Search results for "COD"

showing 10 items of 2985 documents

Relevancia clínica de la selectividad de los inhibidores del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2

2016

Selectivity is the property of a drug to preferentially bind to a biological structure. Most drugs can bind and stimulate or inhibit more than one system. Therefore, it is important that they are selective for the intended site and that the doses used do not have effects on other sites, which could provoke adverse reactions. Selectivity is assessed through in vitro experiments on organs or isolated cells. If the aim is to compare drugs, the experiment should be conducted in the same tissue and with the same design. Even so, the results cannot be directly extrapolated to clinical practice due to the influence of pharmacokinetic properties, which allow an adequate dose of the drug to reach th…

Drugmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subject030209 endocrinology & metabolismTransporterGeneral Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPharmacologyIn vitroSurgery03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsTarget sitePharmacodynamicsBiological structuremedicineSelectivitybusinessmedia_commonMedicina Clínica
researchProduct

Influence of Pigmentation on the Codeine Content of Hair Fibers in Guinea Pigs

1997

Tortoise shell guinea pigs (n = 7) were administered codeine (1 mg/mL codeine-base) in their drinking water for 3 weeks. Black, reddish-brown and white hair was collected separately from each animal before and after treatment. The hair samples were analyzed by GC/MS. The experiment showed positive results for all hair fibers with large individual variability of drug incorporation. Low drug intake resulted in small differences of the drug content in hair fibers different in color, whereas in cases of high drug intake a strong influence of hair pigmentation on the analytical results was observed. The highest drug content was always found in black hair samples, non-pigmented hair showed the lo…

Drugmedicine.medical_specialtymedia_common.quotation_subjectGuinea PigsDrinkingGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPathology and Forensic MedicineGuinea pigAnimal scienceBlack hairotorhinolaryngologic diseasesGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHair Colormedia_commonMelaninsBinding Sitesintegumentary systemCodeineChemistryHair analysisCodeineForensic toxicologyForensic MedicineDermatologysense organsDrug intoxicationGas chromatography–mass spectrometryHairmedicine.drugJournal of Forensic Sciences
researchProduct

Intracellular retention of ABL kinase inhibitors determines commitment to apoptosis in CML cells

2012

PLoS one 7(7), e40853 (2012). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040853

Drugs and DevicesDrug Research and DevelopmentTime Factorsmedicine.drug_classChronic Myeloid LeukemiaIntracellular Spacelcsh:MedicineApoptosisPharmacologyPiperazinesTyrosine-kinase inhibitorHematologic Cancers and Related DisordersCell Line TumorLeukemia Myelogenous Chronic BCR-ABL Positivehemic and lymphatic diseasesLeukemiasmedicineHumansAnnexin A5Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abllcsh:ScienceProtein Kinase InhibitorsMyeloproliferative DisordersMultidisciplinaryABLDose-Response Relationship DrugCaspase 3Chemistrylcsh:RBiological activityImatinibHematologyrespiratory tract diseasesDasatinibKineticsPyrimidinesImatinib mesylatePharmacodynamicsBenzamidesImatinib MesylateMedicineATP-Binding Cassette Transporterslcsh:QDrug Screening Assays AntitumorSignal transductionIntracellularResearch ArticleSignal Transductionmedicine.drug
researchProduct

Toward a Rationale for the PTC124 (Ataluren) Promoted Readthrough of Premature Stop Codons: A Computational Approach and GFP-Reporter Cell-Based Assay

2014

The presence in the mRNA of premature stop codons (PTCs) results in protein truncation responsible for several inherited (genetic) diseases. A well-known example of these diseases is cystic fibrosis (CF), where approximately 10% (worldwide) of patients have nonsense mutations in the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene. PTC124 (3-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid), also known as Ataluren, is a small molecule that has been suggested to allow PTC readthrough even though its target has yet to be identified. In the lack of a general consensus about its mechanism of action, we experimentally tested the ability of PTC124 to promote the readthrough of premature termination c…

Duchenne muscular distrophy (DMD)Protein ConformationNonsense mutationBlotting WesternGreen Fluorescent ProteinsPharmaceutical ScienceCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareBiologyMolecular Dynamics Simulationmedicine.disease_causeReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reactionpremature termination codons (PTC)ArticleGreen fluorescent proteinchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineCoding regionHumansRNA Messengermolecular dynamics (MD)GeneCells CulturedGeneticsnonsense mutation readthroughMessenger RNAMutationOxadiazolesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reactiongreen fluorescent protein (GFP)atalurenSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaStop codonAtalurenSettore BIO/18 - GeneticachemistryCodon NonsenseSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaMutationCodon TerminatorMutagenesis Site-DirectedMolecular MedicineNucleic Acid Conformationcystic fibrosis (CF)oxadiazoleHeLa Cells
researchProduct

