Search results for "Cancer."
showing 10 items of 11362 documents
Safety and efficacy of buparlisib (BKM120) and chemotherapy in advanced, squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC): Results from the phase Ib/II …
2016
e20522Background: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activation may contribute to primary and secondary resistance to platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapy (CT) in sqNSCLC. The pan-PI3K inhibi...
AMD3100: A Versatile Platform for CXCR4 Targeting 68 Ga-Based Radiopharmaceuticals
2016
International audience; CXCR4 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which is overexpressed in numerous diseases, particularly in multiple cancers. Therefore, this receptor represents a valuable target for imaging and therapeutic purposes. Among the different approaches, which were developed for CXCR4 imaging, a CXCR4 antagonist biscyclam system (AMD3100, also called Mozobil), currently used in the clinic for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells, was radiolabeled with different radiometals such as 62Zn, 64Cu, 67Ga, or 99mTc. However, cyclam is not an ideal chelator for most of these radiometals, and could lead to the release of the radionuclide in vivo. In the current study, a new …
Dynamics and predicted drug response of a gene network linking dedifferentiation with β-catenin dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma
2019
Background & Aims Alterations of individual genes variably affect the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, we aimed to characterize the function of tumor-promoting genes in the context of gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Methods Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, from the LIRI-JP (Liver Cancer – RIKEN, JP project), and from our transcriptomic, transfection and mouse transgenic experiments, we identify a GRN which functionally links LIN28B-dependent dedifferentiation with dysfunction of β-catenin (CTNNB1). We further generated and validated a quantitative mathematical model of the GRN using human cell lines and in vivo expression data. Results We found that LIN28B and C…
Dietary polyphenols for managing cancers: What have we ignored?
2020
Abstract Although the chemoprevention and anti-cancer activities of dietary polyphenols have been evidenced through both in vitro and in vivo studies, most of the human clinical trials were unsuccessful or even harmful. Debates on the beneficial roles of dietary polyphenols in cancer therapy are increasing. Many dietary polyphenols studies are conducted by in vitro experiments, but the nature of these studies does not consider the complexity of metabolic processes that are present in vivo. These can often cause instability in the dietary polyphenols, thereby leading to unsuccessful extrapolation into animal or human studies. Dietary polyphenols often have low bioavailability, which is mainl…
Oxidative stress and antioxidants in the pathophysiology of malignant melanoma.
2018
Abstract The high number of somatic mutations in the melanoma genome associated with cumulative ultra violet (UV) exposure has rendered it one of the most difficult of cancers to treat. With new treatment approaches based on targeted and immune therapies, drug resistance has appeared as a consistent problem. Redox biology, including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), plays a central role in all aspects of melanoma pathophysiology, from initiation to progression and to metastatic cells. The involvement of melanin production and UV radiation in ROS/RNS generation has rendered the melanocytic lineage a unique system for studying redox biology. Overall, an elevated oxidative st…
Biological and anticancer properties of Inonotus obliquus extracts
2018
Abstract Inonotus obliquus (IO) has traditionally been used in folk medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the biological and metabolic properties of IO extracts. Free radical scavenging properties, inhibition of the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOi), induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell viability and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT) and KI67 mRNA in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and normal human skin fibroblast (BJ) cell lines were measured. It was found that 80% ethanol extract of IO exhibited the highest properties inhibiting the activit…
Characterization of a Fetal Liver Cell Population Endowed with Long-Term Multiorgan Endothelial Reconstitution Potential.
2016
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Drug Repurposing of the Anthelmintic Niclosamide to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Leukemia
2017
Multidrug resistance, a major problem that leads to failure of anticancer chemotherapy, requires the development of new drugs. Repurposing of established drugs is a promising approach for overcoming this problem. An example of such drugs is niclosamide, a known anthelmintic that is now known to be cytotoxic and cytostatic against cancer cells. In this study, niclosamide showed varying activity against different cancer cell lines. It revealed better activity against hematological cancer cell lines CCRF-CEM, CEM/ADR5000, and RPMI-8226 compared to the solid tumor cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and HT-29. The multidrug resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells were similar sensitive as their sensitive counterp…
Making sense of big data in health research: {T}owards an {EU} action plan
2016
Genome medicine 8(1), 71 (2016). doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0323-y
Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells as quantum dot vehicles to tumors
2017
Dominyka Dapkute,1,2 Simona Steponkiene,1 Danute Bulotiene,1 Liga Saulite,3 Una Riekstina,3 Ricardas Rotomskis1,4 1Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; 2Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; 4Biophotonics Group of Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Purpose: Cell-mediated delivery of nanoparticles is emerging as a new method of cancer diagnostics and treatment. Due to their inherent regenerative properties, adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are naturally attracted to wounds and sites of inflammation, as well as tumors.…