Search results for "COMPRESSION"

showing 10 items of 774 documents

Cancer chemotherapy in the older cancer patient.

2009

This article reviews the principles of systemic cancer treatment in older individuals. These include: assessment of physiologic age with a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), adjustment of chemotherapy doses to the patient's renal function, and prevention of myelotoxicity with hemopoietic growth factors. Other complications that become more common with age include mucositis, peripheral neuropathy and cardiomyopathy. Two chronic complications of chemotherapy become more common with age, including myelodysplasia and chronic cardiomyopathy. The goal of systemic cancer treatment in the older person should include prolongation of active life-expectancy and compression of morbidity in addit…

Nephrologymedicine.medical_specialtyAgingSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentCardiomyopathySystemic treatmentAntineoplastic AgentsKidneyMedical OncologyPatient Care PlanningElderlyLife ExpectancyInternal medicineNeoplasmsmedicineMucositisChemotherapyHumansIntensive care medicineGeriatric AssessmentCancerAgedAged 80 and overChemotherapybusiness.industryKidney metabolismCancermedicine.diseasePeripheral neuropathyTreatment OutcomeOncologyCompression of morbiditybusinessUrologic oncology
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Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

2020

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating neurologic condition with tremendous socioeconomic impact on affected individuals and the health care system. The treatment of SCI principally includes surgical treatment and marginal pharmacologic and rehabilitation therapies targeting secondary events with minor clinical improvements. This unsuccessful result mainly reflects the complexity of SCI pathophysiology and the diverse biochemical and physiologic changes that occur in the injured spinal cord. Once the nervous system is injured, cascades of cellular and molecular events are triggered at varying times. Although the cascade of tissue reactions and cell injury develops over a period of days …

Nervous systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCordmedicine.medical_treatmentSpinal cord injuryRegenerative MedicineMesenchymal Stem Cell TransplantationNeuroprotection03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeural Stem CellsGlyburideGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactormedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIntensive care medicineErythropoietinSpinal cord injurySpinal Cord InjuriesNeuronal PlasticityRehabilitationCombination treatmentsHepatocyte Growth Factorbusiness.industryNeurological RehabilitationDecompression SurgicalSpinal cordmedicine.diseaseNeuroregenerationNeuroprotectionClinical trialFibroblast Growth FactorsClinical trialmedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsSurgeryNeuroregenerationSchwann CellsNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStem Cell TransplantationWorld Neurosurgery
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Bandwidth Resource Management for Neural Signal Telemetry

2009

Recent advances in modern neurocomputing have shown the utmost necessity of wireless communication systems that allow real-time (RT) monitoring of neural signals meeting several requirements such as source compression and high fidelity of the received signal. Neural recordings require multielectrode probes with up to hundreds of electrodes and transmission of signals wirelessly over a limited bandwidth (BW). In this paper, a RT resource management algorithm is proposed so that adequate source compression is applied to each channel in order to fit them into the available BW. Performance of the algorithm is analyzed using dynamically changing BW and neural recordings with different neural act…

NeuronsComputer scienceModels NeurologicalReal-time computingSignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral MedicineSignalRatsComputer Science ApplicationsBandwidth allocationTransmission (telecommunications)Bandwidth (computing)AnimalsTelemetryResource allocationAlgorithm designElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAlgorithmsCells CulturedMonitoring PhysiologicBiotechnologyData compressionCommunication channelIEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
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Data Compression with ENO Schemes: A Case Study

2001

Abstract We study the compresion properties of ENO-type nonlinear multiresolution transformations on digital images. Specific error control algorithms are used to ensure a prescribed accuracy. The numerical results reveal that these methods strongly outperform the more classical wavelet decompositions in the case of piecewise smooth geometric images.

Nonlinear systemDigital imageWaveletTheoretical computer scienceApplied MathematicsMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPiecewiseError detection and correctionAlgorithmComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSMathematicsData compressionApplied and Computational Harmonic Analysis
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Signal Denoising with Harten’s Multiresolution Using Interpolation and Least Squares Fitting

2014

Harten’s multiresolution has been successfully applied to the signal compression using interpolatory reconstructions with nonlinear techniques. Here we study the applicability of these techniques to remove noise to piecewise smooth signals. We use two reconstruction types: interpolatory and least squares, and we introduce ENO and SR nonlinear techniques. The standard methods adaptation to noisy signals and the comparative of the different schemes are the subject of this paper.

Nonlinear systemNoise (signal processing)Computer scienceNoise reductionPiecewiseSignal compressionSignalLeast squaresAlgorithmInterpolation
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Visual information flow in Wilson-Cowan networks.

