Search results for "Carbachol"

showing 4 items of 54 documents

Pre- and postsynaptic effects of muscarinic agonists in the guinea-pig ileum

1980

The effects of several muscarinic agonists on smooth muscle (postsynaptic effect) and on acetylcholine release (presynaptic effect) were compared in the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation of the guinea-pig ileum. 1. For release experiments the acetylcholine stores of the preparation were labelled with 3H-choline. Electrical field stimulation in the absence of a cholinesterase inhibitor caused an outflow of tritium that reflected release of 3H-acetylcholine. The agonists oxotremorine, arecaidinepropargylester, methylfurmethide, muscarine, carbachol, arecoline and pilocarpine inhibited the stimulation-induced outflow in a concentration-dependent manner. At the highest concentrat…

medicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholGuinea PigsNeuromuscular JunctionIn Vitro TechniquesReceptors NicotinicTritiumInhibitory postsynaptic potentialchemistry.chemical_compoundIleumPostsynaptic potentialInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4OxotremorineAnimalsReceptors CholinergicPharmacologyMuscarineOxotremorineGeneral MedicineReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineEndocrinologyParasympathomimeticsSolubilitychemistryAcetylcholineMuscle Contractionmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Compensatory mechanisms enhance hippocampal acetylcholine release in transgenic mice expressing human acetylcholinesterase

2001

Central cholinergic neurotransmission was studied in learning-impaired transgenic mice expressing human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE-Tg). Total catalytic activity of AChE was approximately twofold higher in synaptosomes from hippocampus, striatum and cortex of hAChE-Tg mice as compared with controls (FVB/N mice). Extracellular acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus, monitored by microdialysis in the absence or presence of 10(-8)-10(-3) M neostigmine in the perfusion fluid, were indistinguishable in freely moving control and hAChE-Tg mice. Muscarinic receptor functions were unchanged as indicated by similar effects of scopolamine on ACh release and of carbachol on inositol phosphate fo…

medicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholHippocampusHippocampal formationBiologyBiochemistryAcetylcholinesteraseCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologychemistryInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineCholinergicNeurotransmitterAcetylcholinemedicine.drugJournal of Neurochemistry
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The release of choline from phospholipids mediated by beta-adrenoceptor activation in isolated hearts.

1986

The resting efflux of choline into the perfusate (Tyrode's solution) of isolated hearts was equal to the rate, at which choline was liberated from phospholipid degradation (Lindmar et al. 1986). Infusion of isoprenaline (2 X 10(-7) mol/l), forskolin (1-3 X 10(-6) mol/l) or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 3 X 10(-4) mol/l) for 40 min markedly enhanced the efflux of choline. The increase was linear during the experimental period and, in the case of isoprenaline, was blocked by 3 X 10(-7) mol/l atenolol. In the guinea-pig heart, IBMX at a threshold concentration of 10(-4) mol/l shifted the concentration-response curve for the effect of forskolin on the efflux of choline to the left by one l…

medicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholIBMXGuinea PigsPhospholipidIn Vitro TechniquesCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineIsoprenaline1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthineReceptors Adrenergic betamedicineCyclic AMPCholineAnimalsPhospholipidsCholinesterasePharmacologyForskolinbiologyMyocardiumColforsinGeneral MedicineMyocardial ContractionReceptors MuscarinicEndocrinologychemistryQuinacrinebiology.proteinCalciumChickensAcetylcholinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Zinc acexamate inhibits gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion in the rat.

1990

Abstract Pretreatment with zinc acexamate (25–100 mg kg−1 i.p.) inhibited acid and pepsinogen secretion in the pylorus-ligated rat. Zinc acexamate (5–50 mg kg−1 p.o.) also inhibited the increases in acid secretion induced by carbachol (10 μg kg−1) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (200 mg kg−1) in the perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat. A delayed antisecretory effect was observed with this drug on histamine induced responses. High concentrations of zinc acexamate (10−5-10−2 M) did not modify the in-vitro activity of pepsin. Administration of zinc acexamate resulted in an increase in the presence of pepsinogen at the mucosal level. A morphological examination of the gastric mucosa confirmed an ac…

medicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementZincGastric Acidchemistry.chemical_compoundPepsinInternal medicinemedicineGastric mucosaAnimalsAnesthesiaPylorusPharmacologyAminocaproatesbiologyPepsinogensChemistryStomachRatsGastric chief cellPerfusionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyGastric MucosaAminocaproic Acidbiology.proteinGastric acidHistaminemedicine.drugThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
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