Search results for "Caps"

showing 10 items of 745 documents

The structure of Yersinia pestis Caf1 polymer in free and adjuvant bound states

2010

Caf1 of the plague bacterium, Yersinia pestis is a polymeric virulence factor and vaccine component, formed from monomers by a donor strand exchange (DSE) mechanism. Here, EM images of Caf1 reveal flexible polymers up to 1.5 microm long (4MDa). The bead-like structures along the polymer are 5.8 + or - 1 nm long and correspond to single Caf1 proteins. Short polymers often form circles, presumably by DSE. We also provide the first images of proteins bound to alhydrogel adjuvant. Caf1, hemocyanin and anthrax PA are all resolved clearly and Caf1 exhibits adjuvant bound stretches with long intervening loops draped from the edges.

Models MolecularProtein FoldingPolymersVirulence FactorsYersinia pestismedicine.medical_treatmentVirulence factorMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundProtein structureAdjuvants ImmunologicBacterial ProteinsMicroscopy Electron TransmissionmedicineProtein Structure QuaternaryBacterial Capsuleschemistry.chemical_classificationAntigens BacterialPlaguePlague VaccineGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHemocyaninPolymerbiology.organism_classificationInfectious DiseasesMonomerYersinia pestischemistryBiophysicsMolecular MedicinePlague vaccineProtein foldingVaccine
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Atomic structure of the major capsid protein of rotavirus: implications for the architecture of the virion

2001

The structural protein VP6 of rotavirus, an important pathogen responsible for severe gastroenteritis in children, forms the middle layer in the triple-layered viral capsid. Here we present the crystal structure of VP6 determined to 2 A resolution and describe its interactions with other capsid proteins by fitting the atomic model into electron cryomicroscopic reconstructions of viral particles. VP6, which forms a tight trimer, has two distinct domains: a distal beta-barrel domain and a proximal alpha-helical domain, which interact with the outer and inner layer of the virion, respectively. The overall fold is similar to that of protein VP7 from bluetongue virus, with the subunits wrapping …

Models MolecularRotavirusCations DivalentViral proteinvirusesMolecular Sequence DataHemagglutinins ViralTrimerCrystal structureBiologyCrystallography X-Raymedicine.disease_causeProtein Structure SecondaryArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyVirus03 medical and health sciencesCapsidRotavirusAtomic modelmedicineAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceAntigens ViralMolecular BiologyPeptide sequence030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSequence Homology Amino AcidGeneral Immunology and Microbiology030306 microbiologyViral Core ProteinsGeneral NeuroscienceVirionvirus diseasesMolecular biologyZincCapsidSolventsBiophysicsCapsid ProteinsCattleThe EMBO Journal
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Antibody inhibition of the transcriptase activity of the rotavirus DLP: a structural view.

2001

On entering the host cell the rotavirus virion loses its outer shell to become a double-layered particle (DLP). The DLP then transcribes the 11 segments of its dsRNA genome using its own transcriptase complex, and the mature mRNA emerges along the 5-fold axis. In order to better understand the transcription mechanism and the role of VP6 in transcription we have studied three monoclonal antibodies against VP6: RV-238 which inhibits the transcriptase activity of the DLP; and RV-133 and RV-138 which have no effect on transcription. The structures obtained by cryo-electron microscopy of the DLP/Fab complexes and by X-ray crystallography of the VP6 trimer and the VP6/Fab-238 complex have been co…

Models MolecularRotavirusConformational changeSTRUCTUREMature messenger RNAmedicine.drug_classProtein ConformationvirusesBiologyMonoclonal antibodyAntibodies ViralCrystallography X-RayEpitope03 medical and health sciencesEpitopesImmunoglobulin Fab FragmentsCapsidStructural BiologyTranscription (biology)medicine[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyCRISTALLOGRAPHIE[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyAntigens Viral030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesMessenger RNA030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyCryoelectron Microscopyvirus diseasesRNADNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesMolecular biologyReverse transcriptase3. Good healthVIROLOGIECapsid ProteinsJournal of molecular biology
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Structure-based analyses of Salmonella RcsB variants unravel new features of the Rcs regulon

