Search results for "CIRCLES"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

Construction of 3D Triangles on Dupin Cyclides

2011

This paper considers the conversion of the parametric Bézier surfaces, classically used in CAD-CAM, into patched of a class of non-spherical degree 4 algebraic surfaces called Dupin cyclides, and the definition of 3D triangle with circular edges on Dupin cyclides. Dupin cyclides was discovered by the French mathematician Pierre-Charles Dupin at the beginning of the 19th century. A Dupin cyclide has one parametric equation, two implicit equations, and a set of circular lines of curvature. The authors use the properties of these surfaces to prove that three families of circles (meridian arcs, parallel arcs, and Villarceau circles) can be computed on every Dupin cyclide. A geometric algorithm …

CombinatoricsClass (set theory)Degree (graph theory)Algebraic surfaceDupin cyclideBézier curveMathematics::Differential GeometryParametric equationCurvatureVillarceau circlesMathematicsInternational Journal of Computer Vision and Image Processing
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Computation of Yvon-Villarceau circles on Dupin cyclides and construction of circular edge right triangles on tori and Dupin cyclides

2014

Ring Dupin cyclides are non-spherical algebraic surfaces of degree four that can be defined as the image by inversion of a ring torus. They are interesting in geometric modeling because: (1) they have several families of circles embedded on them: parallel, meridian, and Yvon-Villarceau circles, and (2) they are characterized by one parametric equation and two equivalent implicit ones, allowing for better flexibility and easiness of use by adopting one representation or the other, according to the best suitability for a particular application. These facts motivate the construction of circular edge triangles lying on Dupin cyclides and exhibiting the aforementioned properties. Our first contr…

ComputationRing torusDupin cyclide02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesVillarceau circlesCombinatorics[INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]Algebraic surface0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO][INFO]Computer Science [cs]0101 mathematicsParametric equationRight triangleComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematics[INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB]010102 general mathematicsInversion020207 software engineeringTorus[INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]Computational MathematicsCircular edge right triangleComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and Simulation[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]Yvon-Villarceau circleRing Dupin cyclide[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed Parallel and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]Geometric modeling
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Subpixel determination of imperfect circles characteristics

2008

This article deals with the problem of the determination of characteristics of imperfect circular objects in discrete images, namely the radius and center coordinates. To limit distortion, a multi-level method based on active contours was developed. Its originality is to furnish a set of geometric envelopes in one pass, with a correspondence between grayscale and a regularity scale. The adequacy of this approach was tested with several methods, among them is the Radon-based method. More particularly, this study indicates the relevance of the use of active contours combined with a Radon transform-based method which was improved using a fitting considering the discrete implementation of the R…

Computer sciencechemistry.chemical_elementRadonImage processingGeometryGeometric noise010103 numerical & computational mathematics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesGrayscaleEdge detectionArtificial IntelligenceDistortion[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0101 mathematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSRadon transformActive contour modelRadon transformActive contoursDiscrete circlesSubpixel renderingchemistry[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]Signal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionModel fittingAlgorithmSoftware
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A Dido problem for domains in ?2 with a given inradius

1990

We find which are the simply connected domains in ℝ2 satisfying the Dido condition for a straight shoreline, with a given area A and a fixed inradius ϱ, which minimize the length of the free boundary. There are three different cases according to the values of A and ϱ.

DIDODiscrete mathematicsCombinatoricsDifferential geometryHyperbolic geometrySimply connected spaceBoundary (topology)Geometry and TopologyAlgebraic geometryIncircle and excircles of a triangleProjective geometryMathematicsGeometriae Dedicata
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S2-lukija tulkitsijana selkomukautetun kaunokirjallisuuden lukupiirissä

2020

This article discusses reading circles of adult Finnish as a second language (L2) readers. The books that were read and discussed in the circles were easy-to-read fiction. The study focuses on how the readers interpret what they read and what kind of support they need for their interpretations. The analysis utilizes the concept of scaffolding, used in socio-cultural learning theory. The readers’ reading stances vary from what is literally said in the text to creating their own interpretations of the hidden meanings of the text. The latter are not very common in the reading circles, although many participants express a wish to create and discuss interpretations too. The analysis shows that i…

General Energylukeminen toisella kielellä selkomukautettu kaunokirjallisuus tulkinta lukupiiritArtikkelitL2 reading easy-to-read literature interpretation reading-circlesAFinLA-e: Soveltavan kielitieteen tutkimuksia
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Curve packing and modulus estimates

2018

A family of planar curves is called a Moser family if it contains an isometric copy of every rectifiable curve in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ of length one. The classical "worm problem" of L. Moser from 1966 asks for the least area covered by the curves in any Moser family. In 1979, J. M. Marstrand proved that the answer is not zero: the union of curves in a Moser family has always area at least $c$ for some small absolute constant $c > 0$. We strengthen Marstrand's result by showing that for $p > 3$, the $p$-modulus of a Moser family of curves is at least $c_{p} > 0$.

General MathematicsTHIN SETModulusconformal modulus01 natural sciencesThin setpotential theoryCombinatoricsNull set010104 statistics & probabilityPlanarCIRCLESMathematics - Metric GeometryClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics111 Mathematics0101 mathematicsAbsolute constantMathematicsMoser familyApplied Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisZero (complex analysis)Metric Geometry (math.MG)28A75 (Primary) 31A15 60CXX (Secondary)measure theoryMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsFamily of curvespotentiaaliteoriamittateoriaMEASURE ZEROcurve packing problems
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Late-onset myasthenia gravis - CTLA4(low) genotype association and low-for-age thymic output of naïve T cells.

2014

Abstract Late-onset myasthenia gravis (LOMG) has become the largest MG subgroup, but the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain mysterious. Among the few etiological clues are the almost unique serologic parallels between LOMG and thymoma-associated MG (TAMG), notably autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors, titin, ryanodine receptor, type I interferons or IL-12. This is why we checked LOMG patients for two further peculiar features of TAMG – its associations with the CTLA4 high/gain-of-function  +49A/A genotype and with increased thymic export of naive T cells into the blood, possibly after defective negative selection in AIRE-deficient thymomas. We analyzed genomic DNA from 116 …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeThymomaT-LymphocytesImmunologyDNA Mutational AnalysisRecent Thymic EmigrantLate onsetCell CountThymus GlandBiologyPeripheral blood mononuclear cellWhite PeopleGene FrequencyInternal medicineGenotypeMyasthenia GravismedicineImmune ToleranceImmunology and AllergyHumansCTLA-4 AntigenGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic Association StudiesAgedPeripheral tolerance inductionAged 80 and overPolymorphism GeneticThymocytesT-cell receptor excision circlesAutoantibodyCell DifferentiationThymus NeoplasmsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMyasthenia gravisEndocrinologyImmunologyFemaleJournal of autoimmunity
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Exact Voronoi diagram of smooth convex pseudo-circles: General predicates, and implementation for ellipses

2013

International audience; We examine the problem of computing exactly the Voronoi diagram (via the dual Delaunay graph) of a set of, possibly intersecting, smooth convex \pc in the Euclidean plane, given in parametric form. Pseudo-circles are (convex) sites, every pair of which has at most two intersecting points. The Voronoi diagram is constructed incrementally. Our first contribution is to propose robust and efficient algorithms, under the exact computation paradigm, for all required predicates, thus generalizing earlier algorithms for non-intersecting ellipses. Second, we focus on \kcn, which is the hardest predicate, and express it by a simple sparse $5\times 5$ polynomial system, which a…

Polynomialexact computationAerospace Engineering02 engineering and technologyComputer Science::Computational GeometryEllipse[INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]01 natural sciencesIncircle and excircles of a triangleCombinatoricsparametric curveTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringPower diagramVoronoi diagramParametric equationimplementationComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSMathematicsDiscrete mathematics[INFO.INFO-SC]Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC]Regular polygon020207 software engineeringCGALComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignWeighted Voronoi diagram[ INFO.INFO-SC ] Computer Science [cs]/Symbolic Computation [cs.SC]0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryModeling and SimulationAutomotive Engineering[ INFO.INFO-CG ] Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]InCircle predicateVoronoi diagram
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Tangent lines and Lipschitz differentiability spaces

2015

We study the existence of tangent lines, i.e. subsets of the tangent space isometric to the real line, in tangent spaces of metric spaces. We first revisit the almost everywhere metric differentiability of Lipschitz continuous curves. We then show that any blow-up done at a point of metric differentiability and of density one for the domain of the curve gives a tangent line. Metric differentiability enjoys a Borel measurability property and this will permit us to use it in the framework of Lipschitz differentiability spaces. We show that any tangent space of a Lipschitz differentiability space contains at least $n$ distinct tangent lines, obtained as the blow-up of $n$ Lipschitz curves, whe…

Pure mathematicsLipschitz differentiability spaces; metric geometry; Ricci curvature; tangent of metric spaces01 natural sciencesMathematics - Metric GeometrySettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaTangent lines to circles0103 physical sciencesTangent spaceClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematicsmetric geometryDifferentiable function0101 mathematicsReal lineMathematicstangent of metric spacesQA299.6-433Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsTangentLipschitz differentiability spacesMetric Geometry (math.MG)Lipschitz continuityFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMetric spaceRicci curvatureMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsMetric (mathematics)010307 mathematical physicsGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Differential GeometryAnalysis
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Computing the Arrangement of Circles on a Sphere, with Applications in Structural Biology

2009

International audience; Balls and spheres are the simplest modeling primitives after affine ones, which accounts for their ubiquitousness in Computer Science and Applied Mathematics. Amongst the many applications, we may cite their prevalence when it comes to modeling our ambient 3D space, or to handle molecular shapes using Van der Waals models. If most of the applications developed so far are based upon simple geometric tests between balls, in particular the intersection test, a number of applications would obviously benefit from finer pieces of information. Consider a sphere $S_0$ and a list of circles on it, each such circle stemming from the intersection between $S_0$ and another spher…

Single passSpheresControl and Optimization0102 computer and information sciences[INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]01 natural sciencesArrangement of circlesDockingmolecular surfacesCombinatorics03 medical and health sciencesVan der Waals modelsConformational ensembles030304 developmental biologyMathematics0303 health sciencesOptimization algorithmData structureComputer Science ApplicationsAlgebraComputational Mathematics[INFO.INFO-CG] Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]Computational Theory and MathematicsStructural biology010201 computation theory & mathematicsBall (bearing)[ INFO.INFO-CG ] Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]SPHERESGeometry and TopologyAffine transformationflexible docking
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