Search results for "COMPUTATION"

showing 10 items of 7362 documents

gNOMO: a multi-omics pipeline for integrated host and microbiome analysis of non-model organisms

2020

The study of bacterial symbioses has grown exponentially in the recent past. However, existing bioinformatic workflows of microbiome data analysis do commonly not integrate multiple meta-omics levels and are mainly geared toward human microbiomes. Microbiota are better understood when analyzed in their biological context; that is together with their host or environment. Nevertheless, this is a limitation when studying non-model organisms mainly due to the lack of well-annotated sequence references. Here, we present gNOMO, a bioinformatic pipeline that is specifically designed to process and analyze non-model organism samples of up to three meta-omics levels: metagenomics, metatranscriptomic…

AcademicSubjects/SCI01140AcademicSubjects/SCI01060DATABASEComputer scienceAcademicSubjects/SCI00030Context (language use)Standard ArticleComputational biologycomputer.software_genreAcademicSubjects/SCI0118003 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesMicrobiomeOrganism030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesCHALLENGESSTABILITYGUT MICROBIOTABiology and Life SciencesPipeline (software)WorkflowPERSPECTIVESMetagenomicsMetaproteomicsAcademicSubjects/SCI00980METAPROTEOMICSCorrigendumcomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryData integrationNAR Genomics and Bioinformatics
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Between Interactions and Aggregates: The PolyQ Balance

2021

Abstract Polyglutamine regions (polyQ) are highly abundant consecutive runs of glutamine residues. They have been generally studied in relation to the so-called polyQ-associated diseases, characterized by protein aggregation caused by the expansion of the polyglutamine tract via a CAG-slippage mechanism. However, more than 4800 human proteins contain a polyQ, and only 9 of these regions are known to be associated with disease. Computational sequence studies and experimental structure determinations are completing a more interesting picture in which polyQ emerge as a motif for modulation of protein-protein interactions. But long polyQ regions may lead to an excess of interactions, and produc…

AcademicSubjects/SCI01140AcademicSubjects/SCI01130aggregationCAG-expansion diseasesContext (language use)Computational biologyReviewPolyglutamine tractBiologyProtein aggregationProtein–protein interactionhomorepeatprotein–protein interactionCodon usage biasGeneticsHumansPeptidesHuman proteinspolyglutamineEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsFunction (biology)Sequence (medicine)Genome Biology and Evolution
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Characterization and Tuning of Ultra High Gradient Permanent Magnet Quadrupoles

2009

The application of quadrupole devices with high field gradients and small apertures requires precise control over higher order multipole field components. We present a new scheme for performance control and tuning, which allows the illumination of most of the quadrupole device aperture because of the reduction of higher order field components. Consequently, the size of the aperture can be minimized to match the beam size achieving field gradients of up to $500\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{T}\text{ }{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at good imaging quality. The characterization method based on a Hall probe measurement and a Fourier analysis was confirmed using the high quality electron beam at the M…

Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)electron beamNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorscompactmagneticlensPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)AperturemultipoleFOS: Physical sciencespermanenthalbachx-felNuclear magnetic resonancetuningquadrupolelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityQuadrupole magnetMicrotronPhysicsOrder (ring theory)Surfaces and InterfacesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)beam focusingComputational physicsMagnetQuadrupolelcsh:QC770-798Physics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics - Accelerator PhysicsMultipole expansion
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Acetogenins from Annonaceae: Recent Progress in Isolation, Synthesis and Mechanisms of Action

2005

Covering: the literature from 1998 to 2004 The aim of the present review is to summarise the knowledge about newly isolated acetogenins (ACGs) in the last six years. It will also report the total syntheses that have allowed either the confirmation or the revision of some structures, together with the biological activities and mechanism of action of such interesting natural products. In fact, of the 417 isolated compounds reviewed, over 176 have been added during the period from 1998 to 2004.

AcetogeninsIsolation (health care)StereochemistryAnnonacinAnnonaceaeComputational biologyBiochemistryLactoneschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineMolecular StructureTraditional medicinebiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicAction (philosophy)Mechanism of actionAnnonaceaeAcetogeninFatty AlcoholsAnnonaceous Acetogeninsmedicine.symptomBullatacinChemInform
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Combining gestures and vocalizations to imitate sounds

2015

International audience; Communicating about sounds is a difficult task without a technical language, and naïve speakers often rely on different kinds of non-linguistic vocalizations and body gestures (Lemaitre et al. 2014). Previous work has independently studied how effectively people describe sounds with gestures or vocalizations (Caramiaux, 2014, Lemaitre and Rocchesso, 2014). However, speech communication studies suggest a more intimate link between the two processes (Kendon, 2004). Our study thus focused on the combination of manual gestures and non-speech vocalizations in the communication of sounds. We first collected a large database of vocal and gestural imitations of a variety of …

