Search results for "COLON"

showing 10 items of 2038 documents

No inbreeding depression but increased sexual investment in highly inbred ant colonies.

2012

Inbreeding can lead to the expression of deleterious recessive alleles and to a subsequent fitness reduction. In Hymenoptera, deleterious alleles are purged in haploid males moderating inbreeding costs. However, in these haplodiploid species, inbreeding can result in the production of sterile diploid males. We investigated the effects of inbreeding on the individual and colony level in field colonies of the highly inbred ant Hypoponera opacior. In this species, outbreeding winged sexuals and nest-mating wingless sexuals mate during two separate reproductive periods. We show that regular sib-matings lead to high levels of homozygosity and the occasional production of diploid males, which spo…

GeneticsMalePopulation fragmentationAntsOutbreeding depressionReproductionfungiHomozygoteGenetic purgingZoologyHymenopteraBiologyAnt colonybiology.organism_classificationSexual Behavior AnimalGeneticsHaplodiploidyInbreeding depressionAnimalsBody SizeFemaleInbreedingInbreedingEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMicrosatellite RepeatsMolecular ecology
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Colonization of America by Drosophila subobscura: association between Odh gene haplotypes, lethal genes and chromosomal arrangements.

2004

The colonization of America by Drosophila subobscura has been a unique exper iment in nature that has allowed us to explore the effects of evolution on a continental scale. To analyze this evolutionary event, nucleotide sequences of the Odh (Octanol dehydrogenase) gene were obtained for 43 lethal chromosomal lines from colonizing populations of North America and 5 from South America, in addition to 5 chromosomal lines from Europe with different viabilities and 2 from laboratory marker stocks. Since 10 different Odh haplotypes were found in America, the minimum number of colonizers would be 5 (or 3 mated females). Only one Odh haplotype was found in American O(5) inversions confirming that o…

Geneticseducation.field_of_studyPopulationHaplotypeChromosomeGeneral MedicineBiologyDrosophila subobscuraChromosomesAlcohol OxidoreductasesHaplotypesGeneticsLethal alleleAnimalsColonizationOctanol dehydrogenaseDrosophilaGenes LethaleducationMolecular BiologyGeneGenesgenetic systems
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Simultaneous Aurora-A/STK15 overexpression and centrosome amplification induce chromosomal instability in tumour cells with a MIN phenotype

2007

Abstract Background Genetic instability is a hallmark of tumours and preneoplastic lesions. The predominant form of genome instability in human cancer is chromosome instability (CIN). CIN is characterized by chromosomal aberrations, gains or losses of whole chromosomes (aneuploidy), and it is often associated with centrosome amplification. Centrosomes control cell division by forming a bipolar mitotic spindle and play an essential role in the maintenance of chromosomal stability. However, whether centrosome amplification could directly cause aneuploidy is not fully established. Also, alterations in genes required for mitotic progression could be involved in CIN. A major candidate is represe…

Genome instabilityCancer ResearchCellular differentiationAneuploidyApoptosisCell CommunicationSpindle ApparatusBiologyProtein Serine-Threonine Kinaseslcsh:RC254-282Aurora KinasesChromosome instabilityChromosomal InstabilitymedicineTumor Cells CulturedGeneticsHumansRNA Small InterferingMitosisIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceAurora Kinase ACentrosomePloidiesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionAurora-A centrosomes amplification aneuploidyCell Differentiationlcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.diseaseAneuploidyCell biologySpindle apparatusUp-RegulationSettore BIO/18 - GeneticaCell Transformation NeoplasticPhenotypeMicroscopy FluorescenceOncologyCentrosomeColonic NeoplasmsEctopic expressionMicrosatellite InstabilityResearch ArticleBMC Cancer
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Identification of subdominant sourdough lactic acid bacteria and their evolution during laboratory-scale fermentations

2007

Abstract Presumptive lactic acid bacterial cocci were found in six sourdoughs (out of 20) from the Abruzzo region (central Italy) and subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization. A total of 21 isolates, recognized as seven strains by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) typing, were identified by a polyphasic approach, consisting of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, multiplex PCR assays and physiological features, as Enterococcus faecium and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Four strains belonging to those species and previously isolated from wheat kernels were inoculated in sterile flour to verify their capacity to grow in sourdough environment. Doughs with s…

GenotypeColony Count MicrobialLactobacillus sanfranciscensisMicrobiologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityRNA Ribosomal 16Sco-fermentazioni batteri lattici sottodominantiMultiplex polymerase chain reactionPediococcusTypingPhylogenybiologyfood and beveragesBreadHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationRandom Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueRAPDLactic acidLactobacillusRNA BacterialPhenotypechemistryFermentationFood MicrobiologyFermentationEnterococcusBacteriaFood ScienceEnterococcus faeciumFood Microbiology
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Fonctions de la dystopie en contexte postcolonial

2023

Cette conférence visait à démontrer le caractère politique de la dystopie en s'appuyant sur la notion de "présentisme" (Hartog), de "littérature d'intervention" (Gefen) et sur l'idée qu'il y a une "repolitisation" de la littérature contemporaine (Besson, Gefen). Après une exploration du caractère éminemment réaliste du genre, quelques exemples ont été abordés: la trilogie "Maddaddam" de Margaret Atwood; quelques dystopies sud-africaines: "Moxyland" (L. Beukes), "Green Valley" (L. Greenberg) et le diptyque "North" et "South" de F. Owen.

