Search results for "CRA"

Malignant paroxysmal positional vertigo

2011

Objective: An insidious percentage of paroxysmal positional vertigo appears to be intractable with canalith repositioning maneuver and also is not self-limiting. This type of positional vertigo is sustained by the action of intracranial tumors that mimics the clinical aspects of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Aim of this study is to clarify the features of these forms of positional vertigo, which we indicate as malignant paroxysmal positional vertigo. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of all the patients who presented with vertigo spells and were managed at our tertiary care referral centre over a three years period. Two hundred and eleven patients with diagnos…

The Neurophysiological Responses of Concussive Impacts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

2020

Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated neurophysiological responses using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following a concussion or sub-concussion. Methods: A systematic searching of relevant databases for peer-reviewed literature quantifying motor evoked potentials from TMS between 1999 and 2019 was performed. A meta-analysis quantified pooled data for measures including motor threshold, motor latency, and motor evoked potential amplitude and for inhibitory measures such as cortical silent period duration, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) ratios. Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria…

Surgical technique of the supraorbital key-hole craniotomy.

2003

BACKGROUND The enormous development of microsurgical techniques and instrumentation together with preoperative planning using the excellent preoperative diagnostic facilities available, enables neurosurgeons to treat more complicated diseases through smaller and more specific approaches. METHODS The technical details of the supraorbital key-hole craniotomy are described in this article as it has been evolving in our experience for more than 10 years. After an eyebrow skin incision with careful soft tissue dissection and single frontobasal burr-hole trephination, a supraorbital craniotomy is carried out with a diameter of about 1.5 x 2.5 cm. As a real frontolateral approach, the supraorbital…

Effects of Various Therapeutic Management on Raised Intracranial Pressure and on Dynamics Brain Edema in Brain Abscess Model in Cats

1983

In spite of the improved antibiotic treatment of brain abscess, the mortality remains high, between 30% and 40% (2,3). With the help of effective antibiotic treatment it is possible to bring the inflammatory Part of the lesion under control, but not the space-occupying element which is determined by the inflammatory brain edema. Any improvement in the results will therefore have to wait until an effective antiedematous treatment has also been developed. The aim of our previously described investigations on experimental brain abscess in cats (3) was to demonstrate that only the additional treatment with steroids as well as the antibiotics results in an improvement in the final outcome.

2019

Background: Cranio-facial anomalies frequently occur in neurodevelopmental disorders because both face and brain are derived from neuroectoderm. The identification of differences in the facial phenotype of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may reflect alterations in embryologic brain development in children with ASD. Methods: we evaluated 33 caucasian children with ASD using a 2D computerized photogrammetry. Anthropometric euclidean measurements and landmarks located on the soft tissue of the face and head, were based on five cranio-facial indexes. Relationships between anthropometric z-scores and participant characteristics (i.e., age, Global IQ, severity of autistic symptoms m…

The Effect of Intracranial Pressure on Perifocal Hyperemia

1969

It is known that a reversiblecortical trauma caused by local brain compression in the cat is accompanied by a pronounced decrease of rCBF at the compressed area and by a transient perifocal hyperemia [1].

Neumoencefalo a tensión tras herida en cuero cabelludo en portadora de válvula de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal: caso clínico y revisión de la lit…

2009

El neumoencéfalo se produce la mayoría de las veces por una solución de continuidad en el cráneo e incluso en las meninges. En ocasiones, ciertos factores pueden hacer que éste adopte las características de un neumoencéfalo a tensión provocando una clínica neurológica severa. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 66 años portadora de una doble válvula de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal que acude a Urgencias con un cuadro de hipertensión intracraneal y que tras la exploración física y la tomografía computarizada se detecta una herida en cuero cabelludo y un neumoencéfalo a tensión. Este defecto en piel se hallaba justo en la zona del borde de una plastia craneal colocada tras la resección …

Combined epidural morphine and bupivacaine in the treatment of lumbosacral radicular neuropathic pain: a noncontrolled prospective study

2016

Simone Vigneri,1,2 Gianfranco Sindaco,2 Marco La Grua,2 Matteo Zanella,2 Laura Ravaioli,2 Valentina Paci,2 Gilberto Pari2 1Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, 2Advanced Algology Research and Pain Medicine Unit, Santa Maria Maddalena Hospital, Occhiobello, RO, Italy Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of epidural morphine and bupivacaine in patients with chronic lumbosacral radicular neuropathic pain after the cessation of treatment.Methods: Twenty-two patients with chronic lumbosacral pain with neuropathic features were enrolled. An indwelling catheter was placed into the epidural sp…

Facial nerve schwannoma involving middle cranial fossa: When the unilateral sensorineural hearing loss guide to the correct diagnosis

2011

The Facial Nerve Schwannoma is a rare tumor and it seldom involved the middle cranial fossa. Facial nerve schwannoma has various manifestations, including facial palsy but unfortunately facial nerve is very resistant to compression and often facial nerve paralysis or a facial weakness are not present. We present a case of giant facial nerve schwannoma involved the middle cranial fossa without facial nerve paralysis. In these cases the unilateral hearing loss (if present) guide to a correct diagnosis.

Case report: absence of the right piriformis muscle in a woman

2018

We report a very rare case of a unilaterally absent piriformis muscle in a 60 year old woman. Accompanying variations comprised a common gluteal artery (instead of two distinct superior and inferior gluteal arteries), and an absent gemellus inferior muscle. The contralateral left side showed a normally developed piriformis muscle. In hominoids, the piriformis is constant, but is regularly missing in several other vertebrates. The piriformis muscle is an anatomical landmark for ultrasound investigations and ultrasound-guided interventions in the deep gluteal region such as a superior gluteal nerve block or even a sacral plexus block, also for any surgical approach such as total hip arthropla…