica y el problema de la libertad. Estos dos aspectos constituyen el trasfondo básico sobre el que entender la filosofía política de Schopenhauer. Además, hay que tener en cuenta la conexión explícita entre pesimismo antropológico, ética de la compasión y la filosofía del derecho que defiende Schopenhauer: esta vía interpretativa permite entender la filosofía política desde la antropología filosófica. Pero más allá de esta conexión explícita…
How are learning experiences and task properties associated with adolescents’ emotions and psychophysiological states?
2022
We examined whether learning experiences (value of success, mastery experience) and task properties (challenge) are related to early adolescents’ (n = 190, median age = 12) emotional responses and psychophysiological states (autonomic nervous system, ANS) in achievement situations in an ambulatory laboratory. They completed four achievement tasks (two math and two reading) at different challenge levels in randomized order, and reported their learning and task perceptions for each task. The proportion of errors indicated the objective demandingness of each task. As indices of sympathetic nervous system activity, we recorded skin conductance response (SCR) and heart rate (HR), and, as parasym…
Processus sensoriels cognitifs et comportementaux impliqués dans la perception des mélanges odorants alimentaires complexes chez le lapin nouveau-né …
2015
Within each breath, a large diversity of volatiles molecules of the surrounding reaches our olfactory receptors. Despite the chemical complexity of the natural environment, the organisms succeed to represent their world using relevant information carried by single odorants or mixtures. Focusing on the perception of these stimuli, we explored the processes involved in the treatment of this complex information, sometimes supported by mixtures or sub-mixtures. The treatment is based on two processes: the elemental mode, which allows extracting the odor quality of all or some of the elements, or the configural mode which allows the holistic representation of the mixture. In this doctoral thesis…
The Future of Technology in Positive Psychology: Methodological Advances in the Science of Well-Being
2018
Advances in biotechnology and information technology are poised to transform well-being research. This article reviews the technologies that we predict will have the most impact on both measurement and intervention in the field of positive psychology over the next decade. These technologies include: psychopharmacology, non-invasive brain stimulation, virtual reality environments, and big-data methods for large-scale multivariate analysis. Some particularly relevant potential costs and benefits to individual and collective well-being are considered for each technology as well as ethical considerations. As these technologies may substantially enhance the capacity of psychologists to intervene…
PARI 2010-2011 - Projet DINOS "Innovinaroma" ou Mélanges d'odorants et milieux complexes
2011
L'idée est de réaliser une méta-analyse non ciblée de données d'origines multiples afin de prendre en compte à la fois les résultats de l'analyse sensorielle établie sur le concept de typicité mais aussi celles de l'olfactométrie séparative, de l'analyse semi-quantitative, de la chimie des odorants identifiés, de la psychophysique et de l'aromatique alimentaire. Le statut de composés clés porteurs de typicité aromatique, relève de leur présence en mélange dans des gammes de concentrations et dans un environnement à la fois complexe et diversifié propre à la catégorie sensorielle cible. Les approches, dont le but était de faire émerger un tel groupe d'odorants, jusqu'ici trop simplistes ou t…
The relationship between working alliance with peer mentors and eating psychopathology in a digital 6‐week guided self‐help intervention for anorexia…
2021
Objective: The quality of working alliance (WA) is associated with treatment outcomes across several types of psychiatric disorders and psychological interventions. This study examined the role of WA with peer mentors (people with lived experience of illness) and student mentors (graduated psychology students) in a 6-week, digital, guided self-help (GSH) intervention for anorexia nervosa. Method: Ninety-nine patients rated weekly, for 6 weeks: (a) eating psychopathology using the short version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-QS) and (b) WA with a student mentor (n = 14) or a peer mentor (n = 10). WA was assessed by asking patients the extent to which they felt comforta…
Political Philosophy and Anthropological Pessimism: Notes on Arthur Schopenhauer’s Political Philosophy
2014
en este artículo presento la relación entre la filosofía política y la antropología filosófica en la obra de Arthur Schopenhauer. en primer lugar, abordo brevemente lo que se puede denominar el pesimismo antropológico schopenhaueriano, visión negativa de la humanidad que marca su filosofía política, centrada sobre todo en la crítica del egoísmo. Para ello, me detengo en uno de los baluartes contra este egoísmo, es decir, el estado, que para Schopenhauer es una institución dedicada a la protección de los individuos, por lo que se puede vincular con las tradiciones del liberalismo y el contractualismo modernos. en este punto, introduzco la cuestión de la forma de gobierno defendida por Schope…
Prenatal exposure to diazepam and alprazolam, but not to zolpidem, affects behavioural stress reactivity in handling-naïve and handling-habituated ad…
2002
A gentle long-lasting handling produces persistent neurochemical and behavioural changes and attenuates the impairment in the behavioural reactivity to novelty induced by the prenatal exposure to diazepam (DZ) in adult male rat progeny. This study investigated the consequences of a late prenatal treatment with three GABA/BDZ R agonists (DZ) alprazolam (ALP) and zolpidem (ZOLP)), on different stress-related behavioural patterns, in non-handled (NH), short-lasting handled (SLH) and long-lasting handled (LLH) adult male rats exposed to forced swim test (FST), acoustic startle reflex (ASR) and Vogel test (VT). The effects on motor activity were evaluated in the open field and in the Skinner box…