Search results for "CONDUCTANCE"

showing 10 items of 339 documents

Single-electron tunneling in metal droplets in the high conductance regime

2001

We present single-electron tunneling results for well-characterized multidroplet systems in the high conductance regime. The work was conducted with tunnel systems comprising ultra-small Ni droplets. The conductance associated with individual droplets was estimated to reach 18--19G{sub K} in systems exhibiting especially high conductance. The P(E) (phase correlation) theory has been successfully applied to the conductance characteristics of these systems. Our results suggest that in the high conductance regime the droplets can be modeled as single, resistively isolated tunnel junctions. Based on an analysis of the single-electron properties of these systems, the average number of droplets N…

NickelWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicschemistryPhase correlationchemistry.chemical_elementConductanceCoulomb blockadeElectronic structureConductance quantumQuantum tunnellingPhysical Review B
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A comparison of growth, gas exchange and productivity in Olea europaea cultivars growing on Mediterranean hills.

2008

This work concerns the ecophysiology of olive cultivars growing on Mediterranean hills. Our aim was to quantify the photosynthetic efficiency of the cultivars in cultivation. In two hill areas, we tested the phenological and ecophysio- logical variability of olive cultivars grown on non-irrigated land, with different pedo-climatic characteristics. Cultivation area 1 falls within a natural protected area, while area 2 is on farming land. The cultivars selected (‘Biancolilla’, ‘Nocellara del Belice’ and ‘Giarraffa’) belong to the local genetic pool and require different amounts of water. We followed the phe- nological phases of shoot growth and drupe production. We studied leaf anatomy and ch…

Olea europaea L. shoot growth mesophyll structure chloroplast ultrasctructure CO2 absorption stomatal conductance transpiration NP productivity.
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Intracellular accumulation of l-Arg, kinetics of transport, and potassium leak conductance in oocytes from Xenopus laevis expressing hCAT-1, hCAT-2A,…

2004

AbstractCationic amino acid transporters play an important role in the intracellular supply of l-Arg and the generation of nitric oxide. Since the transport of l-Arg is voltage-dependent, we aimed at determining the intracellular l-Arg concentration and describing the transport of l-Arg in terms of Michaelis–Menten kinetics, taking into account membrane voltage. The human isoforms of the cationic amino acid transporters, hCAT-1, hCAT-2A, and hCAT-2B, were expressed in oocytes from Xenopus laevis and studied with the voltage clamp technique and in tracer experiments. We found that l-Arg was concentrated intracellularly by all hCAT isoforms and that influx and efflux, in the steady state of e…

Patch-Clamp TechniquesVoltage clampXenopusBiophysicsArginineBiochemistryMembrane PotentialsXenopus laevisVoltage dependencehCATAnimalsPatch clampCationic Amino Acid Transporter 2y+Cationic Amino Acid Transporter 1Membrane potentialbiologyChemistryBiological TransportTransporterCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationVmaxKMKineticsBiochemistryConductanceOocytesPotassiumBiophysicsAmino Acid Transport Systems BasicEffluxSteady state (chemistry)IntracellularBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes
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Nonsense codons suppression. An acute toxicity study of three optimized TRIDs in murine model, safety and tolerability evaluation.

2022

Stop mutations cause 11% of the genetic diseases, due to the introduction of a premature termination codon (PTC) in the mRNA, followed by the production of a truncated protein. A promising therapeutic approach is the suppression therapy by Translational Readthrough Inducing Drugs (TRIDs), restoring the expression of the protein. Recently, three new TRIDs (NV848, NV914, NV930) have been proposed, and validated by several in vitro assays, for the rescue of the CFTR protein, involved in Cystic Fibrosis disease. In this work, an acute toxicological study for the three TRIDs was conducted in vivo on mice, according to the OECD No.420 guidelines. Animals were divided into groups and treated with …

PharmacologyNonsense mutationCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorGeneral MedicineOxadiazoleMiceDisease Models AnimalPremature termination codon (PTC)Pharmaceutical PreparationsCodon NonsenseProtein BiosynthesisAnimalsToxicity studyTranslational readthrough inducing drugs(TRIDs)Biomedicinepharmacotherapy = Biomedecinepharmacotherapie
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Quantum size effects in solitary wires of bismuth

2007

We have performed four-probe electrical transport measurements on solitary highly crystalline wires of semimetallic bismuth with aspect ratios up to 60 at room and at cryogenic temperatures. By proper choice of the substrate material and the film deposition parameters, lithographic wires with lateral dimensions of down to one single grain, $\sim 250$ nm, were fabricated. The electrical resistance of each wire was measured against its thickness through successive reactive ion etching of the self-same wire. Quantum size effects revealed themselves as regular oscillations in the electrical resistance. Some evidence for the semimetal-to-semiconductor phase transition has been detected. The meas…

