Search results for "Cell Nucleus"

showing 10 items of 379 documents

Subcellular localization and nucleosome specificity of yeast histone acetyltransferases

1991

We have previously reported [López-Rodas et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 19028-19033] that the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four histone acetyltransferases, which can be resolved by ion-exchange chromatography, and their specificity toward yeast free histones was studied. In the present contribution we show that three of the enzymes are nuclear, type A histone acetyltransferases and they are able to acetylate nucleosome-bound histones. They differ in their histone specificity. Enzyme A1 acetylates H2A in chicken nucleosomes, although it is specific for yeast free H2B; histone acetyltransferase A2 is highly specific for H3, and histone acetyltransferase A3 preparations acetylate…

Cell NucleusHistone AcetyltransferasesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsbiologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeHistone acetyltransferaseChromatography Ion ExchangeBiochemistryAmidohydrolasesNucleosomesSubstrate SpecificityHistonesBiochemistryHistone H1AcetyltransferasesHistone methylationHistone H2Abiology.proteinHistone codeHistone octamerHistone deacetylase activityHistone AcetyltransferasesBiochemistry
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Properties of the yeast nuclear histone deacetylase.

1994

A nuclear histone deacetylase from yeast was partially purified and some of its characteristics were studied. Histone deacetylase activity was stimulated in vitro by high-mobility-group nonhistone chromatin proteins 1 and 2 and ubiquitin and inhibited by spermine and spermidine, whereas n-butyrate had no significant inhibitory effect. Like the mammalian enzyme, partially purified histone deacetylase from yeast was strongly inhibited by trichostatin A. However, in crude extract preparations the yeast enzyme was not inhibited and treatment with trichostatin in vivo did not show any effect, either on the histone acetylation level or on cell viability. At low ionic strength, the enzyme can be i…

Cell NucleusHistone deacetylase 5HDAC11ChemistryHistone deacetylase 2HDAC10Cell BiologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeHydroxamic AcidsBiochemistryHistone DeacetylasesSubstrate SpecificityHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsMolecular WeightTrichostatin ABiochemistrymedicineChromatography GelHistone deacetylase activityHistone deacetylaseMolecular Biologymedicine.drugDeacetylase activityResearch ArticleThe Biochemical journal
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Cytology of Thamnidium elegans Link. II. Distribution and behaviour of nuclei in hyphae, sporangiophores and sporangiospores.

1976

The resting nuclei in hyphae, sporangiophores and sporangiospores of sporangia and sporangiola of Thamnidium elegans consist of a large centrals nucleolus and a shell of chromatin surrounding the nucleolus. Division of the nucleus in hyphae and sporangiospores is achieved by elongation and constriction.

Cell NucleusHyphaNucleolusSporangiumFungiGeneral MedicineThamnidium elegansBiologySpores FungalBiochemistryMicrobiologyCell biologyNuclear divisionmedicine.anatomical_structureCytologyGeneticsmedicineMucoralesMolecular BiologyNucleusCell DivisionArchives of microbiology
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PARTICIPATION OF RAT LIVER NUCLEI IN MOVEMENTS OF SODIUM.

1964

In vitro investigations of movements of sodium with muscular tissue seem to have shown that the non-extracellular sodium belongs to more than one phase1. The existence of either a membranous and a cellular phase2 or of two cellular phases with different degrees of order3 has been discussed. We wish to present some experimental findings which may well contribute to the interpretation of sodium transfer processes in animal tissue.

Cell NucleusIonsMultidisciplinaryLiver cytologySodiumMovementResearchSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementMetabolismIn vitroCell biologyRatsCell nucleusmedicine.anatomical_structureMetabolismchemistryLiverRat livermedicineLiver functionNature
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A novel SP-1 site in the human interleukin-1β promoter confers preferential transcriptional activity in keratinocytes

1996

To investigate the mechanisms of transcriptional activation of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in non-monocytic cells, we constructed a series of reporter plasmids with the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene linked to various parts of the human IL-1beta promoter and performed transient transfection experiments. We identified a promoter segment that activates transcription most efficiently in keratinocytes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) with a 43-mer oligonucleotide derived from the functionally identified cis-acting element revealed specific complexes. By competition analysis with transcription factor consensus sequence oligonucleotides and by immunosupershift, tra…

Cell NucleusKeratinocytesTranscriptional ActivationSp1 transcription factorTranscription GeneticSp1 Transcription FactorTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaImmunologyResponse elementBiologyMolecular biologyMonocytesChloramphenicol acetyltransferaseGenes ReporterTranscription (biology)MutationConsensus sequenceTranscriptional regulationHumansImmunology and AllergyPromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factorGeneCell Line TransformedInterleukin-1European Journal of Immunology
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Time-related changes in size of nuclei of pinealocytes in rats

