Search results for "Cell Adhesion Molecule"

α-Lipoic acid reduces expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and endothelial adhesion of human monocytes after stimulation with advanced gly…

1999

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been identified as relevant mediators of late diabetic complications such as atherosclerotic disease. The endothelial migration of monocytes is one of the first steps in atherogenesis and monocyte-endothelial interaction itself is linked to the expression of adhesion molecules like vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Recently, stimulation of VCAM-1 by AGEs has been demonstrated. Since endothelial stimulation by AGEs is followed by generation of oxygen free radicals with subsequent activation of nuclear transcription factor kappaB, we investigated the influence of alpha-lipoic acid on the expression of VCAM-1 and monocyte adherence to endot…

Abacavir and didanosine induce the interaction between human leukocytes and endothelial cells through Mac-1 upregulation

2010

Objective: Abacavir and didanosine are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) widely used in therapy for HIV-infection but which have been linked to cardiovascular complications. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of clinically relevant doses of abacavir and didanosine on human leukocyte―endothelium interactions and to compare them with those of other NRTIs. Design and methods: The interactions between human leukocytes ― specifically peripheral blood polymorphonuclear (PMN) or mononuclear (PBMC) cells ― and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated in a flow chamber system that reproduces conditions in vivo. The expression of adhesion molecules wa…

Differential regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression by nitric oxide donors and antioxidants.

1998

Although nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidants inhibit adhesion molecule expression, their inhibitory effects on nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation may differ. The NO donors, but not 8-bromo-cGMP, decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin expression by 11-70%. In contrast, NAC completely abolished VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression and decreased ICAM-1 expression by 56%. Gel shift assays demonstrate that NF-kappaB activation was inhibited by both NO and antioxidants. The activation of NF-kappaB involves the phosphorylation and degradation of its cytoplasmic inhibitor IkappaB-alpha by 26S proteasomes. The 26S proteasome inhibitor MG132 prev…

Differential effects of anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-12/23 agents on human leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions

2015

AbstractEnhanced leukocyte recruitment is an inflammatory process that occurs during early phases of the vascular dysfunction that characterises atherosclerosis. We evaluated the impact of anti-TNF-α (adalimumab, infliximab and etanercept) and anti-IL-12/23 (ustekinumab) on interactions between human leukocytes and endothelial cells in a flow chamber that reproduced in vivo conditions. Clinical concentrations of anti-TNF-α were evaluated on the leukocyte recruitment induced by a variety of endothelial (TNF-α, interleukin-1β, lymphotoxin-α and angiotensin-II) and leukocyte (PAF, IL-12 and IL-23) stimuli related to inflammation and atherosclerosis. Treatment with anti-TNF-α, even before or af…

E-selectin modulates the malignant properties of T84 colon carcinoma cells.

2002

The extravasation of metastatic cells is regulated by molecular events involving the initial adhesion of tumor cells to the endothelium and subsequently the migration of cells in the host connective tissue. E-selectin on endothelial cells and sialyl Lewis X carbohydrate component on tumor cells are mainly involved in the adhesion of colon carcinoma cells to the endothelium of target organ. Interaction of T84 colon cancer cells to purified E-selectin in vitro caused an increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of proteins as well as the modulation of cellular properties correlated to the metastatic phenotype. Specifically, E-selectin-stimulated actin reorganization, increased coll…

Lymphatic endothelial progenitors bud from the cardinal vein and intersomitic vessels in mammalian embryos.

2012

Abstract The lymphatic vasculature preserves tissue fluid balance by absorbing fluid and macromolecules and transporting them to the blood vessels for circulation. The stepwise process leading to the formation of the mammalian lymphatic vasculature starts by the expression of the gene Prox1 in a subpopulation of blood endothelial cells (BECs) on the cardinal vein (CV) at approximately E9.5. These Prox1-expressing lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) will exit the CV to form lymph sacs, primitive structures from which the entire lymphatic network is derived. Until now, no conclusive information was available regarding the cellular processes by which these LEC progenitors exit the CV without co…

Antibodies to proteinase 3 increase adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells

1993

SUMMARY The detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), especially those with specificity for proteinase 3, is important in the diagnosis and in monitoring disease activity of Wegener's granulomatosis and related vasculitides. An ubiquitous feature of all ANCA-associated acute vascular injury is lytic necrosis. Adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium is a fundamental early step of the inflammatory response. Recently we were able to show that ANCA recognize their target antigen (proteinase 3) translocated into the membrane of human endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ANCA on the adhesion of neutrophils to human endothelial cells. Incubatio…

Endothelial adhesion molecules in essential hypertension: response to arginine infusion

2001

Stick around: Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development

2020

The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to stablish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contacts with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell-cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classi…

Integrins α5β1, αvβ1, and αvβ6 Collaborate in Squamous Carcinoma Cell Spreading and Migration on Fibronectin

2000

Abstract The expression of αvβ6 fibronectin/tenascin receptor integrin is induced in malignant transformation of oral epithelium. In this study, we demonstrate the contribution of αvβ6 as well as other fibronectin receptor integrins in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell adhesion and migration. Of 11 SCC cell lines isolated from the head and neck area, 8 (73%) expressed αvβ6 integrin on the cell surface. Three cell lines were chosen for further functional experiments: 1 with relatively high, 1 with moderate, and 1 with minimal surface expression of αvβ6 integrin. In addition to αvβ6, all 3 cell lines expressed α5β1 and αvβ1 fibronectin receptor integrins. Function-blocking experiments with i…