Search results for "CIRRHOSIS"

Autoimmune Lebererkrankungen: Diagnostik und Therapie

2004

Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and overlap syndromes of these three disease entities are regarded as autoimmune liver diseases. These conditions are important differential diagnoses of elevated liver function tests as about 10 % of liver transplantations in Europe and North America are for these indications. The diagnosis is often difficult but can be facilitated by sequential measurement of relevant autoantibodies, exclusion of other liver disease, ultrasound, ERCP and liver histology. In AIH immunosuppressive therapy has been shown to prevent or stop the development of cirrhosis and improve the prognosis of the patients de…

Heterozygosity for the hemochromatosis gene in liver diseases - prevalence and effects on liver histology

2000

:Background/Aims: The effect of heterozygosity for the C282Y mutation in the HFE hemochromatosis gene on iron accumulation and disease progression in liver disease patients is unclear. Methods: We investigated the prevalence of this mutation in 531 patients and 205 healthy controls. In addition, we assessed the influence of the mutation on liver histology in 34 C282Y heterozygous and 124 age-, sex- and disease-matched controls without the mutation using the modified HAI and Chevallier score. Results: The highest prevalence of the C282Y mutation was observed in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (17.2%, p<0.01) compared to 6.4% in healthy controls. Heterozygotes with hepatitis C and B virus …

Multicentre Survey of the Prevalence of Intrahepatic Cholestasis in 2520 Consecutive Patients with Newly Diagnosed Chronic Liver Disease

1992

In order to establish the prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) in chronic liver disease, we retrospectively evaluated the frequency of increased serum total bilirubin (STB), serum conjugated bilirubin (SCB) and serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) levels in a cohort of 2520 patients with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease presenting over 2 years. 882 patients (35%) [mean age 52.2 years] had IHC involving abnormal levels of STB (mean 89.8 μmol/L), SCB (mean 52.5 μmol/L), and SAP (mean 5.7 μkat/L) together with a negative ultrasonic scan. Demographic data were not predictive of IHC. IHC was more frequent in patients with cirrhosis (43%), primary biliary cirrhosis (54%), and primary scl…

Möglicher Nutzen und Auswirkung einer Lipiodolmarkierung auf die Histologie beim hepatozellulären Karzinom

2005

Purpose: To assess the benefit and the effect of intraarterial lipiodol application on histological analysis of patients suspected of having HCC. To determine whether lipiodol marking leads to a better biopsy result and how lipiodol or a transarterial chemoembolization influences the histological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients were examined. Group A included 14 patients highly suspected of having an HCC which had previously been unsuccessfully biopsied. A transarterial embolization with lipiodol was performed in these patients to mark intrahepatic tumors which could not otherwise be defined in unenhanced CT. A biopsy was then repeated. Group B included 22 patients …

Epidemiology, risk factors, and natural history of hepatocellular carcinoma

2002

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is increasing in many countries. The estimated number of new cases annually is over 500,000, and the yearly incidence comprises between 2.5 and 7% of patients with liver cirrhosis. The incidence varies between different geographic areas, being higher in developing areas; males are predominantly affected, with a 2:3 male/female ratio. The heterogeneous geographic distribution reflects the epidemiologic impact of the main etiologic factors and environmental risk, which are the hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. The percentage of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma attributable to HBV worldwide is 52.3% and is higher in Asia where the serop…

Pyruvate dehydrogenase specific T cells in primary biliary cirrhosis show restricted antigen recognition sites

2002

:  Background/Aims: The aim was to characterise the antigen recognition sites of the variable T cell receptor α-chain (TCRAV) and β-chain (TCRBV) of T cells specific to the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC) in primary biliary cirrhosis. Methods: In 21 PDC-specific T cell clones isolated from five patients we analysed TCRAV and TCRBV usage by RT-PCR and sequenced the CDR3 regions. Results: Preferential expression of the TCR elements BV6 (6 clones), BV12 (4 clones) and BV1 (3 clones), and frequent usage of the joining elements JB2.3 and JB2.1 were seen. Analysis of the α chain revealed rearrangement of AV2 in 7 clones (35%) and AV7 in 3 clones, however, distribution of the joining elements was het…

Direct acting antivirals after successful treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma improve survival in HCV-cirrhotic patients

2019

Background &amp; aims: The effectiveness of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) after successful treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been studied extensively. However, the benefit in terms of overall survival (OS) remains to be conclusively demonstrated. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of DAAs on OS, HCC recurrence, and hepatic decompensation. Methods: We enrolled prospectively 163 consecutive patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and at first diagnosis of early Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) 0/A HCC who had achieved a complete radiologic response after curative resection or ablation, subsequently treated with DAAs. DAA-untrea…

Antimitochondrial antibody -M2 positive autoimmune hepatitis during standard of care for chronic hepatitis C

2012

The current standard of care (SoC) for chronic hepatitis C, i.e. the combination of a pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) with ribavirin (RBV), may activate underlying autoimmune conditions. Particularly, interferon (IFN) has been known to induce or exacerbate autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in hepatitis C virus patients. We describe a severe, acute-onset antimitochondrial antibody (AMA)-M2 positive AIH appearing during the last weeks of SoC in a woman with chronic hepatitis C and no previous history of autoimmunity, and resolving on protracted steroids. In this context, the relevance of the characterization of the immunoglobulin isotype of portal plasma cells for …

Cyclooxygenase- 2, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and IL-6 genes SNPs and IL-6 serum levels in liver cirrhosis and hep…

2011

Detection of mitochondrial antibodies directed against the primary biliary cirrhosis (M2) antigen by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

1983

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of 1 subtype of mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) specific for chronic cholestatic inflammatory liver diseases. AMA were detected by ELISA in 16 of 16 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and in 2 of 31 patients with chronic active hepatitis. These 18 positive sera were positive for AMA by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) and by radioimmunoassay (RIA). No AMA were detected by ELISA in 2 patients with the pseudolupus erythematosus syndrome, who were positive for AMA by IF, 2 patients with secondary syphilis, positive for cardiolipin antibodies, 1 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, positive for AMA by I…