1981

In a study of 96 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, da- and time-related changes of the mean nuclear volume of pinealocytes were determined with the aim of testing the reproducibility of the karyometric findings described by Quay and Renzoni (1966). It is shown (i) that statistically significant differences exist between the central and peripheral mean volumes of pinealocyte nuclei/group of animals and time point (p less than 0.001), (ii) that the day and time related differences are statistically different in both regions (p less than 0.001), (iii) that in the center and periphery of the pineal body different diurnal patterns exist, and (iv) that the diurnal patterns are not parallel in the t…

Cell NucleusMaleTime-related changesAnalysis of Variancemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsHistologyAdult maleKaryometryCell BiologyBiologyPineal GlandCircadian RhythmRatsPathology and Forensic MedicinePinealocyteCortex (botany)EndocrinologyRhythmInfradian rhythmInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsCircadian rhythmMedullaCell and Tissue Research
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The autoantigen La/SSB: detection on and uptake by mitotic cells.

1992

Abstract The nuclear autoantigen La, a transcription/termination factor of RNA polymerase III, was recently shown to translocalize to the cell surface of growth-stimulated cells during transition from G0- to G1-phase. Here we describe the staining of living mitotic cells with the anti-La mab La11G7. Moreover, La protein added to cell culture medium was able to enter into synchronized mitotic cells. Uptake was inhibited by the anti-La mab. La protein taken up into prophase cells assembled into a fibrillar network. Taken up by ana/telophase cells, La protein was preferentially transported into the newly forming or formed nuclei. This import allowed us to study directly the intranuclear locali…

Cell NucleusNucleoplasmNucleolusCell MembraneAntibodies MonoclonalG0 phaseCell BiologyBiologyMolecular biologyAutoantigensProphaseAntibodiesCell LineCell nucleusmedicine.anatomical_structureRibonucleoproteinsCell culturemedicineTelophaseNuclear proteinTelophaseAnaphaseMitosisExperimental cell research
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Characterization of a nuclear localization signal of canine parvovirus capsid proteins.

1998

We investigated the abilities of synthetic peptides mimicking the potential nuclear localization signal of canine parvovirus (CPV) capsid proteins to translocate a carrier protein to the nucleus following microinjection into the cytoplasm of A72 cells. Possible nuclear localization sequences were chosen for synthesis from CPV capsid protein sequences (VP1, VP2) on the basis of the presence of clustered basic residues, which is a common theme in most of the previously identified targeting peptides. Nuclear targeting activity was found within the N-terminal residues 4-13 (PAKRARRGYK) of the VP1 capsid protein. While replacement of Arg10 with glycine did not affect the activity, replacement of…

Cell NucleusParvovirus CanineWheat Germ AgglutininsvirusesNuclear Localization SignalsTemperatureBiological TransportBiologyBiochemistryWheat germ agglutininCell nucleusmedicine.anatomical_structureAdenosine TriphosphateCapsidDogsBiochemistryCapsidCytoplasmmedicineTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsNuclear proteinNuclear transportNuclear poreNuclear localization sequenceEuropean journal of biochemistry
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Binucleate cells in the Ehrlich ascites tumor. Autoradiographic labeling

1989

Abstract An autoradiographic study was performed on binucleate and mitotic cells in the Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) untreated and after treatment with 5-fluorouracil (FU). The number of binucleate cells was greater in the treated tumor than in the controls. It was also observed that the number of labeled mitoses was greater in the Fu-treated tumor. Autoradiographic labeling showed that the cells that proved to be binucleate had previously passed through S-phase; thus, these cells belonged to the proliferative compartment.

Cell NucleusPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBinucleated cellsMice Inbred StrainsCell BiologyGeneral MedicineCompartment (chemistry)BiologyTritiumEhrlich ascitesMiceBiochemistryMitotic IndexmedicineAnimalsAutoradiographyFemaleFluorouracilCarcinoma Ehrlich TumorMitosisAfter treatmentThymidineBiology of the Cell
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Rôle of the nucleus in the maintenance of the protein level in the algaAcetabularia mediterranea

1954

Sono state studiate le variazioni del rapporto tra l'N proteico e non proteico in segmenti rigeneranti, nucleati ed anucleati, diAcetabul. medit. I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato che il predetto rapporto aumenta in entrambi i segmenti il primo giorno dopo l'operazione. Nei giorni seguenti esso diminuisce in entrambi i segmenti, ma piu sensibilmente in quelli anucleati, nei quali va al di sotto del valore medio delle alghe normali gia dopo il 3°–4° giorno.

Cell NucleusPharmacologyMaintenanceProteinsProtein levelCell BiologyBiologyMolecular biologyAcetabulariaCellular and Molecular Neurosciencemedicine.anatomical_structureProteins metabolismmedicineMolecular MedicineAcetabularia mediterraneaMolecular BiologyNucleusExperientia
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