Search results for "COD"

Differential Identities and Varieties of Almost Polynomial Growth

2022

Let V be an L-variety of associative L-algebras, i.e., algebras where a Lie algebra L acts on them by derivations, and let c(n)(L) (V), n >= 1, be its Lcodimension sequence. If V is generated by a finite-dimensional L-algebra, then such a sequence is polynomially bounded only if V does not contain UT2, the 2 x 2 upper triangular matrix algebra with trivial L-action, and UT2 epsilon where L acts on UT2 as the 1-dimensional Lie algebra spanned by the inner derivation epsilon induced by e11. In this paper we completely classify all the L-subvarieties of var(L)(UT2) and var(L)(UT2 epsilon) by giving a complete list of finite-dimensional L-algebras generating them.

Genome organization and nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 39

1991

The 7833-bp nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 39 (HPV39), which is associated with genital intraepithelial neoplasias and invasive carcinomas, has been determined. The genome organization deduced from the sequence shares characteristic features with other genital papillomaviruses. According to sequence comparisons, HPV39 most closely resembles HPV18 and may be a member of a subgroup of genital papillomaviruses distinct from the HPV16/31/33 group. As a novel feature, we report a 1.3-kb open reading frame on the DNA strand which lacks major open reading frames in the other sequenced HPV genomes.

Sequence and evolution of the gene for the monomeric globin I and its linkage to genes coding for dimeric globins in the insect Chironomus thummi.

1995

We isolated genomic clones containing sequences encoding globins I and IA from a Chironomus thummi thummi genomic library. Three clones contain globin IA (ctt-1A) genes, while one contains a globin I (ctt-1) gene. The coding regions of the four genes are identical except for the single base substitution accounting for the globin I/IA polymorphism. The noncoding DNA flanking the coding region is more than 98% similar, confirming a previous hypothesis that the globin ctt-1 and ctt-1A genes are alleles. Hemoglobins I and IA are monomeric in the insect hemolymph. Earlier in situ hybridization studies suggested that monomeric and dimeric globin genes are clustered at different chromosomal loci. …

Using DNA barcodes to detect non-indigenous species: the case of the Asian copepod Mesocyclops pehpeiensis Hu, 1943 (Cyclopidae) in two regions of th…

2015

To date, little attention has been paid to analyses of copepods as exotic species. The genusMesocyclops, a freshwater cyclopoid, has a worldwide distribution, but individual species within the genus have a quite restricted geographical range.Mesocyclops pehpeiensisHu, 1943 is a Central-East Asian species, rarely found outside of this area, and when it appears should be considered as non-native. Based on morphology and DNA barcode analyses, using the COI gene, we confirmed records ofM. pehpeiensisin two ponds in Mexico and in a rice paddy near Valencia, Spain. The morphology of this species, based on morphometric analyses, was found to be variable, but DNA barcoding confirmed the same identi…

DNA barcode reference library for Iberian butterflies enables a continental-scale preview of potential cryptic diversity

2015

How common are cryptic species - those overlooked because of their morphological similarity? Despite its wide-ranging implications for biology and conservation, the answer remains open to debate. Butterflies constitute the best-studied invertebrates, playing a similar role as birds do in providing models for vertebrate biology. An accurate assessment of cryptic diversity in this emblematic group requires meticulous case-by-case assessments, but a preview to highlight cases of particular interest will help to direct future studies. We present a survey of mitochondrial genetic diversity for the butterfly fauna of the Iberian Peninsula with unprecedented resolution (3502 DNA barcodes for all 2…

Evaluation of genetic variability and relatedness among eight Centaurea species through CAAT-box derived polymorphism (CBDP) and start codon targeted…

2021

Centaurea is a value-ultimate genus of medicinal plants showing high diversification levels, especially within the Mediterranean basin, and is still traditionally recognized as a complicated taxon. So far, few studies utilizing molecular markers have been done on Centaurea spp. towards a better dissection of its phylogeny and accurate assessment of genetic diversity. Here, two functional marker systems, start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism and CAAT box-derived polymorphism (CBDP), were implemented to assess the genetic diversity between eight wild Centaurea species in Egypt. Seventeen SCoT and 19 CBDP primers generated 197 and 179 bands, respectively. These primers generated 158 (80.2%)…

Low frequency and rare coding variation contributes to multiple sclerosis risk

2018

AbstractMultiple sclerosis is a common, complex neurological disease, where almost 20% of risk heritability can be attributed to common genetic variants, including >230 identified by genome-wide association studies (Patsopoulos et al., 2017). Multiple strands of evidence suggest that the majority of the remaining heritability is also due to the additive effects of individual variants, rather than epistatic interactions between these variants, or mutations exclusive to individual families. Here, we show in 68,379 cases and controls that as much as 5% of this heritability is explained by low-frequency variation in gene coding sequence. We identify four novel genes driving MS risk independe…

2006

Understanding evolutionary processes that drive genome reduction requires determining the tempo (rate) and the mode (size and types of deletions) of gene losses. In this study, we analysed five endosymbiotic genome sequences of the gamma-proteobacteria (three different Buchnera aphidicola strains, Wigglesworthia glossinidia, Blochmannia floridanus) to test if gene loss could be driven by the selective importance of genes. We used a parsimony method to reconstruct a minimal ancestral genome of insect endosymbionts and quantified gene loss along the branches of the phylogenetic tree. To evaluate the selective or functional importance of genes, we used a parameter that measures the level of ad…

Are polymorphisms of the β3 -adrenoceptor gene associated with an altered bladder function?

2012

Aims As the presence of a Trp64Arg polymorphism of the gene encoding the β3-adrenoceptor (B3AR) has been linked to the presence of overactive bladder, we investigated whether additional polymorphisms are detectable in this gene and explore their relationships parameters related to lower urinary tract function. Methods The coding region and adjacent stretches of the B3AR gene was sequenced in 91 patients. In total, 1015 patients from a single academic hospital were genotyped for the presence of two single nucleotide polymorphisms. Symptom scores and parameters from pressure-flow studies were analyzed relative to genotype in the B3AR gene. Results No frequent novel polymorphisms were detected…

The new era of genome sequencing using high-throughput sequencing technology: generation of the first version of the Atlantic cod genome

2016

Abstract The genome of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) published in 2011 was the first example of a teleost genome obtained using a pure high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology strategy, and the first large vertebrate genome generated by exclusively using Roche/454 sequencing technology. At the start of the sequencing project in 2009, two HTS technologies were available, the Roche/454 and Illumina technologies. Because of the longer read length of the Roche/454 technology and a wider range of suitable software utilizing those data at the time, we chose to use this technology for the first version of the Atlantic cod genome. In this chapter, we describe the process leading to the assembly…