Search results for "CR1"
showing 5 items of 25 documents
The role of NFATc2 in chronic autoimmune neuroinflammation
2014
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a fumaric acid ester with potential immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effect, was recently approved as treatment for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). DMF ameliorates the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the murine model of MS, where it exerts a neuroprotective action, reducing demyelination and axonal loss. We hypothesized that these effects are mediated, at least in part, through its action on microglia. We used a microglial cell line (N9) activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to analyze the effect of monomethyl fumarate (MMF), a bioactive metabolite of DMF, in vitro. We show that MMF reverts the molecular phenoty…
Population structure and reticulate evolution of Saccharomyces eubayanus and its lager-brewing hybrids
2014
Reticulate evolution can be a major driver of diversification into new niches, especially in disturbed habitats and at the edges of ranges. Industrial fermentation strains of yeast provide a window into these processes, but progress has been hampered by a limited understanding of the natural diversity and distribution of Saccharomyces species and populations. For example, lager beer is brewed with Saccharomyces pastorianus, an alloploid hybrid of S. cerevisiae and S. eubayanus, a species only recently discovered in Patagonia, Argentina. Here, we report that genetically diverse strains of S. eubayanus are readily isolated from Patagonia, demonstrating that the species is well established the…
Critical role of fractalkine (CX3CL1) in cigarette smoke-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to the arterial endothelium.
2012
Background Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, yet the pathways through which this may operate are poorly understood. Therefore, the mechanism underlying cigarette smoke (CS)-induced arterial endothelial dysfunction and the potential link with fractalkine/CX3CL1 upregulation were investigated. Methods and results Stimulation of human arterial umbilical endothelial cells (HUAECs) with pathophysiological concentrations of CS extract (1% CSE) increased CX3CL1 expression. Neutralisation of CX3CL1 activity under dynamic flow conditions significantly inhibited CSE-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to HUAECs (67%). The use of small interferi…
CR1 allelic distribution in healthy italians and SLE patients
2010
Complement receptor type 1 (CR1; CD35), the receptor for C3b/C4b, has a molecular weight polymorphism involving four co-dominantly expressed alleles CR1*1, CR1*2, CR1*3 and CR1*4. The most common allotype in the Caucasian population is CR1*1. Previous studies on the frequency of the CR1 allele in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients reported conflicting results. Recently an increased frequency of the CR1*2 allele was reported in Caucasian SLE patients. The aim of our study is to assess the frequency of CR1 structural alleles in a sample of the Italian population and in a cohort of Italian SLE patients equally distributed nationwide. We found that the most common phenotype was CR1*1.1…
Pro-inflammatory CX3CR1+ CD59+ TL1A+ IL-23+ monocytes are expanded in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and modulate ILC3 immune functions
2018
Gut derived ILC3 have been demonstrated to participate in AS pathogenesis. CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) have been demonstrated to modulate ILC3 function in the gut. The aim of this study was to study the role of pro-inflammatory CX3CR1+ CD59+ MNP in modulating ILC3 function in AS patients.