Genres littéraires[SHS.LITT] Humanities and Social Sciences/LiteratureEngagementLittératures de l'imaginaireLittératures postcoloniales[SHS] Humanities and Social SciencesDystopie
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Colonización territorial, razón ilustrada y particularidades valencianas en la nueva población de Benadressa (Castelló de la Plana)

2008

El presente artículo analiza la proyección de una nueva población en el interior de la Plana de Castelló (N. del País Valenciano), un proceso de colonización territorial realizado al amparo de la reposición del denominado Fuero o Privilegio Alfonsino (segunda mitad del s.XVIII). El ejemplo de Benadressa permite comprender las complejas relaciones de poder e ideología que se dieron en este tipo de planes, de iniciativa privada pero insertados plenamente en el proyecto económico y territorial de la Ilustración. A su vez, se trata de un capítulo más de las profundas transformaciones sufridas por la Plana de Castelló en la Edad Moderna, principalmente basadas en el avance de la superficie culti…

Geografía FísicaUNESCO::HISTORIAGeografía18th centurySiglo XVIIICastelló de la PlanaTerritorial colonisationGeociencias. Medio ambienteGrupo BColonización del territorio:HISTORIA [UNESCO]Fuero alfonsino
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Le due Algeri di Pontecorvo: spazi sociali nella lotta all’indipendenza

2021

Nel breve saggio si riflette sul ruolo del cinema come mezzo capace di mostrare lo spazio come luogo di lotta politica. Attraverso l’ascolto e la narrazione degli “attori” locali, nell’elaborazione dei loro pensieri, si è costruito il film ma anche una metodologia della ricerca. Pontecorvo affronta il tema della violenza mostrandone tutti i lati oscuri, ne ricostruisce l’escalation senza dimenticare che il centro della storia è la resistenza anticoloniale. Su queste basi, il saggio, mostra come lo spazio di Algeri sia frammentato in due (colonizzatori e colonizzati) e come la lotta sfrutti le caratteristiche topologiche della città

Geography (General)GF1-900Human ecology. AnthropogeographyPostcolonial Geography cinema Urban StudiesG1-922
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The Spanish Creation of the Philippines: The Birth of a Nation

2017

This chapter examines the human background of the country from its early settlement to the end of the Spanish colonial era. Different theories have been presented to explain the initial settlement of the country. The Austronesian societies developed a social structure and patterns of commerce that were not completely erased by the Spanish colonization following the discovery travels of Magellan and others, and the conquest of the islands by Legazpi in the sixteenth century. Spanish control meant the imposition of the Catholic Church as a powerful element of organization in the countryside, and the development of cities following colonial Spanish guidelines. Manila was central to a large mar…

GeographyAncient historyRural areaElement (criminal law)ChinaColonialismSettlement (litigation)Trade networkCONQUEST
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L’intervisibilità. Analisi del paesaggio nella chora della colonia greca di Himera

2016

This study focuses on the analysis of the landscape in the territory of the colony of Himera. In particular, this work is inspired by a detailed examination conducted on the basis of parametric modelling, which has helped us to understand what factors (pedology, altimetry, geology, supply basins, etc.) had an effect in the settlement choices of the Imerese territory during the Colonial Age. We analysed the role intervisibility had between sites in the organisation of the landscape. By avoiding a deterministic logic, we intersected the data from previous surveys on the development of predictive models with the archaeological data, formulating hypotheses on the role that the main settlements …

GeographyHuman settlementEconomic managementParametric modellingPedologySettlement (litigation)ColonialismArchaeologyMulti-, inter- and transdisciplinary research in Landscape Archaeology
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Distribution and abundance patterns of a newly colonizing species in Tunisian oases: the Common Blackbird Turdus merula

2003

We investigated distribution and abundance patterns of a recently arrived species in the oases of southern Tunisia: the Common Blackbird Turdus merula. In this system, we expected that the vegetation structure and geographical locations of oases would have played an important part in shaping the patterns of oasis occupancy and local abundance. Using data collected at 53 oases during two breeding seasons, we found that Blackbird occurrence in a given oasis depended mainly on its presence at neighbouring oases. However, vegetation structure did not prove to be a relevant predictor of Blackbird occurrence. Within occupied oases, local abundance was associated with vegetation structure, namely …

GeographyOccupancyEcologybusiness.industryAbundance (ecology)Biological dispersalDistribution (economics)Animal Science and ZoologyColonizationVegetationHerbaceous plantbusinessEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsIbis
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