Search results for "Cardiovascular diseases."
showing 10 items of 2156 documents
Childhood Environmental and Genetic Predictors of Adulthood Obesity: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
2011
Obesity from childhood to adulthood is associated with adverse health later in life. Increased youth BMI is a risk factor for later obesity, but it is unknown whether identification of other risk factors, including recently discovered genetic markers, would help to identify children at risk of developing adult obesity.Our objective was to examine the childhood environmental and genetic predictors of adult obesity.We followed 2119 individuals of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study for up to 27 yr since baseline (1980, age 3-18 yr).We evaluated adult obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m(2)].The independent predictors (P0.05) of adult obesity included childhood BMI, C-reactive pro…
Riskard 2005. New tools for prediction of cardiovascular disease risk derived from Italian population studies.
2005
Abstract Background and aim The need to update tools for the estimate of cardiovascular risk prompted the “Gruppo di Ricerca per la Stima del Rischio Cardiovascolare in Italia” to produce a new chart and new software called Riskard 2005. Methods and results Data from 9 population studies in 8 Italian regions, for a grand total of 17,153 subjects (12,045 men and 5,108 women) aged 35–74 and for a total exposure of about 194,000 person/years were available. A chart for the estimate of cardiovascular risk (major coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral artery disease events) in 10 years was produced for men and women aged 45–74 free from cardiovascular diseases. Risk factors employed in the est…
Circulating mononuclear cells nuclear factor-kappa B activity, plasma xanthine oxidase, and low grade inflammatory markers in adult patients with fam…
2009
Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (2): 89–94 Abstract Background Few data are available on circulating mononuclear cells nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activity and plasma xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH). The goal of the study was to analyse circulating mononuclear cells NF-kB and plasma XO activities in FH patients. Materials and methods Thirty FH index patients and 30 normoglycaemic normocholesterolaemic controls matched by age, gender, body mass index, abdominal circumference and homeostasis model assessment index were studied. Plasma XO and inflammatory markers were measured by standard methods. NF-kB was assayed in circulating mononuclear c…
How does illness severity influence depression, health satisfaction and life satisfaction in patients with cardiovascular disease? The mediating role…
2013
Numerous empirical studies have investigated the relationships between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and patients' psychological well-being, with a focus almost exclusively on its dark side. Very little is known on the impact of illness severity on both negative and positive indicators of patients' well-being, as well as on the psychosocial variables that may mediate this association. Aim of the study was to investigate the impact of illness severity on depression as well as on health satisfaction and life satisfaction of patients undergoing a cardiovascular rehabilitation. It also aimed at testing the mediation of illness perception and self-efficacy beliefs in managing cardiac risk factor…
Obesity and cardiovascular diseases.
1994
Obesity and overweight have great clinical and social significance and are associated with a number of medical and surgical complications. We attempt here to summarize current knowledge on the subject and describe the research we are presently carrying out in this field. After a brief introduction, definition, and discussion of etiopathogenesis, the indexes of ponderal excess and epidemiology are illustrated. The cardiovascular adjustments and the relationships between obesity and hypertension, ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure are then treated. One aim of our investigation was to study the modifications of an entire set of biological and clinical parameters which could co…
HDL subfractions distribution in renal transplant recipients: Lack of evidence of a reduction of HDL2 particles
1996
Since the high rate of cardiovascular disease in renal transplant recipients, alterations of lipoprotein profile in such patients were extensively evaluated, but the HDL subclass profile was not completely clarified. Renal transplant recipients usually show normal to high plasma levels of HDL cholesterol, even if some investigations suggested a persistence of low HDL2 levels: this was not useful in terms of cardiovascular protection. We designed this study in order to evaluate HDL subfractions distribution in renal transplant recipients. We studied 55 renal transplant recipients, treated with prednisone, azathioprine and/or cyclosporine, and 34 healthy normolipidemics as controls. In all su…
Association between the TaqIB polymorphism in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene locus and plasma lipoprotein levels in familial hypercholes…
2001
Abstract Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the exchange of triglycerides (TG) and cholesteryl ester between lipoprotein particles. Subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) have been reported to have higher CETP activities, which could contribute to the lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and increased cardiovascular risk observed in some of these patients. Several polymorphisms have been reported in the CETP locus; the common TaqlB polymorphism is associated, in normolipidemic subjects, with decreased CETP activity and levels and with increased HDL-C levels. No data is available on the influence of this polymorphism in FH subjects. We have e…
Association of Type D personality with cognitive functioning in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: The Gutenberg health study
2016
ObjectiveDistressed (‘Type D’) personality is associated with adverse health outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). While personality traits from the Five-Factor Model are related to cognitive functioning, neither Type D personality nor its underlying traits negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) have been investigated regarding cognition. We therefore compared the predictive value of Type D classification and its subcomponents NA and SI on planning performance in individuals with and without CVD.MethodsType D personality traits (DS14) were determined in a population-based sample of 4026 participants (including 549 with CVD) aged 40–80 years from the Gutenberg…
Image-Guided Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound for Monitoring Posthemorrhagic Vasospasms of Infratentorial Arteries: A Feasibility Study
2019
Background A considerable number of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) develop vasospasms of the infratentorial arteries. Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) is used to screen for vasospasm. In this study, we used a technical modification that combines TCD with an image guidance device that the operator can use to navigate to the ultrasonic window and to predefined intracranial vascular targets. Our aim was to analyze the feasibility, spatial precision, and spatial reproducibility of serial image-guided TCD of infratentorial and—for comparison—supratentorial arteries in the clinical setting of monitoring for vasospasm after SAH. Methods The study included 10 SAH patients, who eac…
Effect of intraarterial papaverine or nimodipine on vessel diameter in patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
2012
Papaverine (P) and nimodipine (N) are the most widely used vasodilators when angiographic and symptomatic vasospasm is present after subarachnoid aneurysmatic hemorrhage (SAH). Their effect is only short-lived and no direct comparisons have been undertaken to evaluate the action of both substances directly. We retrospectively assessed the effect of either P or N on angiographic diameter reduction and capillary blood flow.Fifteen SAH patients with secured aneurysms and cerebral vasospasm received intraarterial P, fifteen similar patients received N. As the primary endpoint, pre- and post-infusion arterial diameters and capillary blood flow were rated retrospectively on angiographies and comp…