Search results for "Cell Nucleu"
showing 10 items of 379 documents
Neuroprotection elicited by P2Y13 receptors against genotoxic stress by inducing DUSP2 expression and MAPK signaling recovery.
2014
AbstractNucleotides activating P2Y13 receptors display neuroprotective actions against different apoptotic stimuli in cerebellar granule neurons. In the present study, P2Y13 neuroprotection was analyzed in conditions of genotoxic stress. Exposure to cisplatin and UV radiation induced caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell death, and p38 MAPK signaling de-regulation. Pre-treatment with P2Y13 nucleotide agonist, 2methyl-thio-ADP (2MeSADP), restored granule neuron survival and prevented p38 long-lasting activation induced by cytotoxic treatments. Microarray gene expression analysis in 2MeSADP-stimulated cells revealed over-representation of genes related to protein phosphatase activity. Among them…
Aminopropyltransferases involved in polyamine biosynthesis localize preferentially in the nucleus of plant cells
2012
Plant aminopropyltransferases consist of a group of enzymes that transfer aminopropyl groups derived from decarboxylated S-adenosyl-methionine (dcAdoMet or dcSAM) to propylamine acceptors to produce polyamines, ubiquitous metabolites with positive charge at physiological pH. Spermidine synthase (SPDS) uses putrescine as amino acceptor to form spermidine, whereas spermine synthase (SPMS) and thermospermine synthase (TSPMS) use spermidine as acceptor to synthesize the isomers spermine and thermospermine respectively. In previous work it was shown that both SPDS1 and SPDS2 can physically interact with SPMS although no data concerning the subcellular localization was reported. Here we study the…
Strong reproductive barriers in a narrow hybrid zone of West-Mediterranean green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup) with Plio-Pleistocene divergence
2010
Abstract Background One key question in evolutionary biology deals with the mode and rate at which reproductive isolation accumulates during allopatric speciation. Little is known about secondary contacts of recently diverged anuran species. Here we conduct a multi-locus field study to investigate a contact zone between two lineages of green toads with an estimated divergence time of 2.7 My, and report results from preliminary experimental crosses. Results The Sicilian endemic Bufo siculus and the Italian mainland-origin B. balearicus form a narrow hybrid zone east of Mt. Etna. Despite bidirectional mtDNA introgression over a ca. 40 km North-South cline, no F1 hybrids could be found, and nu…
Sexually Dimorphic Behavioral Profile in a Transgenic Model Enabling Targeted Recombination in Active Neurons in Response to Ketamine and (2R,6R)-Hyd…
2020
Background: Rapid-acting antidepressants ketamine and (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine ((2R,6R)-HNK) have overcome some of the major limitations of classical antidepressants. However, little is known about sex-specific differences in the behavioral and molecular effects of ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK in rodents. Methods: We treated mice with an intraperitoneal injection of either saline, ketamine (30 mg kg&minus
Regulatory T cell deficient scurfy mice exhibit a Th2/M2-like inflammatory response in the skin
2017
Abstract Background Scurfy mice have a functional defect in regulatory T cells (Treg), which leads to lethal multi-organ inflammation. The missing Treg function results in uncontrolled autoimmune cellular and humoral inflammatory responses. We and others have previously shown that during the course of disease scurfy mice develop severe skin inflammation and autoantibodies including anti-nuclear autoantibodies (ANA). Objective Autoimmune skin inflammation and ANA are hallmarks for the diagnosis of autoimmune connective tissue diseases; therefore we analyzed scurfy mice for typical signs of these diseases. Methods Indirect immunofluorescence was used to specify the ANA pattern in scurfy mice.…
Induction of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor by fenofibrate in rat liver
1992
AbstractThe process of peroxisome proliferation in rodent liver by hypolipidemic compounds and related substances has recently been shown to be receptor-madiated. In the present study, we have examined the effect of oral administration of the strong peroxisome proliferator fenofibrate on the hepatic expression level of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) in rats. Immunoblots of rat liver cytosols and nuclear extracs using antibodies raised against recombinant PPAR/β-galactosidase fusion proteins revealed a pronounced increase in the amount of PPAR protein in response to fenofibrate treatment. This induction could also be confirmed at the level or RNA by Northern blotting. …
Aging-induced Up-regulation of Nuclear Binding Activities of Oxidative Stress Responsive NF-kB Transcription Factor in Mouse Cardiac Muscle
1996
The accumulation of lipofuscin to cardiomyocytes is a classical parameter of aging and is believed to reflect oxidative stress. NF-kB transcription factor complex is one of the cellular sensors which responds to oxidative stress and regulates gene expression. Our purpose was to study whether aging affects the level and distribution of DNA binding activities of NF-kB transcription factors both in cardiac sarcoplasm and nuclear extracts. We used electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) to characterize the DNA binding activities of NF-kB and two other transcription factors. AP-1 and Sp-1, in the myocardium of 4 months and 24 months old male and female NMRI-mice. The protein levels of p50, …
The ISWI chromatin remodeler organizes the hsrω ncRNA-containing omega speckle nuclear compartments.
2011
The complexity in composition and function of the eukaryotic nucleus is achieved through its organization in specialized nuclear compartments. The Drosophila chromatin remodeling ATPase ISWI plays evolutionarily conserved roles in chromatin organization. Interestingly, ISWI genetically interacts with the hsrω gene, encoding multiple non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) essential, among other functions, for the assembly and organization of the omega speckles. The nucleoplasmic omega speckles play important functions in RNA metabolism, in normal and stressed cells, by regulating availability of hnRNPs and some other RNA processing proteins. Chromatin remodelers, as well as nuclear speckles and their assoc…
Factors influencing survival after resection of pancreatic cancer. A DNA analysis and a histomorphologic study
1994
BACKGROUND The influence of DNA content on prognosis in stomach cancer has been investigated rarely, and the results are controversial. METHOD The prognostic relevance of the DNA content and histomorphologic parameters was evaluated in 41 patients after resection of pancreatic cancer. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, the DNA content, tumor size, lymph node status, tumor stage, nuclear grade, and type of resection had a statistically significant influence on the prognosis. No association was found between the DNA content and the histomorphologic features. Apart from the operative procedure, the DNA content was the strongest indicator of prognosis in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS …
Studies on protein kinases involved in regulation of nucleocytoplasmic mRNA transport
1988
The rate of energy-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase)-mediated nucleocytoplasmic translocation of poly(A)-containing mRNA [poly(A)+mRNA] across the nuclear envelope is thought to be regulated by poly(A)-sensitive phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of nuclear-envelope protein. Studying the phosphorylation-related inhibition of the NTPase, we found that phosphorylation of one polypeptide of rat liver envelopes by endogenous NI- and NII-like protein kinase was particularly sensitive to poly(A). This polypeptide (106 kDa) was also phosphorylated by nuclear-envelope-bound Ca2+-activated and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). Activation of kinase C by tumour-pr…