2021

18 páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas

Models MolecularSalmonella typhimuriumIdentificationSignaling SystemTranscription GeneticTranscription FactorAcademicSubjects/SCI00010Protein ConformationProtein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)ExpressionBiologymedicine.disease_causeRegulonBiofilm Formation03 medical and health sciencesBacterial ProteinsCapsule SynthesisStructural BiologyGeneticsmedicineTranscriptional regulationPhosphorylationPromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factorGene030304 developmental biologyRegulation of gene expression0303 health sciencesMutationBinding Sites030306 microbiologyPromoterGene Expression Regulation BacterialBiología y Biomedicina / BiologíaRepressionCell biologyRegulonEscherichia-Coli K-12MutationGenome BacterialPhosphorelay SystemNucleic Acids Research
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Reasons for the exclusive formation of heterodimeric capsules between tetra-tolyl and tetra-tosylurea calix[4]arenes

2007

The selective heterodimerization of tetra-tolyl (1a) and tetra-tosylurea (1b) calixarenes, serendipitously found by Rebek et al. (R. K. Castellano, B. H. Kim and J. Rebek, Jr., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 12671–12672), has been used for the construction of highly sophisticated macrocycles and well-defined supramolecular assemblies. Regrettably, hitherto, neither the exact structure of these heterodimers nor the reason for their exclusive formation is known. We present molecular dynamics simulations using the AMBER force field in explicit chloroform solvent for the two homodimers, the heterodimer and the two uncomplexed tetra-urea calixarenes. The rigid rotation about the C–S–N–C bond of t…

Models MolecularSteric effectsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular StructurebiologyChemistryHydrogen bondStereochemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryCapsulesHydrogen Bondingbiology.organism_classificationBiochemistrySolutionsTosyl CompoundsSolventMolecular dynamicsCalixareneProton NMRUreaTetraCalixarenesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDimerizationOrganic & Biomolecular Chemistry
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A molecular assembly system that renders antigens of choice highly repetitive for induction of protective B cell responses.

2002

Virus like particles (VLPs) are known to induce potent B cell responses in the absence of adjuvants. Moreover, epitope-specific antibody responses may be induced by VLPs that contain peptides inserted in their immunodominant regions. However, due to steric problems, the size of the peptides capable of being incorporated into VLPs while still permitting capsid assembly, is rather limited. While peptides genetically fused to either the N- or C-terminus of VLPs present fewer assembly problems, the immune responses obtained against such epitopes are often limited, most likely because the epitopes are not optimally exposed. In addition, such particles may be less stable in vivo. Here, we show th…

Models MolecularViral Hepatitis VaccinesHepatitis B virusMacromolecular SubstancesProtein ConformationvirusesRecombinant Fusion ProteinsProtozoan ProteinsAntigens ProtozoanBiologyProtein EngineeringEpitopePhospholipases AInclusion Bodies ViralViral Matrix ProteinsMiceImmune systemAntigenVirus-like particlemedicineAnimalsB cellB-LymphocytesMice Inbred BALB CVaccines SyntheticGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyImmunodominant EpitopesImmunogenicityVaccinationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMolecular biologyHepatitis B Core AntigensPeptide FragmentsCell biologyProtein Structure TertiaryHBcAgBee VenomsInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Linking ReagentsCapsidDrug DesignMolecular MedicineFemaleImmunizationPeptidesOligopeptidesVaccine
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Insights into virus evolution and membrane biogenesis from the structure of the marine lipid-containing bacteriophage PM2.

2008

Recent, primarily structural observations indicate that related viruses, harboring no sequence similarity, infect hosts of different domains of life. One such clade of viruses, defined by common capsid architecture and coat protein fold, is the so-called PRD1-adenovirus lineage. Here we report the structure of the marine lipid-containing bacteriophage PM2 determined by crystallographic analyses of the entire approximately 45 MDa virion and of the outer coat proteins P1 and P2, revealing PM2 to be a primeval member of the PRD1-adenovirus lineage with an icosahedral shell and canonical double beta barrel major coat protein. The view of the lipid bilayer, richly decorated with membrane protein…

