Search results for "COMPETITION"
showing 10 items of 1409 documents
Stable isotope analysis reveals trophic segregation between the invasive zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the native duck mussel Anodonta anatin…
2022
AbstractNon-indigenous freshwater bivalves negatively affect invaded ecosystems through different mechanisms, including inter-specific competition for trophic resources. Here, we investigated in Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) the diet of the invasive Dreissena polymorpha and the native Anodonta anatina. δ15N and δ13C stable isotopes were measured in winter and summer in bivalves, phytoplankton, and sedimentary organic matter (SOM); the relative dietary contributions of the two resources were determined using Bayesian mixing models. To elucidate the different carbon and nitrogen pools characterizing the study site, isotopic analyses were extended to zooplankton and to representatives of the …
Higher Education Internationalization: The Erasmus-Mundus network added value
2014
International audience; Higher education internationalization can play a major role in developing universities and students' capacities and their opportunities broadly throughout the world. Irrespective of contextual differences within and between countries, nearly all higher education institutions worldwide are engaged in international activities and are seeking to expand them. Engaging with the world is now considered part of the definition of quality in education and research. However, with the current crisis, possible tensions and counter reactions to the development of the internationalization can occur, such as an imminent resistance to a supposed denationalizing effect of internation…
Analysing and modelling the effect of nitrogen competition in weed regulation.
2020
Reducing the use of herbicide and mineral fertilizers is crucial to develop sustainable cropping systems. Such changes might result in an increased weed flora as well as intensify competition for resources, particularly nitrogen, between crops and weeds. The aim of this thesis was to analyze and model (via the mechanistic crop model FLORSYS) the key processes underlying nitrogen competition, in order to determine if changes in nitrogen fertilization techniques and cultivar choice could promote biological weed regulation.At the beginning of the thesis, the FLORSYS model (which simulates the effects of cropping systems in interaction with pedoclimate on weed dynamics) only included light comp…
General Equilibrium Models of Monopolistic Competition: CRRA Versus CARA
2005
We analyze a class of "large group" Chamberlinian monopolistic competition models using multiplicatively quasi-separable (MQS) and additively quasi-separable (AQS) functions. We first prove that the MQS and AQS functions are equivalent to the "constant relative risk aversion" (CRRA) and "constant absolute risk aversion" (CARA) classes of functions, respectively. Whereas both approaches allow for closed-form solutions, only the AQS functions yield profit-maximizing prices that decrease in the mass of competing firms. We then characterize the equilibrium in both cases and discuss some possible applications of the AQS framework to trade, growth, and development.
Transformacja Polskiego Związku Łowieckiego w świetle ewolucji modelu łowiectwa w Polsce
2020
The Polish Hunting Association is a nationwide organization of Polish hunters and hunting clubs, whose traditions date back to the interwar period. This study presents the genesis and evolution of the Polish Hunting Association, which, in the wake of social and political changes in the country, has been transformed from a voluntary association into a monopolistic and compulsory-membership organization, which is to carry out tasks commissioned by public authorities. Additionally, as a result of further amendments, the Association has been transformed into a governmental agency, organizationally subordinated to the minister of the environment also in the scope of appointing its high-rank staf…
The role of post-natal ontogeny in the evolution of phenotypic diversity in Podarcis lizards
2011
Understanding the role of the developmental pathways in shaping phenotypic diversity allows appreciating in full the processes influencing and constraining morphological change. Podarcis lizards demonstrate extraordinary morphological variability that likely originated in short evolutionary time. Using geometric morphometrics and a broad suite of statistical tests, we explored the role of developmental mechanisms such as growth rate change, ontogenetic divergence ⁄ convergence ⁄ parallelism as well as morphological expression of heterochronic processes in mediating the formation of their phenotypic diversity during the post-natal ontogeny. We identified hypermorphosis – the prolongation of …
Housing Memories in Riga: WWI and Its Aftermath—Representation of the Apartment in Soviet Cinema and Now
2020
Geography of film provides information on new historiographic perspectives in architecture, space and the imagination of urban environment. This chapter contributes to the field of human geography by conducting a content analysis of a vast number of films made between the early 1910s and present time focusing on development and spatial organization of living spaces in Riga. The research elucidates the construction of meaning of space and housing memory, where relations of dominance is defined and contested in visual representation of Riga’s apartments. A qualitative research methodology was used based on best practices of human geography data transcription and coding. The main findings show…
A label compression method for online multi-label classification
2018
Abstract Many modern applications deal with multi-label data, such as functional categorizations of genes, image labeling and text categorization. Classification of such data with a large number of labels and latent dependencies among them is a challenging task, and it becomes even more challenging when the data is received online and in chunks. Many of the current multi-label classification methods require a lot of time and memory, which make them infeasible for practical real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a fast linear label space dimension reduction method that transforms the labels into a reduced encoded space and trains models on the obtained pseudo labels. Additionally…
Multicriteria decision support in a technology competition for cleaning polluted soil in Helsinki
2000
Due to expansion of the capital area in Finland, industrial areas are being replanned for residential and commercial use. The soil in these areas is sometimes contaminated, and must therefore be cleaned before building. In spring 1997 the City of Helsinki and the National Technology Agency of Finland declared a contract-based competition for cleaning the polluted soil of the planned Toukolanranta residential area. Nine proposals entered the competition, and the problem was to choose three best candidates for test-cleaning a small part of the region considered. The winner of the test-cleaning phase will get the contract for cleaning the whole area. The proposals were evaluated based on five …
Visitor arrivals forecasts amid COVID-19: A perspective from the Africa team
2021
Abstract COVID-19 disrupted international tourism worldwide, subsequently presenting forecasters with a challenging conundrum. In this competition, we predict international arrivals for 20 destinations in two phases: (i) Ex post forecasts pre-COVID; (ii) Ex ante forecasts during and after the pandemic up to end 2021. Our results show that univariate combined with cross-sectional hierarchical forecasting techniques (THieF-ETS) outperform multivariate models pre-COVID. Scenarios were developed based on judgemental adjustment of the THieF-ETS baseline forecasts. Analysts provided a regional view on the most likely path to normal, based on country-specific regulations, macroeconomic conditions,…