2020

In this paper, we study the communication efficiency of a psychophysically tuned cascade of Wilson-Cowan and divisive normalization layers that simulate the retina-V1 pathway. This is the first analysis of Wilson-Cowan networks in terms of multivariate total correlation. The parameters of the cortical model have been derived through the relation between the steady state of the Wilson-Cowan model and the divisive normalization model. The communication efficiency has been analyzed in two ways: First, we provide an analytical expression for the reduction of the total correlation among the responses of a V1-like population after the application of the Wilson-Cowan interaction. Second, we empiri…

Normalization (statistics)PhysiologyComputer scienceComputationPopulationModels Biological050105 experimental psychologyRetina03 medical and health sciencesWilson–Cowan equations0302 clinical medicineMulti-informationtotal correlationHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesVisual PathwaysEfficient coding hypothesisEfficient representation principleeducationVisual Cortexeducation.field_of_studyNormalization modelGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesUnivariateFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology - Neurons and CognitionDivisive normalizationVisual PerceptionNeurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)Total correlationNeural Networks ComputerNerve NetAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryImage compressionJournal of neurophysiology
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Testing the effects of pre-processing on voxel based morphometry analysis

2015

Voxel based morphometry (VBM) is an automated analysis technique which allows voxel-wise comparison of mainly grey-matter volumes between two magnetic resonance images (MRI). Two main analysis processes in VBM are possible. One is cross-sectional data analysis, where one group is compared with another to depict see the regions in the brain, which show changes in their grey-matter volume. Second is longitudinal data analysis, where MRIs, taken at different time points, are compared to see the regions in the brain that show changes in their grey matter volume for one time point with respect to another time point. Both types of analyses require pre-processing steps before performing the statis…

Normalization (statistics)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionMagnetic resonance imagingVoxel-based morphometryGrey matterMagnetic Resonance ImagingCross-Sectional Studiesmedicine.anatomical_structureImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansPreprocessorComputer visionArtificial intelligenceGray MatterTime pointPsychologybusinessSmoothingVolume (compression)2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)
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Detector-electrode for alpha spectrometry in water sample, numerical and early feasibility investigation toward thermocompression bonding assembly pr…

2020

International audience; This study focuses on the feasibility of a detector-electrode for direct alpha measurement in aqueous samples. Such a device could be made by adding a boron doped diamond electrode on top of a standard silicon detector, with bonding and insulating layers. The impact of these different layers has been investigated by Monte-Carlo simulation (MCNP6), to find a compromise between alpha detection of the silicon, electrode and shielding properties of the diamond. The assembly process involving thermocompression between both substrates was successfully achieved under a clean room conditions.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAlpha particle spectrometrySilicon detectorSiliconElectrodechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyChemical vapor depositionMonte-Carlo simulationCVD diamondengineering.materialCVD diamond Electrode[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesThermocompression bonding0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]InstrumentationPhysicsAqueous solution010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorDiamondThermocompression bonding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryElectrodeElectromagnetic shieldingengineeringOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Can one ever prove that neutrinos are Dirac particles?

2017

According to the "Black Box" theorem the experimental confirmation of neutrinoless double beta decay ($0 \nu 2 \beta$) would imply that at least one of the neutrinos is a Majorana particle. However, a null $0 \nu 2 \beta$ signal cannot decide the nature of neutrinos, as it can be suppressed even for Majorana neutrinos. In this letter we argue that if the null $0 \nu 2 \beta$ decay signal is accompanied by a $0 \nu 4 \beta$ quadruple beta decay signal, then at least one neutrino should be a Dirac particle. This argument holds irrespective of the underlying processes leading to such decays.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear TheoryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear Theory (nucl-th)symbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Double beta decay0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsDirac (video compression format)Null (mathematics)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBeta decaylcsh:QC1-999MAJORANAHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDirac fermionsymbolsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinolcsh:Physics
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What can we learn from neutrinoless double beta decay experiments?

2004

We assess how well next generation neutrinoless double beta decay and normal neutrino beta decay experiments can answer four fundamental questions. 1) If neutrinoless double beta decay searches do not detect a signal, and if the spectrum is known to be inverted hierarchy, can we conclude that neutrinos are Dirac particles? 2) If neutrinoless double beta decay searches are negative and a next generation ordinary beta decay experiment detects the neutrino mass scale, can we conclude that neutrinos are Dirac particles? 3) If neutrinoless double beta decay is observed with a large neutrino mass element, what is the total mass in neutrinos? 4) If neutrinoless double beta decay is observed but ne…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Double beta decay0103 physical sciencesMass scaleNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillationNuclear ExperimentPhysicsMass element010308 nuclear & particles physicsDirac (video compression format)Astrophysics (astro-ph)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBeta decayHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyAstronomiaHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoMass hierarchy
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