Search results for "Catalysis"

showing 10 items of 5944 documents

The Significance of Ionic Bonding in Sulfur Dioxide: Bond Orders from X-ray Diffraction Data

2012

A novel refinement technique for X‐ray diffraction data has been employed to derive S-O bond orders in sulfur dioxide experimentally. The results show that ionic S-O bonding dominates over hypervalency.

DiffractionSulfonylchemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureChemistryInorganic chemistryHypervalent moleculeIonic bondingGeneral ChemistryBond orderCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundX-Ray DiffractionX-ray crystallography540 ChemistryHumansSulfur DioxideMoleculePhysical chemistry570 Life sciences; biologySulfur dioxide
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Enhanced Surface Ligands Reactivity of Metal Clusters by Bulky Ligands for Controlling Optical and Chiral Properties.

2021

Surface ligands play critical roles in determining the surface properties of metal clusters. However, modulating the properties and controlling the surface structure of clusters through surface‐capping agent displacement remain a challenge. In this work, a silver cluster, [Ag 14 (SPh(CF 3 ) 2 ) 12 (PPh 3 ) 4 (DMF) 4 ] ( Ag 14 ‐DMF , where HSPh(CF 3 ) 2 is 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenethiol, PPh 3 is triphenylphosphine and DMF is N,N‐Dimethylformamide), with weakly coordinated DMF ligands on the surface silver sites, was synthesized by using a mixed ligands strategy (bulky thiolates, phosphines and small solvents). The as‐prepared Ag 14 ‐DMF is a racemic mixture of chiral molecules. Owing …

DiffractionSurface (mathematics)Circular dichroismkemiachiralitynanoclusterengineering.material010402 general chemistryoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural sciencesCatalysisklusteritjalometallitReactivity (chemistry)silvermetallitnoble metalSurface reactivity010405 organic chemistryChemistryhopeamolekyylitpintarakenteetGeneral ChemistryGeneral Medicineligandit0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographysurface reactivityengineeringrajapinnat (pinnat)Noble metalChirality (chemistry)Metal clustersAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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Selective guest inclusion of linear C6 hydrocarbons in a Zn(ii) 1D coordination polymer

2021

Trapping of volatile unbranched C6 hydrocarbons (hexane, 1-hexene, and 1-hexyne) in a 1D coordination polymer is reported. The guest inclusion was studied quantitatively by 1H-NMR analysis and thermogravimetric measurements, while synchrotron single-crystal diffraction data allowed advancing the view of their confinement into linear CP channels. Adsorption experiments performed through solid/vapour processes on microcrystals of CP 1 showed a certain degree of selectivity for 1-hexyne, which could be rationalized by its larger dipole moment.

DiffractionThermogravimetric analysisCoordination polymerGeneral ChemistryCatalysisSynchrotronlaw.inventionHexanechemistry.chemical_compoundDipoleAdsorptionchemistrylawMaterials ChemistryPhysical chemistrySelectivityNew Journal of Chemistry
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A Mononuclear Uranium(IV) Single-Molecule Magnet with an Azobenzene Radical Ligand

2015

A tetravalent uranium compound with a radical azobenzene ligand, namely, [{(SiMe2NPh)3‐tacn}UIV(η2‐N2Ph2.)] (2), was obtained by one‐electron reduction of azobenzene by the trivalent uranium compound [UIII{(SiMe2NPh)3‐tacn}] (1). Compound 2 was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and 1H NMR, IR, and UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy. The magnetic properties of 2 and precursor 1 were studied by static magnetization and ac susceptibility measurements, which for the former revealed single‐molecule magnet behaviour for the first time in a mononuclear UIV compound, whereas trivalent uranium compound 1 does not exhibit slow relaxation of the magnetization at low temperatures. A first approxim…

DiffractionUNESCO::QUÍMICARadicalOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryUranium7. Clean energy:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]CatalysisCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetizationchemistryAzobenzeneMagnetOrganic chemistrySingle-molecule magnetElectrostatic model
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Two Consecutive Magneto-Structural Gas-Solid Transformations in Non-Porous Molecular Materials

2018

Modification of the magnetic properties in a solid-state material upon external stimulus has attracted much attention in the recent years for their potential applications as switches and sensors. Within the field of coordination polymers, gas sorption studies typically focus on porous solids, with the gas molecules accommodating in the channels. Here we present a 1D non-porous coordination polymer capable of incorporating HCl gas molecules, which not only causes a reordering of its atoms in the solid state but also provokes dramatic changes in the magnetic behavior. Subsequently, a further solid-gas transformation can occur with the extrusion of HCl gas molecules causing a second structural…

Diffractionchemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryCoordination polymerMagnetismOrganic ChemistrySorptionGeneral ChemistryPolymer010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesReaccions químiqueschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical physicsMoleculeExtrusionPorosityMaterialsChemistry - A European Journal
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Perfluoro-1,1′-biphenyl and perfluoronaphthalene and their derivatives as π-acceptors for anions

2015

Addition of anions to perfluorinated 1,1′-biphenyl 1 or naphthalene 2 results in a shift of the 19F NMR signals. However, any specific interaction cannot be assigned to this effect. In order to study the interaction in more detail, the salt derivatives 3 and 4 were prepared and studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction revealing weak anion–π interactions in the solid state.

Diffractionchemistry.chemical_classificationBiphenylanion-pi interactionsSolid-stateSalt (chemistry)General ChemistryFluorine-19 NMRCatalysisIonCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryta116Single crystalNaphthaleneNew Journal of Chemistry
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Long Periods in Drawn Polyethylene

1962

Meridional reflections appearing in small-angle X-ray diffraction diagrams of drawn polyethylene are caused by a nearly periodic arrangement of crystalline and disordered regions. The long period, which is determined by the average distance between two consecutive crystallites, depends on the method of preparing the sample. The time and temperature dependences of the positions of the small-angle reflections have been investigated. The growth of the long period of unoriented bulk polyethlene and polyethylene single crystal follows the same time dependence as that of stretched films. However, characteristic differences were obseved in the relationship between density and long period; they are…

Diffractionchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMaterials sciencechemistryLong periodZonal and meridionalGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryCrystallitePolyethyleneSingle crystalCatalysisAngewandte Chemie International Edition in English
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STACKING-FAULTS IN VERY FINE PALLADIUM PARTICLES SUPPORTED ON PUMICE

1990

By means of an X-ray diffraction study, carried out with best-fitting procedures, of the asymmetry and peak maximum shifts of some reflections, stacking-faults in the FCC lattice of very fine palladium particles supported on pumice were detected using the Warren-Wagner-Cohen theoretical approach.

DiffractionmicrostructureStackingMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementmicrostructure; pumice; Stacking-faults; X-ray diffraction of palladium particles;General ChemistryMicrostructureStacking-faultsCatalysischemistryTransition metalPumicepumiceX-ray crystallographyComposite materialX-ray diffraction of palladium particlesPalladiumStacking fault
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Inorganic gels as precursors of TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by low temperature microwave or thermal treatment

2008

Abstract A simple procedure for preparing active TiO2 photocatalysts is presented. The starting materials were unusual TiO2 gels formed from TiCl4. The use of microwaves for a very short time enhanced the TiO2 crystallinity preventing an increase of particle size and minimizing the decrease of specific surface area. This result makes this preparation very attractive. The formation of the gels was monitored through measurements of viscosity. All the samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and BET specific surface area measurements. The photoactivity of the samples was evaluated using the photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol in liquid–solid regi…

Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformChemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyMineralogyThermal treatmentCatalysisTiO2 gelMicrowave treatmentsTitanium oxideCrystallinityPhotocatalysiChemical engineeringSpecific surface areaPhotodegradationPhotocatalysisParticle sizePhotodegradationGeneral Environmental Science
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Sol-gel synthesis and photocatalytic activity of ZnO-SnO2 nanocomposites

2014

Abstract ZnO–SnO 2 nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile sol–gel synthesis route and characterized through X-ray diffraction, BET specific surface area analysis, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was tested using the degradation of 4-nitrophenol under UV light as model reaction. The ZnO/SnO 2 molar ratio was varied in order to study its influence on the photoefficiency of the samples. The ZnO–SnO 2 nanocomposites showed higher photoactivity than the pure oxides and in particular the sample with ZnO/SnO 2 mol…

Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformChemistryScanning electron microscopeProcess Chemistry and TechnologyAnalytical chemistryHeterojunctionCatalysisZnO-SnO2 nanocompositePhotocatalysiX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyHeterojunction effectSpecific surface areaPhotocatalysisPhotocatalysis; ZnO-SnO2 nanocomposites; Sol-gel method; Heterojunction effectSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologiePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopySol-gel methodSol-gel
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