Search results for "Capacity"
showing 10 items of 999 documents
Alveolar gas exchange and tissue deoxygenation during exercise in type 1 diabetes patients and healthy controls.
2012
We used near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate whether leg and arm skeletal muscle and cerebral deoxygenation differ during incremental cycling exercise in men with type 1 diabetes (T1D, n=10, mean±SD age 33±7 years) and healthy control men (matched by age, anthrometry, and self-reported physical activity, CON, n=10, 32±7 years) to seek an explanation for lower aerobic capacity (˙VO2peak) often reported in T1D. T1D had lower ˙VO2peak (35±4mlkg(-1)min(-1) vs. 43±8mlkg(-1)min(-1), P0.01) and peak work rate (219±33W vs. 290±44W, P0.001) than CON. Leg muscle deoxygenation (↑ [deoxyhemoglobin]; ↓ tissue saturation index) was greater in T1D than CON at a given absolute submaximal work rate, bu…
Modifications in forced vital capacity during adenosine monophosphate-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma: relationship with the response to methac…
2009
Background The effect of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) on forced vital capacity (FVC) has never been systematically investigated. Objective To compare methacholine- and AMP-induced changes in FVC, as a marker of air trapping, in asthmatic patients treated and not treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). Methods Airway responsiveness to equipotent concentrations of AMP and methacholine was obtained in asthmatic patients treated (n = 32) and not treated (n = 18) with ICSs. The response was expressed by the provocation concentration of agonist that caused a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) of 20% (PC 20 ) and by the slope of the FVC values recorded at each step of …
Clinical and Functional Characteristics of COPD Patients Across GOLD Classifications: Results of a Multicenter Observational Study.
2019
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease. The severity grading systems proposed by the Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) have changed over time. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the different GOLD classifications can capture the complexity of the disease by investigating the distribution of lung function and clinical parameters across the GOLD classification systems. This was an observational, retrospective, multicentre study. COPD patients were stratified according to the GOLD severity grading proposed in the 2007, and to the ABCD assessment tool present in the 2011, and 2017 versions of the initiative. Data from body plethy…
Phenotypes of COPD patients with a smoking history in Central and Eastern Europe: the POPE Study.
2017
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a major health problem in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries; however, there are no data regarding clinical phenotypes of these patients in this region.Participation in the Phenotypes of COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (POPE) study was offered to stable patients with COPD in a real-life setting. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of phenotypes according to predefined criteria. Secondary aims included analysis of differences in symptom load, comorbidities and pharmacological treatment.3362 patients with COPD were recruited in 10 CEE countries. 63% of the population were nonexacerbators, 20.4% frequen…
Predictors of need for noninvasive ventilation during respiratory tract infections in medically stable, non-ventilated subjects with amyotrophic late…
2014
BACKGROUND: Acute lower respiratory infections can impair muscle strength in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). When associated with an increase in load on the respiratory system, this situation may precipitate hypercapnic respiratory failure in non-ventilated patients with ALS. The aim of this study was to determine whether a clinical or functional parameter can predict the need for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during an acute respiratory infection for medically stable, non-ventilated patients with ALS. METHODS: This was a prospective study involving all non-ventilated subjects with ALS admitted due to an acute respiratory infection to a respiratory care unit from a tertia…
Factors that influence exhaled nitric oxide in Italian schoolchildren
2008
Conflicting results exist about the meaning of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in epidemiologic studies, mainly because of the numerous factors that may affect the measurement.To evaluate the role of the factors that influence eNO levels in a sample of schoolchildren with or without respiratory diseases. We studied 335 schoolchildren, ages 10 to 16 years, from 8 schools in Palermo, Italy. After a respiratory questionnaire was completed, spirometry, skin tests, and eNO measurements were performed.Among 335 children, 13.7% reported symptoms of bronchial asthma, 46.9% reported symptoms of rhinitis, and 39.4% were asymptomatic. The ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capaci…
A cross-sectional study assessing the relationship between BMI, asthma, atopy, and eNO among schoolchildren
2011
Increased body weight may influence airway inflammatory mechanisms.To assess whether overweight-obesity (OW-O), evaluated as increased body mass index, is associated either with exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), a marker of airway inflammation, or with allergic sensitization in a large sample of children and adolescents.A cross-sectional, epidemiological study was performed on a population sample of schoolchildren evaluating 708 subjects (age 10-16 years; BMI 13-39 kg/m(2)) by respiratory health questionnaire, skin prick tests, spirometry, and eNO measure.Prevalence rates were: OW-O 16.4%, asthma ever (A) 11.9%, and rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) 14.8%. Asthma ever and allergic sensitization were signi…
Small airways function and molecular markers in exhaled air in mild asthma.
2005
Background: Several studies suggest that the periphery of the lung is the major site of inflammation in asthma. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and 8-isoprostane have been proposed as biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. We therefore hypothesised that small airway dysfunction in asthma is of inflammatory origin that can be detected by molecular markers in exhaled air. To test this hypothesis, we examined the relationship of FeNO and 8-isoprostane in exhaled air with small airways function as assessed by the single breath nitrogen test. Methods: Sixteen patients (14 women) with mild atopic asthma (forced expiratory volume in 1 second >80% predicted) of mean (SD) age 23.0 (…
Validation of FEV6 in the elderly: correlates of performance and repeatability.
2007
BACKGROUND: Forced expiratory volume in 6 s (FEV6) has been proposed as a more easily measurable parameter than forced vital capacity (FVC) to diagnose airway disease using spirometry. A study was undertaken to estimate FEV6 repeatability, to identify correlates of a good quality FEV6 measurement and of volumetric differences between FEV6 and FVC in elderly patients. METHODS: 1531 subjects aged 65-100 years enrolled in the SA.R.A project (a cross-sectional multicentre non-interventional study) were examined. FEV6 was measured on volume-time curves that achieved satisfactory start-of-test and end-of-test criteria. Correlates of FEV6 achievement were assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS: …
P191 QVA149 once daily improves exercise tolerance and lung function in patients with moderate to severe COPD: the BRIGHT study: Abstract P191 Table 1
2012
Introduction QVA149 is a novel once-daily fixed-dose combination of the long-acting β 2 -agonist indacaterol and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237) in development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The BRIGHT study evaluated the effects of QVA149 versus placebo and tiotropium on exercise tolerance and lung function in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Methods In a double-blind, double-dummy, 3-period crossover study, patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were randomised to QVA149 110/50 µg, placebo or tiotropium 18 µg once daily for 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was exercise endurance time for QVA149 versus placebo during a sub…