Embedded Model Control and dynamic simulation

2006

Embedded model control (EMC) is and end-to-end control technology addressed to industrial engineers and centered on the embedded model, a stylized discrete-time state equation of the whole plant, including environment, communication and computing resources. The embedded model, which is the core of the control unit, is derived and validated from a fine model of the plant which is implemented as a simulator code. The latter acts as a faithful and friendly test-bench where assessing control units before they are loaded into target processor. The paper illustrates the requirements and architecture of the EMC simulator under continuous improvement. A case study closes the paper.

Dynamic simulationModel controlEngineeringStylized factbusiness.industryEmbedded systemControl (management)Code (cryptography)Control unitControl engineeringArchitecturebusiness2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
researchProduct

Vector representation of non-standard spellings using dynamic time warping and a denoising autoencoder

2017

The presence of non-standard spellings in Twitter causes challenges for many natural language processing tasks. Traditional approaches mainly regard the problem as a translation, spell checking, or speech recognition problem. This paper proposes a method that represents the stochastic relationship between words and their non-standard versions in real vectors. The method uses dynamic time warping to preprocess the non-standard spellings and autoencoder to derive the vector representation. The derived vectors encode word patterns and the Euclidean distance between the vectors represents a distance in the word space that challenges the prevailing edit distance. After training the autoencoder o…

Dynamic time warpingArtificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industrySpeech recognition020208 electrical & electronic engineeringPattern recognitionContext (language use)02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesTranslation (geometry)01 natural sciencesAutoencoderEuclidean distance0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEdit distanceArtificial intelligenceHidden Markov modelbusinessWord (computer architecture)0105 earth and related environmental sciences2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)
researchProduct

Trading off accuracy for efficiency by randomized greedy warping

2016

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a widely used distance measure for time series data mining. Its quadratic complexity requires the application of various techniques (e.g. warping constraints, lower-bounds) for deployment in real-time scenarios. In this paper we propose a randomized greedy warping algorithm for finding similarity between time series instances. We show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the simple greedy approach and also provides very good time series similarity approximation consistently, as compared to DTW. We show that the Randomized Time Warping (RTW) can be used in place of DTW as a fast similarity approximation technique by trading some classification accuracy for ve…

Dynamic time warpingSeries (mathematics)Computer sciencebusiness.industryPattern recognitionData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY02 engineering and technologyMeasure (mathematics)TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONSimilarity (network science)Computer Science::Sound020204 information systemsComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligenceImage warpingbusinessGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Computer Science::DatabasesProceedings of the 31st Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
researchProduct

"Table 2" of "Study of the Leptonic Decays of the $Z^0$ Boson"

1990

No t-channel subtraction. Statistical errors only.

E+ E- --> E+ E-4.414E+014.752E+01Electron production88.28-95.04ElasticE+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESCross SectionSIGComputer Science::Information Theory
researchProduct

"Table 1" of "Study of the Leptonic Decays of the $Z^0$ Boson"

1990

E+ E- final state is t-channel subtracted.

E+ E- --> TAU+ TAU-4.414E+014.752E+01Electron production88.28-95.04Integrated Cross SectionE+ E- --> LEPTON+ LEPTON-Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYCross SectionSIGMuon productionE+ E- --> E+ E-ElasticE+ E- --> MU+ MU-E+ E- ScatteringExclusiveHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESTau productionComputer Science::Information Theory
researchProduct

A quasi chemistry-transport model mode for EMAC

2010

Abstract. A quasi chemistry-transport model mode (QCTM) is presented for the numerical chemistry-climate simulation system ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC). It allows for a quantification of chemical signals through suppression of any feedback between chemistry and dynamics. Noise would otherwise interfere too strongly. The signal is calculated from the difference of two QCTM simulations, a reference simulation and a sensitivity simulation. In order to avoid the feedbacks, the simulations adopt the following offline chemical fields: (a) offline mixing ratios of radiatively active substances enter the radiation scheme, (b) offline mixing ratios of nitric acid enter the scheme for re-…

ECHAMEMACSource codeQCTMNoise (signal processing)Chemistrymedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:QE1-996.5Mode (statistics)Computational physicslcsh:GeologyAtmospheric chemistrySensitivity (control systems)Mixing (physics)SimulationWater vapormedia_common
researchProduct