Search results for "Cell Size"

showing 10 items of 49 documents

Effect of raster resolution and polygon-conversion algorithm on landslide susceptibility mapping

2016

The choice of the proper resolution in landslide susceptibility mapping is a worth considering issue. If, on the one hand, a coarse spatial resolution may describe the terrain morphologic properties with low accuracy, on the other hand, at very fine resolutions, some of the DEM-derived morphometric factors may hold an excess of details. Moreover, the landslide inventory maps are represented throughout geospatial vector data structure, therefore a conversion procedure vector-to-raster is required.This work investigates the effects of raster resolution on the susceptibility mapping in conjunction with the use of different algorithms of vector-raster conversion. The Artificial Neural Network t…

Artificial neural networkResamplingEnvironmental EngineeringGeospatial analysis010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceArtificial neural network; Grid-cell size; Landslide susceptibility mapping; Resampling; Vector-to-raster conversion; Ecological Modeling; Environmental Engineering; Software0208 environmental biotechnologyComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONTerrain02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesArray data structureGrid-cell sizeImage resolutionLandslide susceptibility mapping0105 earth and related environmental sciencesArtificial neural networkEcological ModelingSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaVector-to-raster conversionLandslidecomputer.file_format020801 environmental engineeringPolygonRaster graphicscomputerAlgorithmSoftwareEnvironmental Modelling & Software
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Cell volume homeostatically controls the rDNA repeat copy number and rRNA synthesis rate in yeast

2021

[Abstract] The adjustment of transcription and translation rates to the changing needs of cells is of utmost importance for their fitness and survival. We have previously shown that the global transcription rate for RNA polymerase II in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated in relation to cell volume. Total mRNA concentration is constant with cell volume since global RNApol II-dependent nascent transcription rate (nTR) also keeps constant but mRNA stability increases with cell size. In this paper, we focus on the case of rRNA and RNA polymerase I. Contrarily to that found for RNA pol II, we detected that RNA polymerase I nTR increases proportionally to genome copies and cell s…

Cancer ResearchTranscription GeneticCellGene ExpressionRNA polymerase IIYeast and Fungal ModelsProtein SynthesisQH426-470HaploidyBiochemistryPolymerasesSirtuin 2Transcription (biology)RNA Polymerase IHomeostasisCell Cycle and Cell DivisionGenetics (clinical)Silent Information Regulator Proteins Saccharomyces cerevisiaebiologyTranscriptional ControlEukaryotaChemical SynthesisGenomicsCell biologyNucleic acidsmedicine.anatomical_structureExperimental Organism SystemsRibosomal RNARNA polymeraseCell ProcessesRNA Polymerase IIResearch ArticleCell biologyCellular structures and organellesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsBiosynthetic TechniquesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeResearch and Analysis MethodsDNA RibosomalSaccharomycesModel OrganismsCyclinsDNA-binding proteinsmedicineRNA polymerase IGeneticsGene RegulationNon-coding RNAMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsCell SizeMessenger RNACèl·lules eucariotesOrganismsFungiRNABiology and Life SciencesProteinsGenes rRNARibosomal RNAModels Theoreticalbiology.organism_classificationYeastGenòmicabiology.proteinAnimal StudiesRNARibosomes
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Human HepG2 and rat Fao hepatic-derived cell lines show different responses to ciprofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator: analysis by flow cytometry.

1996

Abstract Peroxisome proliferators, and especially hypolipidemic drugs such as ciprofibrate, are known to be hepatocarcinogens in rodents, but their effect in humans is controversial. In an attempt to investigate the effects of ciprofibrate at a cellular level, the analysis of individual whole cells was performed by flow cytometry on samples from two hepatic-derived cell lines: the rat Fao cell line and the human HepG2 cell line. The increase of light scatter signals in rat Fao cells treated for 3 days with ciprofibrate at 250 μMwas related to modifications of intrinsic cellular parameters, such as size and cytoplasmic granularity. Conversely, no variations appeared in human HepG2-treated ce…

Carcinoma HepatocellularLightPeroxisome ProliferationBiologyCytoplasmic GranulesMicrobodiesFlow cytometryClofibric AcidmedicineTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsHumansScattering RadiationCell SizeHypolipidemic Agentschemistry.chemical_classificationOxidase testmedicine.diagnostic_testCell CycleLiver NeoplasmsFibric AcidsCell BiologyDNA NeoplasmCell cycleFlow CytometryCell biologyRatsEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryLiverCytoplasmCell cultureCiprofibrateOxidoreductasesCell Divisionmedicine.drugExperimental cell research
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Ordered networks of rat hippocampal neurons attached to silicon oxide surfaces.

