Search results for "COMPUTATION"
showing 10 items of 7362 documents
An insect brain computational model inspired by Drosophila melanogaster: architecture description
2010
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an extremely interesting insect because it shows a wealth of complex behaviors, despite its small brain. Nowadays genetic techniques allow to knock out the function of defined parts or genes in the Drosophila brain. Together with specific mutants which show similar defects in those parts or genes, hypothesis about the functions of every single brain part can be drawn. Following these experiments, a computational model of the fly Drosophila has been designed with a view to its robotic implementation.
Bis-urea macrocycles with a deep cavity.
2015
Two configurational isomers of bis-urea macrocycles have been synthesized, and their neutral molecule recognition was studied by X-ray crystallography and (1)H NMR experiments. Cooperative action between the deep cavity and the urea groups and the influence of dipole alignments on molecular recognition are discussed.
An interactive surrogate-based method for computationally expensive multiobjective optimisation
2019
Many disciplines involve computationally expensive multiobjective optimisation problems. Surrogate-based methods are commonly used in the literature to alleviate the computational cost. In this paper, we develop an interactive surrogate-based method called SURROGATE-ASF to solve computationally expensive multiobjective optimisation problems. This method employs preference information of a decision-maker. Numerical results demonstrate that SURROGATE-ASF efficiently provides preferred solutions for a decision-maker. It can handle different types of problems involving for example multimodal objective functions and nonconvex and/or disconnected Pareto frontiers. peerReviewed
Comparison between two different cardiovascular models during a hemorrhagic shock scenario
2020
Hemorrhagic shock is a form of hypovolemic shock determined by rapid and large loss of intravascular blood volume and represents the first cause of death in the world, whether on the battlefield or in civilian traumatology. For this, the ability to prevent hemorrhagic shock remains one of the greatest challenges in the medical and engineering fields. The use of mathematical models of the cardiocirculatory system has improved the capacity, on one hand, to predict the risk of hemorrhagic shock and, on the other, to determine efficient treatment strategies. In this paper, a comparison between two mathematical models that simulate several hemorrhagic scenarios is presented. The models considere…
Whole-Genome Analyses
2014
Abstract Average nucleotide identity (ANI) was proposed almost 10 years ago as a means to compare genetic relatedness among prokaryotic strains. It was found that values around 95% corresponded to the 70% DNA–DNA hybridization cut-off value that is widely used to delineate archaeal and bacterial species. ANI calculations are one of the many aspects and approaches that can be derived from comparative genomic data and used for taxonomic purposes. Here, an overview about the impact and current usage of ANI values is given together with details of the existing user-friendly package tool, the biology-oriented software package JSpecies, which can be used to generate two types of ANI calculations …
Fast Green’s Function Method for Ultrafast Electron-Boson Dynamics
2020
The interaction of electrons with quantized phonons and photons underlies the ultrafast dynamics of systems ranging from molecules to solids, and it gives rise to a plethora of physical phenomena experimentally accessible using time-resolved techniques. Green's function methods offer an invaluable interpretation tool since scattering mechanisms of growing complexity can be selectively incorporated in the theory. Currently, however, real-time Green's function simulations are either prohibitively expensive due to the cubic scaling with the propagation time or do neglect the feedback of electrons on the bosons, thus violating energy conservation. We put forward a computationally efficient Gree…
On the origin and diversification of Podolian cattle breeds: testing scenarios of European colonization using genome-wide SNP data
2021
AbstractBackgroundDuring the Neolithic expansion, cattle accompanied humans and spread from their domestication centres to colonize the ancient world. In addition, European cattle occasionally intermingled with both indicine cattle and local aurochs resulting in an exclusive pattern of genetic diversity. Among the most ancient European cattle are breeds that belong to the so-called Podolian trunk, the history of which is still not well established. Here, we used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data on 806 individuals belonging to 36 breeds to reconstruct the origin and diversification of Podolian cattle and to provide a reliable scenario of the European colonization, throug…
Development of biosensors for detection of alpha-fetoprotein: As a major biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma
2020
Abstract Alpha-fetoprotein as a multifunctional glycoprotein with a dual regulatory role in cancer and fetal activities is belonging to an albuminoid gene family. Due to important biological activities of alpha-fetoprotein in the adjustment of cancer, the level of this biomarker, majorly in liver carcinomas, abnormally is elevated. Also, the probability of high-risk or low-risk patients for chromosomal abnormalities can be identified by the serum level of alpha-fetoprotein. The detection of biomarkers possesses an important role in prognosis and early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. So, the development of accurate and sensitive methods for measurement of alpha-fetoprotein is of grea…
Joining primal/dual subdivision surfaces
2012
International audience; In this article we study the problem of constructing an intermediate surface between two other surfaces defined by different iterative construction processes. This problem is formalised with Boundary Controlled Iterated Function System model. The formalism allows us to distinguish between subdivision of the topology and subdivision of the mesh. Although our method can be applied to surfaces with quadrangular topology subdivision, it can be used with any mesh subdivision (primal scheme, dual scheme or other.) Conditions that guarantee continuity of the intermediate surface determine the structure of subdivision matrices. Depending on the nature of the initial surfaces…
Digital Trace Data in the Study of Public Opinion
2016
In this article, we examine the relationship between metrics documenting politics-related Twitter activity with election results and trends in opinion polls. Various studies have proposed the possibility of inferring public opinion based on digital trace data collected on Twitter and even the possibility to predict election results based on aggregates of mentions of political actors. Yet, a systematic attempt at a validation of Twitter as an indicator for political support is lacking. In this article, building on social science methodology, we test the validity of the relationship between various Twitter-based metrics of public attention toward politics with election results and opinion pol…