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceInformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.HCI)Speech recognition02 engineering and technologyRepresentation (arts)[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing[INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE][INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL]Loudness[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI][SCCO]Cognitive science0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[ INFO.INFO-NE ] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE]050107 human factorsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSSound (medical instrument)05 social sciences[ SHS.ANTHRO-SE ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology[INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA][ SCCO.COMP ] Cognitive science/Computer science[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology[INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD][ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology[ INFO.EIAH ] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning[ INFO.INFO-MA ] Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA][INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingGesture[ SHS.MUSIQ ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing artsAcoustics[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer scienceArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)[ INFO.INFO-HC ] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]0501 psychology and cognitive sciences[ INFO.INFO-CL ] Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL][INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]Set (psychology)[ INFO.INFO-AI ] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI][SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph][SPI.ACOU] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph][SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts[ INFO.INFO-ET ] Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET][SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience020207 software engineering[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnologyVariety (linguistics)loudness[INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET]Noise (video)[ INFO.INFO-SD ] Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD]
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Comparing identification of vocal imitations and computational sketches of everyday sounds

2016

International audience; Sounds are notably difficult to describe. It is thus not surprising that human speakers often use many imitative vocalizations to communicate about sounds. In practice,vocal imitations of non-speech everyday sounds (e.g. the sound of a car passing by) arevery effective: listeners identify sounds better with vocal imitations than with verbal descriptions, despite the fact that vocal imitations are often inaccurate, constrained by the human vocal apparatus. The present study investigated the semantic representations evoked by vocal imitations by experimentally quantifying how well listeners could match sounds to category labels. Itcompared two different types of sounds…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer science[ SHS.MUSIQ ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing artsSpeech recognitionAcoustics[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing[INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE][INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL][INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI][SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics][SCCO]Cognitive scienceArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)[ INFO.INFO-HC ] Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC][ INFO.INFO-CL ] Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL][INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC][ INFO.INFO-NE ] Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE][ INFO.INFO-AI ] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSSound (medical instrument)[ INFO.INFO-ET ] Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET][SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnologyIdentification (information)[ SHS.ANTHRO-SE ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology[INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA][ SCCO.COMP ] Cognitive science/Computer science[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience[INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD][ INFO.EIAH ] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning[ INFO.INFO-MA ] Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA][INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET][INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning[ INFO.INFO-SD ] Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD][SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
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A SYMMETRIC AND POSITIVE DEFINITE BEM FOR 2-D FORCED VIBRATIONS

1997

A BEM formulation for 2D elastodynamics in the time domain has been presented. The formulation gives a resolving system that involves boundary displacements only. The stiffness and mass matrices of the boundary discretized body are frequency independent, symmetric and positive definite

Acoustics and UltrasonicsDiscretizationMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisStiffnessBoundary (topology)Positive-definite matrixCondensed Matter PhysicsVibrationComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceMechanics of MaterialsmedicineTime domainmedicine.symptomBoundary element methodMathematicsJournal of Sound and Vibration
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Incorporation of Li dopant into Cu2ZnSnSe4 photovoltaic absorber: hybrid-functional calculations

2015

We have studied the formation of Li extrinsic defects in CuZnSnSe by first-principles hybrid functional calculations. Li atoms in the Cu site (Li) and Li atoms in the Se site (Li) are the most and the least stable point defect, respectively. The formation energies of two Li interstitial defects with different numbers of nearest neighbors are the same. These interstitial point defects act as a donor but do not create gap states. Formation of the acceptor point defects (Li and Li) is less likely in p-type CuZnSnSe compared with n-type CuZnSnSe. In contrast to Li which does not create gap states, the formation of Li creates two charge transition levels in the middle of the bandgap which might …

Acoustics and UltrasonicsDopantBand gapChemistryElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsAcceptorCrystallographic defectStable pointMolecular physicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHybrid functionalComputational chemistryRecombinationJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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A series expansion of the extended Debye-H�ckel equation and application to linear prediction of stability constants

1996

The Debye-Hückel semiempirical extended equation is frequently used to calculate activity coefficients of chemical species and equilibrium constants at ionic strengths different from those used in their experimental evaluation. A series expansion of the extended Debye-Hückel equation is proposed here and checked with experimental data taken from the literature. The expansion is linear in the ionic parameters and yields a geometrical series which converges rapidly and that enables the accurate calculation of interpolated and extrapolated activity coefficients and equilibrium constants by simple and multiple linear regression without previous knowledge of the ionic parameters.

Activity coefficientSeries (mathematics)ChemistryThermodynamicsLinear predictionAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeIonic strengthComputational chemistryDebye–Hückel equationLinear regressionPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsSeries expansionEquilibrium constantTalanta
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A fuzzy ranking strategy for portfolio selection applied to the Spanish stock market

2007

In this paper we present a fuzzy ranking procedure for the portfolio selection problem. The uncertainty on the returns of each portfolio is approximated by means of a trapezoidal fuzzy number. The expected return and risk of the portfolio are then characteristics of that fuzzy number. A rank index that accounts for both expected return and risk is defined, allowing the decision-maker to compare different portfolios. The paper ends with an application of that fuzzy ranking strategy to the Spanish stock market.

Actuarial scienceMathematics::General MathematicsComputer sciencebusiness.industryDecision theoryFuzzy setEfficient frontierStatistics::Other StatisticsComputer Science::Computational Engineering Finance and ScienceReplicating portfolioGenetic algorithmEconometricsPortfolioFuzzy numberExpected returnStock marketPost-modern portfolio theoryQuadratic programmingPortfolio optimizationbusinessRisk managementModern portfolio theory2007 IEEE International Fuzzy Systems Conference
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