Search results for "CLASSIFICATION."

showing 10 items of 29269 documents

Synthesis, computational evaluation and pharmacological assessment of acetylsalicylic esters as anti-inflammatory agents

2019

A convenient approach to the synthesis of alkyl esters of aspirin (ASA-OR) has been developed. The synthesis of ASA-OR has been realized in two steps: (1) direct esterification of salicylic acid with alcohols in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to give alkyl salicylates (SAL-OR); (2) acetylation of SAL-OR with acetyl chloride to yield ASA-OR. Molecular mechanics simulations, performed to calculate the kinetic radii of several ASA-OR, indicated that the pentyl and hexyl acetylsalicylates possess the best properties to cross cell membranes. The in vitro biological tests demonstrate their anti-inflammatory activity, superimposable to that of aspirin. The results of our study suggest th…

medicine.drug_classAcetylsalicylic ester01 natural sciencesAnti-inflammatoryAnti-inflammatory activitychemistry.chemical_compoundAcetyl chlorideAcetylsalicylic acidmedicineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationAspirinAspirin010405 organic chemistryAcetylsalicylic acid; Acetylsalicylic esters; Anti-inflammatory activity; Aspirin; Computational study; Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all); Organic ChemistryOrganic ChemistryCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryMembranechemistryAcetylationPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)Yield (chemistry)Computational studySalicylic acidmedicine.drug
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Targeting Orthosteric and Allosteric Pockets of Aromatase via Dual-Mode Novel Azole Inhibitors

2020

[Image: see text] Breast cancer (BC) is the most diffused cancer type in women and the second leading cause of death among the female population. Effective strategies to fight estrogen responsive (ER+) BC, which represents 70% of all BC cases, rely on estrogen deprivation, via the inhibition of the aromatase enzyme, or the modulation of its cognate estrogen receptor. Current clinical therapies significantly increased patient survival time. Nevertheless, the onset of resistance in metastatic BC patients undergoing prolonged treatments is becoming a current clinical challenge, urgently demanding to devise innovative strategies. In this context, here we designed, synthesized, and performed in …

medicine.drug_classAllosteric regulation01 natural sciencesBiochemistryBreast cancerbreast cancerDrug Discoverymedicinecytochromes P450AromataseCause of deathFemale populationchemistry.chemical_classificationbiology010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industrymolecular dynamicOrganic ChemistryDual modeAromatase inhibitormedicine.diseasemolecular dynamics0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryAromatase inhibitorschemistryEstrogenSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E Inorganicaxanthonebiology.proteinCancer researchAzolebusiness
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Investigations on the Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Triterpenoids fromDiospyros leucomelas*

1995

Three triterpenes were isolated from Diospyros leucomelas and identified as betulin, betulinic acid, and ursolic acid. They showed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan and serotonin paw edema tests and TPA and EPP ear edema tests. The blockade of their effects by progesterone, actinomycin D, and cycloheximide has served to determine the mechanism of action in relationship with that of glucocorticoids. Betulinic acid was the most affected and therefore a mode of action similar to these drugs may be postulated for it.

medicine.drug_classAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceBiologyPharmacognosyPharmacologyAnti-inflammatoryAnalytical ChemistryMicechemistry.chemical_compoundTriterpeneUrsolic acidBetulinic acidDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsBetulinic AcidPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationPlants MedicinalBetulinOrganic ChemistryTriterpenesCarrageenanComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryBiochemistryMechanism of actionMolecular MedicineFemaleSteroidsmedicine.symptomPentacyclic TriterpenesPlanta Medica
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Morelloflavone, a novel biflavonoid inhibitor of human secretory phospholipase A2 with anti-inflammatory activity

1997

Abstract The flavanonylflavone morelloflavone inhibited secretory phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) in vitro , with a high potency on the human recombinant synovial and bee venom enzymes ( IC 50 = 0.9 and 0.6 μM, respectively). The inhibition was apparently irreversible. In contrast, the compound was inactive on cytosolic PLA 2 activity from human monocytes. Morelloflavone scavenged reactive oxygen species generated by human neutrophils ( IC 50 = 2.7 and 1.8 μM for luminol and lucigenin, respectively) but did not modify cellular responses such as degranulation or eicosanoid release. This biflavonoid exerted anti-inflammatory effects in animal models, with a potent inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylp…

medicine.drug_classAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmacologyBiochemistryPhospholipases AAnti-inflammatoryMicePhospholipase A2medicineAnimalsBiflavonoidsHumansEnzyme InhibitorsFlavonoidsPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationPhospholipase ADose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyChemistryDegranulationBiological activityBiflavonoidPhospholipases A2EicosanoidBiochemistryMyeloperoxidaseLuminescent Measurementsbiology.proteinFemaleBiochemical Pharmacology
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Description of an improved method for Blastocystis hominis culture and axenization

1996

An improved method for Blastocystis hominis culture and axenization was developed in the present study. Stool samples were cultured in prereduced Boeck-Drbohlav NHI modified medium (with several modifications) supplemented with antibiotics (0.4% ampicillin, 0.1% streptomycin, 0.0006% amphotericin B). Axenization was performed by the combination of partial purification of B. hominis by Ficoll-metrizoic acid gradient and inoculation in fresh medium containing active antibiotics against remaining bacteria. A total of 25 strains were obtained by this procedure. The time required for axenization ranged between 3 and 5 weeks. The generation time of axenic strains ranged from 6.6 to 12.1 h (mean +…

medicine.drug_classAntibioticsBlastocystis InfectionsMicrobiologyFecesAmpicillinAmphotericin BCentrifugation Density GradientmedicineAnimalsHumansBlastocystis hominisAxenicFecesBlastocystisGeneral VeterinarybiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaInfectious DiseasesStreptomycinInsect ScienceParasitologyCell DivisionBacteriamedicine.drugParasitology Research
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Differential Effects of Antibiotic Therapy on the Structure and Function of Human Gut Microbiota