2001

The control of neuronal cell position and outgrowth is of fundamental interest in the development of applications ranging from cellular biosensors to tissue engineering. We have produced rectangular networks of functional rat hippocampal neurons on silicon oxide surfaces. Attachment and network formation of neurons was guided by a geometrical grid pattern of the adhesion peptide PA22-2 which matches in sequence a part of the A-chain of laminin. PA22-2 was applied by contact printing onto the functionalised silicon oxide surface and was immobilised by hetero-bifunctional cross-linking with sulfo-GMBS. Geometric pattern matching was achieved by microcontact printing using a polydimethylsiloxa…

Cell Culture TechniquesNanotechnologyBiosensing TechniquesHippocampusMembrane Potentialschemistry.chemical_compoundFetusmedicineBiological neural networkCell AdhesionAnimalsSilicon oxideCells CulturedCell SizeMembrane potentialNeuronsPolydimethylsiloxaneChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceSilicon CompoundsPDMS stampOxidesAdhesionRatsElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureMicrocontact printingBiophysicsNeuronNerve NetPeptidesJournal of neuroscience methods
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Comparison of viability assays for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts after disinfection.

2003

Abstract In order to test various viability assays for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were used to infect HCT-8 cells in vitro or baby mice. Infected cells were either stained with fluorescent anti- Cryptosporidium -antibody or lysed and subjected to C. parvum- specific PCR after 48 h. Titrations with infective oocysts were performed and compared to oocysts disinfected with Neopredisan © for 2 h at varying concentrations. Caecal smears and histological sections from infected animals were examined in parallel. The number of foci of parasite development in vitro after immunofluorescent staining correlated well with the infection dose. PCR was less quantifiable and the results were not always …

Cell Survivalanimal diseasesFluorescent Antibody TechniqueImmunofluorescencePolymerase Chain ReactionMicrobiologyCell LineCresolsMiceparasitic diseasesmedicineParasite hostingAnimalsCell SizeInfectivityCryptosporidium parvumGeneral Veterinarymedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugOocystsCryptosporidiumGeneral MedicineDNA Protozoanbiology.organism_classificationVirologyIn vitroStainingFungicides IndustrialDisinfectionCryptosporidium parvumbiology.proteinParasitologyAntibodyVeterinary parasitology
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Nitrate uptake rates in freshwater plankton: the effect of food web structure

2008

9 pages, 3 figure, 1 table

CladoceransAquatic ScienceOceanographyZooplanktonCopepodschemistry.chemical_compoundAlgaeNitrateRotifersPhytoplanktonRuidera Lakes National ParkEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologybiologyEcology15NNitrogen isotopesfungiBiogeochemistryPlanktonbiology.organism_classificationFood webCell sizechemistryMicrocosmFreshwater plankton
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Granulometric analysis of corneal endothelium specular images by using a germ–grain model

2007

Specular microscopy is widely used to study the human corneal endothelium status in vivo. In this paper, the corneal endothelium is represented as a binary image composed of the cell inscribed circles. The granulometric distribution function of the complement of this image is used as a functional descriptor, which provides information about the shape, size and spatial arrangement of cells. Experimental evaluation using bootstrap techniques shows its ability to discriminate between controls and pathological cases. It represents a reliable and graphical alternative to the classical indices (cell density, hexagonality and coefficient of variation of cell areas), which behave poorly when detect…

