Search results for "COMPOUND"
showing 10 items of 35174 documents
Characterization of choline efflux from the perfused heart at rest and after muscarine receptor activation.
1986
The resting efflux of choline from perfused chicken hearts varied from 0.4 to 2.6 nmol/g min, but was constant for at least 80 min in the individual experiments. The rate of choline efflux was found to be equal to the rate of choline formation in the heart, which, from the following reasons, was essentially due to hydrolysis of choline phospholipids. Cardiac content of choline phospholipids (7,200 nmol/g) was much higher than that of acetylcholine (5.5 nmol/g). Resting release of acetylcholine was 0.016 nmol/g min and, after inhibition of cholinesterase, only about 0.1 nmol/g min. Resting efflux of choline was reduced by mepacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, by perfusion with a Ca2+-free…
The induction of hepatic microsomal metabolism in rats following acute administration of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls.
1976
Abstract Firemaster BP6, a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), was administered to female Sprague-Dawley rats (170–180 g) as a single ip injection at 25 and 150 mg/kg. Other animals received phenobarbital (PB), 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), or PB and 3MC together. Animals were killed at intervals of 12, 24, 48, 192, and 336 hr after treatment with PBBs, or 24 hr after PB, MC, or PB-MC, and various hepatic microsomal parameters were measured. After 150 mg/kg of PBBs, cytochrome P450 concentrations reached a maximum by 48 hr (225% of control), then remained elevated through 336 hr. A similar pattern of induction was observed for epoxide hydratase and aniline hydroxylase activities. In c…
Differential regulation of interleukin-6 expression in human fibroblasts by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lymphotoxin.
1990
The treatment of human diploid fibroblasts with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and with lymphotoxin (LT) is associated with induction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) transcripts with TNF-alpha being 10-fold more potent than LT. Here we report on the TNF-alpha/LT-induced signaling mechanisms responsible for the regulation of IL-6 gene expression in these cells. Run-on assays demonstrated that both TNF-alpha and LT increase IL-6 mRNA levels by transcriptional activation of this gene. Stability studies of IL-6 transcripts in fibroblasts showed that TNF-alpha delayed IL-6 mRNA decay but not LT. The induction of IL-6 transcripts by TNF-alpha and LT was not inhibited by the isoquinoline sulfonamide de…
Elimination of hexamethylene diisocyanate cross-linked polypeptides in patients with normal or impaired renal function
1978
Infusions of 3.5% isocyanate cross-linked polypeptide solution 500 ml were given to 52 patients with normal or impaired renal function: glomerular filtration rate (GFR)=0–133 ml/min. The serum concentration and urinary excretion of hydroxyproline were measured and the equivalent polypeptide concentrations were calculated from the results. In patients with normal renal function (GFR>90 ml/min) the proportion of polypeptide excreted in the urine up to 12 h was 45.4±2.6% ( $$\bar X$$ ±SEM), up to 24 h 47.7±2.9% and up to 48 h 49.3±3.4%. In patients with moderate renal insufficiency (GFR=30–90 ml/min) there was no decrease in polypeptide excretion and even in patients with more serious impairme…
A decade of trials of interferon-alpha for chronic hepatitis C. A meta-regression analysis
2003
The most relevant randomized controlled trials of interferon-alpha (IFN) for naive patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) published in a decade, just before appearance of pegylated IFN trials in 2000, were included in this paper. Its purpose is to review the relationship between sustained biochemical response in active versus control group versus usual clinical variables as IFN regimens, cirrhosis, genotype and versus less frequently addressed variables as funding, methodological quality or location of principal author. Meta-analysis estimates of global treatment effect varied according to trial design: group 1=IFN versus placebo/no treatment, 32 RCTs, 2499 pts, OR 9.5 (6.3-14.2); group 2a…
The effects of transdermal testosterone and oestrogen therapy on dry eye in postmenopausal women: a randomised, placebo-controlled, pilot study
2016
Aims Sex hormones could provide a future treatment avenue for dry eye post menopause. However, there are few well-controlled studies. This study investigates the impact of testosterone and oestrogen on dry eye symptoms and signs in postmenopausal women. Methods A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted involving 40 women with dry eye (age 63.9±5.1 years, 13.2±6.3 years post menopause). Ten women were assigned to each of four treatment groups: transdermal testosterone, oestradiol, testosterone/oestradiol combination and placebo. Assessment at baseline and after 8 weeks: ocular symptoms, tear osmolarity, tear stability, tear secretion, meibomian gland assessment, …
Chick embryo retina development in vitro: the effect of insulin.
1995
In this paper we study the development of chick embryo retina cultured in vitro and the effects exerted by insulin. Retinas were removed from 7-day embryos and cultured in serum- and hormone-free medium for 7 additional days. Under these conditions retinal cells survived and underwent cholinergic differentiation, as previously ascertained by Hausman et al. (Dev. Brain Res., 1991, 59: 31-37). However, a great retardation of development was noted compared to uncultured control, 14-day retina. In fact both wet weight and DNA and protein content increased much slower than in ovo and the tubulin content decreased below even the starting value. In addition, although after 7 days in culture retina…
Influence of cold ischemia time on complement activation, neopterin, and cytokine release in liver transplantation.
2004
The aim of this study was to determine whether a cold ischemia time (CIT) of12 hours influences the activation of complement as well as the plasma concentrations of neopterin, interleukin (IL)-6, or IL-8 in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Eighteen consecutive patients undergoing OLT using a veno-venous bypass technique were divided into 2 groups: duration of CIT12 hours (group 1; n = 11), and CIT12 hours (group 2; n = 7). Blood samples were drawn preoperatively, 1 minute before, and 120 minutes after reperfusion.Preoperatively, complement split products, neopterin, IL-6, and IL-8 levels did not differ between the groups. At 120 minutes after reperfusion, the concentrations of C3a, SC…
Localization of the bradykinin B2 receptor in uterus, bladder and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
1997
Kinins are biologically active peptides that act through specific receptors, B1 and B2. Here we describe the localization of the bradykinin B2 receptor in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and in the uterus and urinary bladder of rat or human origin. We discuss the suitability of anti-peptide antibodies to assess the tissue distribution of bradykinin B2 receptors.
Rationale and design of the Dapagliflozin after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (DapaTAVI) randomized trial.
2021
Aims Despite aortic stenosis (AS) relief, patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are at increased risk of developing heart failure (HF) within first months of intervention. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of HF hospitalization in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on outcomes after TAVI is unknown. The Dapagliflozin after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (DapaTAVI) trial is designed to assess the clinical benefit and safety of the SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients …