Search results for "CIRRHOSIS"
showing 10 items of 964 documents
Prevalence of Autoantibodies to the p53 Protein in Autoimmune Hepatitis
2003
The target antigens of anti-nuclear autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are poorly characterised. Since antibodies to the p53 nuclear protein have been reported in various autoimmune diseases, we have assessed the prevalence of these antibodies in patients with AIH (n = 45), primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 60), hepatitis B (n = 22), hepatitis C (n = 55), and in a control group of subjects with various non-liver diseases (n = 56). A significant proportion of patients with AIH (31%) had elevated levels of autoantibodies to the p53 protein. In contrast, the prevalence of these antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis (8%) and viral hepatitis (6%) was similar to that in the control group…
Extended analysis of a genome-wide association study in primary sclerosing cholangitis detects multiple novel risk loci
2012
Background & Aims: A limited number of genetic risk factors have been reported in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). To discover further genetic susceptibility factors for PSC, we followed up on,a second tier of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Methods: We analyzed 45 SNPs in 1221 PSC cases and 3508 controls. The association results from the replication analysis and the original GWAS (715 PSC cases and 2962 controls) were combined in a meta-analysis comprising 1936 PSC cases and 6470 controls. We performed an analysis of bile microbial community composition in 39 PSC patients by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Seventeen SNPs representing 1…
Age as a Confounding Factor for the Accurate Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Advanced NAFLD Fibrosis
2017
OBJECTIVES Non-invasive fibrosis scores are widely used to identify/exclude advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, these scores were principally developed and validated in patients aged between 35 and 65 years of age. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of age on the performance of non-invasive fibrosis tests in NAFLD. METHODS Patients were recruited from European specialist hepatology clinics. The cohort was divided into five age-based groups: ≤35 (n=74), 36-45 (n=96), 46-55 (n=197), 56-64 (n=191), and ≥65 years (n=76), and the performance of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ratio, fibrosis 4 (F…
Delisting HCV-infected liver transplant candidates who improved after viral eradication: Outcome 2 years after delisting
2018
International audience; BACKGROUNDS & AIMS: Treating patients with decompensated cirrhosis with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy while on the waiting list for liver transplantation results in substantial improvement of liver function allowing 1 in 4 patients to be removed from the waiting list or delisted, as reported in a previous study promoted by the European Liver and Intestine Transplant Association (ELITA). The aim of this study was to report on clinical outcomes of delisted patients, including mortality risk, hepatocellular carcinoma development and clinical decompensation requiring relisting. METHODS: One hundred and forty-two HCV-positive patients on the liver transplant waiti…
Consequences of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Awaiting Li…
2020
Infections in patients with cirrhosis are associated with liver-related complications (LRCs), especially in patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase colonization on infections and LRCs for patients on the wait list and on infections after LT. We retrospectively included 250 of 483 patients with cirrhosis who were placed on the wait list for LT from December 2015 to January 2018. These patients were screened for MRSA or extended spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) at the time of wait-list placement and after LT. Of the patie…
High Cure Rate With 24 Weeks of Daclatasvir-Based Quadruple Therapy in Treatment-Experienced, Null-Responder Patients With HIV/Hepatitis C Virus Geno…
2015
BACKGROUND Few direct anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) agents have been studied in difficult-to-treat null responder and cirrhotic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfected patients. Daclatasvir and asunaprevir combined with pegylated interferon/ribavirin (peg-IFN/RBV) have shown promising results in HCV-monoinfected patients. METHODS An open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study was conducted in HIV/HCV genotype 1/4-coinfected patients who were null responders to prior peg-IFN/RBV standard therapy and on a raltegravir-based regimen with HIV RNA <400 copies/mL. They received a 4-week lead-in phase with peg-IFN/RBV, followed by 24 weeks of asunaprevir (100 mg twice daily), daclatasvir (60 mg once…
Mitochondrial biogenesis fails in secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats leading to mitochondrial DNA depletion and deletions
2011
Chronic cholestasis is characterizedby mitochondrial dysfunction, associated with loss of mitochondrialmembrane potential, decreased activities of respiratory chaincomplexes, and ATP production. Our aim was to determine themolecular mechanisms that link long-term cholestasis to mitochondrialdysfunction. We studied a model of chronic cholestasis inducedby bile duct ligation in rats. Key sensors and regulators of theenergetic state and mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)-to-nuclear DNA (nDNA) ratio (mtDNA/nDNA) relativecopy number, mtDNA deletions, and indexes of apoptosis (BAX,BCL-2, and cleaved caspase 3) and cell proliferation (PCNA) wereevaluated. Our results show that long…
The gene of hepatocyte growth factor is expressed in fat-storing cells of rat liver and is downregulated during cell growth and by transforming growt…
1992
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been detected in non-parenchymal cells but not in hepatocytes. We performed Northern blot analysis of total RNA extracted from rat hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, endothelial cells and fat-storing (Ito-) cells. Total RNA was extracted from fat-storing cells at different times after isolation and from cells treated with different amounts of transforming growth factor beta. The RNA was hybridized with HGF, fibronectin-, and alpha-actin-specific cDNA probes, consecutively. We found an abundant amount of HGF mRNA in freshly isolated fat-storing cells, but not in other liver cells. The amount of the HGF transcripts decreases significantly in FSC during the time of …
Bile duct epithelia as target cells in primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
1997
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are chronic autoimmune-mediated diseases of the biliary tree, resulting in a loss of bile ducts. There are morphological features that clearly distinguish them from each other: in PBC, there is overt destruction of the bile ducts with disruption of the basement membrane; in PSC there is abundant periductular fibrosis with shrinkage and subsequent loss of the bile ducts. In order to see if the disparate histopathology is paralleled by different immunohistology we looked at a panel of epitopes on bile duct epithelia especially to see if biliary epithelial cells may present as targets for cell mediated immune response. In…
Adult to Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Recipients with Low MELD: A Strategy Intended to Overcome Donor Shortage
2020
Recent series have demonstrated advantages of living donor over deceased donor liver transplantation, with particular benefit for those with low model for end-stage liver disease score. The logic underlying the transplantation of patients before they become too sick is intuitive. It reduces mortality and drop outs from the waiting list and makes transplant surgery less demanding. Those principles have to be balanced with donor safety and transplant benefit for the recipient avoiding early, futile transplantation. The authors report a case of adult to adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation performed for a recipient affected by primary biliary cirrhosis with MELD score of 15, in …