Search results for "CXCL"

Prostaglandin D2 regulates joint inflammation and destruction in murine collagen-induced arthritis.

2012

Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVE: Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) may exert proinflammatory or antiinflammatory effects in different biologic systems. Although this prostanoid and the enzymes responsible for its synthesis are up-regulated by interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in human chondrocytes in vitro, the role of PGD2 in arthritis remains unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of PGD2 in the inflammatory response and in joint destruction during the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. METHODS: PGD2 and cytokine levels in mice with CIA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of hematopoietic PGD synthase (h-PGDS), lipocalin-typ…

IL-21 Regulates the Differentiation of a Human γδ T Cell Subset Equipped with B Cell Helper Activity

2012

Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes recognize nonpeptidic antigens without presentation by MHC molecules and display pleiotropic features. Here we report that coculture of Vγ9Vδ2 cells with phosphoantigen and IL-21 leads to selective expression of the transcription repressor Bcl-6 and polarization toward a lymphocyte subset displaying features of follicular B-helper T (T(FH)) cells. T(FH) like Vγ9Vδ2 cells have a predominant central memory (CD27(+)CD45RA(-)) phenotype and express ICOS, CD40L and CXCR5. Upon antigen activation, they secrete IL-4, IL-10 and CXCL13, and provide B-cell help for antibody production in vitro. Our findings delineate a subset of human Vγ9Vδ2 lymphocytes, which, upon interaction w…

Mast Cells and Th17 Cells Contribute to the Lymphoma-Associated Pro-Inflammatory Microenvironment of Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma

2010

Reports focusing on the immunological microenvironment of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are rare. Here we studied the reciprocal contribution of regulatory (Treg) and interleukin-17-producing (Th17) T-cells to the composition of the lymphoma-associated microenvironment of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and PTCL not otherwise specified on tissue microarrays from 30 PTCLs not otherwise specified and 37 AITLs. We found that Th17 but not Treg cells were differently represented in the two lymphomas and correlated with the amount of mast cells (MCs) and granulocytes, which preferentially occurred in the cellular milieu of AITL cases. We observed that MCs directly synthesized inter…

Anti-metastatic activity of heparin is probably associated with modulation of SDF-1-CXCR4 axis

2006

IL-27 improves migrational and antiviral potential of CB dendritic cells.

2013

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-27 is known to be increased considerably in cord blood (CB) dendritic cells (DCs) after TLR ligation. Previously, we demonstrated that also basal IL-27 levels are higher in CB DCs. Here, we examined effects of IL-27 on monocyte derived dendritic cells (moDCs) to approach its particular role in the specialized immune system of the human neonate. Exogenous IL-27 promotes IL-27 transcription in CB and adult blood (AB) moDCs. IL-27 acts on CB moDCs primarily by significantly augmenting IL-27 protein, secondarily by increasing transcription of CXCL10 among other chemokines, chemokine receptor CCR1, interferon stimulated genes, transcription factor IRF8 and genes involve…

Anti-Metastatic Activities of Heparins

2009

Heparins are commonly administered to cancer patients for the treatment and prophylaxis of thromboembolic events. Importantly, apart from the anti-thrombotic action of these drugs, several clinical trials have demonstrated an improved survival of cancer patients who were administered low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs). This improved survival was independent of the anti-thrombotic efficacy, since vitamin K antagonists did not improve clinical prognosis. Moreover, this protective effect was not the result of an inhibition of the growth of primary tumors, but rather the prevention of the spreading of cancer through metastases. This has been also shown in some animal experiments. The protect…

Interleukin-30 feeds breast cancer stem cells via CXCL10 and IL23 autocrine loops and shapes immune contexture and host outcome

2021

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) progression to metastatic disease is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Metastasis is driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs) and signals from their microenvironment. Interleukin (IL) 30 promotes BC progression, and its expression correlates with disease recurrence and mortality. Whether it acts by regulating BCSCs is unknown and could have significant therapeutic implications.MethodsHuman (h) and murine (m) BCSCs were tested for their production of and response to IL30 by using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, proliferation and sphere-formation assays, and PCR array. Immunocompetent mice were used to investigate the role of BCSC-derived IL30 on tumor…

Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 correlates with progression of pancreatic cancer

2006

14018 Background: Despite many pathophysiological analyses, the process of tumor dissemination of pancreatic cancer remains vague. In diverse other tumor entities, expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been linked to tumor dissemination and poor prognosis. Therefore, we evaluated, if the expression of this chemokine receptor exerts similar effects in human pancreatic cancer. Methods: Expression of CXCR4 was evaluated in 120 patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic cancer and eight different pancreatic cancer cell lines. Expression intensities of tumor samples were correlated with both, tumor and patients characteristics. Results: Human pancreatic cancer samples and cell l…

Intracellular coexpression of CXC- and CC– chemokine receptors and their ligands in human melanoma cell lines and dynamic variations after xenotransp…

2014

Abstract Background Chemokines have been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. In melanoma, chemokine receptors have been implicated in organ selective metastasis by regulating processes such as chemoattraction, adhesion and survival. Methods In this study we have analyzed, using flow cytometry, the systems formed by the chemokine receptors CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR7, CCR7 and CCR10 and their ligands in thirteen human melanoma cell lines (five established from primary tumors and eight established from metastasis from different tissues). WM-115 and WM-266.4 melanoma cell lines (obtained from a primary and a metastatic melanoma respectively) were xenografted in nude mice and the tumors and…

IL1β Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration and Leucocyte Chemotaxis Through NF-κB

2012

Mesenchymal stem cells are often transplanted into inflammatory environments where they are able to survive and modulate host immune responses through a poorly understood mechanism. In this paper we analyzed the responses of MSC to IL-1β: a representative inflammatory mediator. Microarray analysis of MSC treated with IL-1β revealed that this cytokine activateds a set of genes related to biological processes such as cell survival, cell migration, cell adhesion, chemokine production, induction of angiogenesis and modulation of the immune response. Further more detailed analysis by real-time PCR and functional assays revealed that IL-1β mainly increaseds the production of chemokines such as CC…