Models MolecularViral proteinProtein ConformationvirusesMolecular Sequence DataBiologymedicine.disease_causeCrystallography X-Ray03 medical and health sciencesProtein structuremedicineLipid bilayerMolecular Biology030304 developmental biology0303 health sciences030306 microbiologyCorticoviridaeVirionCell BiologyVirologyBiological EvolutionLipidsCell biologyBeta barrelMembrane proteinCapsidViral evolutionMembrane biogenesisVirusesCalciumCapsid ProteinsMolecular cell
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The Minor Capsid Protein VP11 of Thermophilic Bacteriophage P23-77 Facilitates Virus Assembly by Using Lipid-Protein Interactions

2015

ABSTRACT Thermus thermophilus bacteriophage P23-77 is the type member of a new virus family of icosahedral, tailless, inner-membrane-containing double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses infecting thermophilic bacteria and halophilic archaea. The viruses have a unique capsid architecture consisting of two major capsid proteins assembled in various building blocks. We analyzed the function of the minor capsid protein VP11, which is the third known capsid component in bacteriophage P23-77. Our findings show that VP11 is a dynamically elongated dimer with a predominantly α-helical secondary structure and high thermal stability. The high proportion of basic amino acids in the protein enables electrost…

Models MolecularvirusesMolecular Sequence DataStatic ElectricityImmunologyMicrobiologyProtein–protein interactionBacteriophagechemistry.chemical_compoundCapsidVirologyBacteriophagesAmino Acid SequenceThermusPeptide sequenceProtein secondary structureprotein-lipid systemsbiologyVirus AssemblyStructure and AssemblyCapsomereVirionThermus thermophilusLipid Metabolismbiology.organism_classificationLipidsMolecular biologychemistryCapsidInsect Sciencethermophilic virusesBiophysicsCapsid ProteinsDNAkapsidiJournal of Virology
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Mechanistic analysis and experimental verification of bicarbonate-controlled enteric coat dissolution: Potential in vivo implications

2019

Enteric coatings have shown in vivo dissolution rates that are poorly predicted by traditional in vitro tests, with the in vivo dissolution being considerably slower than in vitro. To provide a more mechanistic understanding of this, the dependence of the release properties of various enteric-coated (EC) products on bulk pH and bicarbonate molarity was investigated. It was found that, at presumably in vivo-relevant values, the bicarbonate molarity is a more significant determinant of the dissolution profile than the bulk pH. The findings also indicate that this steep relationship between the dissolution of enteric coatings and bicarbonate molarity limits those coatings' performance in vivo.…

Molar concentrationChemistry PharmaceuticalBicarbonateInorganic chemistryKineticsPharmaceutical ScienceCapsules02 engineering and technologyBuffers030226 pharmacology & pharmacyExcipientsDiffusion layer03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundHypromellose Derivatives0302 clinical medicineIntestine SmallmedicineHumansIntestinal MucosaMesalamineDissolutionAcetaminophenCarbonic acidGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion Concentration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEnteric coatingBicarbonatesDrug LiberationModels ChemicalSolubilitychemistryCarbon dioxide0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologymedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics
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The coat protein of prunus necrotic ringspot virus specifically binds to and regulates the conformation of its genomic RNA

2003

AbstractBinding of coat protein (CP) to the 3′ nontranslated region (3′-NTR) of viral RNAs is a crucial requirement to establish the infection of Alfamo- and Ilarviruses. In vitro binding properties of the Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) CP to the 3′-NTR of its genomic RNA using purified E. coli- expressed CP and different synthetic peptides corresponding to a 26-residue sequence near the N-terminus were investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. PNRSV CP bound to, at least, three different sites existing on the 3′-NTR. Moreover, the N-terminal region between amino acid residues 25 to 50 of the protein could function as an independent RNA-binding domain. Single exchan…

Molecular Sequence DataElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayPlasma protein bindingBiologyIlarvirusProtein structureVirologyElectrophoretic mobility shift assayMagnesiumAmino Acid SequencePeptide sequence3' Untranslated RegionsIlarvirusBase SequenceCircular DichroismRNA ConformationRNAbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyProtein Structure TertiaryBiochemistryPrunus necrotic ringspot virusNucleic Acid ConformationRNA ViralCapsid ProteinsPrunusProtein BindingVirology
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