Corneal endotheliumMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCell CountHealth InformaticsCell densityImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansComputer SimulationComputer visionGermSpecular reflectionCell SizeMicroscopyFourier Analysisbusiness.industryBinary imageEndothelium CornealNumerical Analysis Computer-AssistedComputer Science ApplicationsOphthalmoscopySPECULAR MICROSCOPYArtificial intelligenceBiological systembusinessSoftwareShape analysis (digital geometry)Computers in Biology and Medicine
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Long-lasting exocytosis and massive structural reorganisation in the egg periphery during cortical reaction inPlatynereis dumerilii(Annelida, Polycha…

1995

SummaryThe course of the cortical reaction in thePlatynereis dumeriliiegg is described from live observation and from sectioned fixed material and is found to differ in several aspects from the course of cortical reactions in better-known systems. Cortical granules are unusually numerous. They are discharged by exocytosis during a period of about 25 min following fertilisation (18°C). Most of the surplus membrane material brought to the egg surface by exocytosis is set free into the perivitelline space. Swelling of egg jelly precursor secreted by cortical granule exocytosis may be causal for the detachment of the vitelline envelope from the egg cell surface which, however, remains attached …

Egg cellCytochalasin DVitelline membranePerivitelline spaceExocytosismedicineAnimalsCytoskeletonCell SizeOvumMicrovillibiologyChemistryCortical granule exocytosisNocodazoleCell MembranePolychaetaCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationOocyteCell biologyMicroscopy Electronmedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescenceFertilizationCortical reactionEgg jellyDevelopmental BiologyPlatynereisZygote
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The p21-activated kinase Mbt is a component of the apical protein complex in central brain neuroblasts and controls cell proliferation

2013

The final size of the central nervous system is determined by precisely controlled generation, proliferation and death of neural stem cells. We show here that the Drosophila PAK protein Mushroom bodies tiny (Mbt) is expressed in central brain progenitor cells (neuroblasts) and becomes enriched to the apical cortex of neuroblasts in a cell cycle- and Cdc42-dependent manner. Using mushroom body neuroblasts as a model system, we demonstrate that in the absence of Mbt function, neuroblasts and their progeny are correctly specified and are able to generate different neuron subclasses as in the wild type, but are impaired in their proliferation activity throughout development. In general, loss of…

Embryo Nonmammaliananimal structuresMitosisApoptosisCell CountSpindle ApparatusBiologyNeural Stem CellsNeuroblastGTP-Binding ProteinsTubulinCell polarityAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsProgenitor cellMolecular BiologyMitosisCell ProliferationCell SizeBinding SitesApical cortexAsymmetric Cell DivisionfungiBrainCell PolarityGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalNeural stem cellCell biologyEnzyme ActivationActin CytoskeletonPhenotypenervous systemLarvaMultiprotein Complexesembryonic structuresMushroom bodiesDrosophilaProtein KinasesGanglion mother cellDevelopmental BiologyDevelopment
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Anaemia in advanced chronic fasciolosis

2008

Abstract The association between fasciolosis-induced anaemia and related factors has been quantified in a rodent model. Haematological parameters were analysed in Wistar rats at 20 and 60 weeks post-infection (p.i.). Pigment stones and bile specimens were collected. Serum IgG1, IgG2a and IgE were determined in rat serum samples. Cytokine levels have been correlated with haematological parameters. The screening for gastrointestinal bleeding was carried out. Bacteriological bile cultures revealed viable bacteria in 53.8% of specimens at 60 weeks p.i. The results show that the type of anaemia in fasciolosis might be considered a biomarker of the chronicity period of the disease, changing from …

Fascioliasismedicine.medical_specialtyAnemiaVeterinary (miscellaneous)Statistics as TopicAntibodies HelminthHelminthiasisPhysiologyBiologyFecesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsBileFasciolosisRats WistarEggs per gramFecesCell SizeAnemia HypochromicMicrobial ViabilityHematologyBacteriaAnemiamedicine.diseaseHaemolysisRatsInfectious DiseasesInsect ScienceMultivariate AnalysisImmunologyErythropoiesisParasitologyBiomarkersSpleenActa Tropica
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