Phase transitionMaterials scienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsImaging phantomElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBismuthCondensed Matter::Materials SciencechemistryElectrical resistance and conductanceMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Reactive-ion etchingLithographyDeposition (law)Physical Review B
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Effect of quantized conductivity on the anomalous photon emission radiated from atomic-size point contacts

2019

We observe anomalous visible to near-infrared electromagnetic radiation emitted from electrically driven atomic-size point contacts. We show that the number of photons released strongly depends on the quantized conductance steps of the contact. Counter-intuitively, the light intensity features an exponential decay dependence with the injected electrical power. We propose an analytical model for the light emission considering an out-of-equilibrium electron distribution. We treat photon emission as bremsstrahlung process resulting from hot electrons colliding with the metal boundary and a find qualitative accord with the experimental data.

PhotonQC1-999FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologybremsstrahlung01 natural sciences7. Clean energyElectromagnetic radiationelectromigrationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringExponential decay010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsquantized conductivityPhysicsBremsstrahlungConductancevisible light emission021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLight intensityAtomic radiuspoint contactLight emissionAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyOptics (physics.optics)BiotechnologyPhysics - Optics
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Coulomb blockade in one-dimensional arrays of high-conductance tunnel junctions

2000

Properties of one-dimensional (1D) arrays of low Ohmic tunnel junctions (i.e. junctions with resistances comparable to, or less than, the quantum resistance $R_{\rm q}\equiv h/e^2\approx 25.8$ k$\Omega$) have been studied experimentally and theoretically. Our experimental data demonstrate that -- in agreement with previous results on single- and double-junction systems -- Coulomb blockade effects survive even in the strong tunneling regime and are still clearly visible for junction resistances as low as 1 k$\Omega$. We have developed a quasiclassical theory of electron transport in junction arrays in the strong tunneling regime. Good agreement between the predictions of this theory and the …

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesConductanceCoulomb blockadeElectronic temperatureCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectOmegaCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Zero biasAtomic physicsOhmic contactQuantumQuantum tunnellingPhysical Review B
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Ballistic transport through quantum point contacts of multi-orbital oxides

2020

Linear and non-linear transport properties through an atomic-size point contact based on oxides two-dimensional electron gas is examined using the tight-binding method and the $\mathbf{k\cdot p}$ approach. The ballistic transport is analyzed in contacts realized at the (001) interface between band insulators $LaAlO_3$ and $SrTiO_3$ by using the Landauer-B\"uttiker method for many sub-bands derived from three Ti 3d orbitals ($d_{yz}$, $d_{zx}$ and $d_{xy}$) in the presence of an out-of-plane magnetic field. We focus especially on the role played by the atomic spin-orbit coupling and the inversion symmetry breaking term pointing out three transport regimes: the first, at low energies, involvi…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)spin-orbitQuantum point contactConductanceFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantization (physics)Atomic orbitalPoint contactBallistic conductionoxides0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Point contact; oxides; spin-orbit010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyFermi gasQuantum
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Transport properties of quantum dots in the Wigner molecule regime

2009

The transport properties of quantum dots with up to N=7 electrons ranging from the weak to the strong interacting regime are investigated via the projected Hartree-Fock technique. As interactions increase radial order develops in the dot, with the formation of ring and centered-ring structures. Subsequently, angular correlations appear, signalling the formation of a Wigner molecule state. We show striking signatures of the emergence of Wigner molecules, detected in transport. In the linear regime, conductance is exponentially suppressed as the interaction strength grows. A further suppression is observed when centered-ring structures develop, or peculiar spin textures appear. In the nonline…

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsTransportquantum dotFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyConductanceElectronRing (chemistry)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaNonlinear systemOrder (biology)Quantum dotMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)MoleculeSpin (physics)
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Transport in topological insulators with bulk-surface coupling: Interference corrections and conductance fluctuations

2018

Motivated by the experimental difficulty to produce topological insulators (TIs) of the ${\text{Bi}}_{2}{\text{Se}}_{3}$ family with pure surface-state conduction, we study the effect that the bulk can have on the low-temperature transport properties of gated thin TI films. In particular, we focus on interference corrections, namely weak localization (WL) or weak antilocalization (WAL), and conductance fluctuations (CFs) based on an effective low-energy Hamiltonian. Utilizing diagrammatic perturbation theory, we first analyze the bulk and the surface separately and subsequently discuss WL/WAL and CFs when a tunneling-coupling is introduced. We identify the relevant soft diffusion modes of t…

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsConductanceFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conduction01 natural sciencesWeak localizationsymbols.namesakeTopological insulator0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)symbols010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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