2013

The human intestinal microbiota performs many essential functions for the host. Antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics (AB), are also known to disturb microbial community equilibrium, thereby having an impact on human physiology. While an increasing number of studies investigate the effects of AB usage on changes in human gut microbiota biodiversity, its functional effects are still poorly understood. We performed a follow-up study to explore the effect of ABs with different modes of action on human gut microbiota composition and function. Four individuals were treated with different antibiotics and samples were taken before, during and after the AB course for all of them. Changes in the…

medicine.drug_classAntibioticslcsh:MedicineGut floradigestive systemMicrobiologyAntibiotic resistanceRNA Ribosomal 16SDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineHumansMicrobiomeMode of actionlcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarybiologyMicrobiotalcsh:RBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialResistomeAnti-Bacterial AgentsGastrointestinal TractMetagenomicsMetagenomelcsh:QResearch ArticleFollow-Up StudiesPLoS ONE
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The affinities of monoclonal antibodies against core antigen of hepatitis B virus

1994

Four monoclonal antibodies generated against the recombinant core antigen of hepatitis B virus are investigated for antigen binding. All exhibit a similar affinity to polystyrene-sorbed antigen but only one of them interacts with native form of HBcAg (an assembled particle) in solution. The presence of 0.1% sodium dodecylsulphate is required for the binding of other three antibodies. The phenomenon can be interpreted as inaccessibility of the corresponding epitopes unless the multimeric antigen structure is disrupted. The core antigen coated on polystyrene is considered as a similar exposed structure.

medicine.drug_classAntibody AffinityBiologyAntibodies Viralmedicine.disease_causeMonoclonal antibodyEpitopeEpitopesMiceAntigenVirologymedicineAnimalsHepatitis B virusHybridomasT-cell receptorAntibodies MonoclonalSodium Dodecyl SulfateGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationHepatitis B Core AntigensVirologyMolecular biologyRecombinant ProteinsHBcAgHepadnaviridaebiology.proteinAntibodyArchives of Virology
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Modular Solid-Phase Synthesis of Antiprotozoal Barnesin Derivatives

2020

Here, we applied and optimized a solid support (SP)-based Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reagent to prepare SP-bound vinylogous amino acids. Subsequent SP-based peptide synthesis, global deprotection, and chemical modifications yielded 14 lipodipeptides carrying vinylogous amino acids, including the natural product barnesin A (1). Biological evaluation revealed that several synthesized derivatives show micromolar to nanomolar inhibitory activity against papain-like cysteine proteases, human cathepsin L, and rhodesain.

medicine.drug_classAntiprotozoal AgentsChemistry Techniques Synthetic010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSolid-phase synthesisPeptide synthesismedicineSolid-Phase Synthesis TechniquesHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolid-Phase Synthesis Techniqueschemistry.chemical_classificationNatural productMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidCysteine EndopeptidaseschemistryReagentAntiprotozoalCysteineOrganic Letters
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Anti-phospholipase A2 and anti-inflammatory activity of Santolina chamaecyparissus

2000

The activity of the Santolina chamaecyparissus methanol extract was tested against the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-induced mouse paw edema and in vitro inhibition of PLA2 activity. After fractionation, only the dichloromethane extract was active against the PLA2 in vitro test. In addition, it reduced the edema induced by arachidonic acid, and by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in a multidose test. After chromatography on silicagel and gel filtration on Sephadex, and using an in vitro anti-PLA2 assay-guided process, we have isolated and identified from the dichloromethane extract the flavone nepetin and four sesquiterpenes.

medicine.drug_classAsteraceaePharmacologyFlavonesPhospholipases AGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAnti-inflammatorySantolina chamaecyparissusMicechemistry.chemical_compoundPhospholipase A2medicineAnimalsEnzyme InhibitorsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsFlavonoidschemistry.chemical_classificationPlants MedicinalbiologyPlant ExtractsChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationIn vitroPhospholipases A2BiochemistrySephadexbiology.proteinFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Arachidonic acidSesquiterpenesNepetinLife Sciences
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An overview of organosulfur compounds from Allium spp.: From processing and preservation to evaluation of their bioavailability, antimicrobial, and a…

2019

The use of Allium species and their extracts has been known since immemorial times due to their health beneficial properties. It is known that functional properties of Allium genus come from the high content of bioactive compounds. The biological activity of Allium extracts will be conditioned by the type of Allium variety, agricultural conditions, and specific extraction process used since all these factors affect the content and the profile of bioactive compounds. Innovative extraction techniques in comparison to conventional processes could be considered as a promising tool to recover bioactive compounds from Allium spp. with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Trying to fill…

medicine.drug_classBiological Availability01 natural sciencesAnti-inflammatoryAlliumAnalytical Chemistry0404 agricultural biotechnologyAnti-Infective AgentsOnionsmedicineAnimalsHumansGarlicSulfur CompoundsbiologyTraditional medicinePlant ExtractsChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-Steroidal010401 analytical chemistryfood and beveragesAgricultureBiological activity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineProcessed garlic ; onion ; leek ; chive ; Bioactive organosulfur compounds ; Antimicrobial ; Anti-inflammatory ; Bioavailabilitybiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobial040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesBioavailabilityFood StorageAlliumOrganosulfur compoundsFood ScienceFood Chemistry
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