Search results for "Cell Surface"
showing 10 items of 201 documents
RAGE Mediates a Novel Proinflammatory Axis
1999
S100/calgranulin polypeptides are present at sites of inflammation, likely released by inflammatory cells targeted to such loci by a range of environmental cues. We report here that receptor for AGE (RAGE) is a central cell surface receptor for EN-RAGE (extracellular newly identified RAGE-binding protein) and related members of the S100/calgranulin superfamily. Interaction of EN-RAGEs with cellular RAGE on endothelium, mononuclear phagocytes, and lymphocytes triggers cellular activation, with generation of key proinflammatory mediators. Blockade of EN-RAGE/RAGE quenches delayed-type hypersensitivity and inflammatory colitis in murine models by arresting activation of central signaling pathw…
The closure of Pak1-dependent macropinosomes requires the phosphorylation of CtBP1/BARS
2007
Membrane fission is an essential process in membrane trafficking and other cellular functions. While many fissioning and trafficking steps are mediated by the large GTPase dynamin, some fission events are dynamin independent and involve C-terminal-binding protein-1/brefeldinA-ADP ribosylated substrate (CtBP1/BARS). To gain an insight into the molecular mechanisms of CtBP1/BARS in fission, we have studied the role of this protein in macropinocytosis, a dynamin-independent endocytic pathway that can be synchronously activated by growth factors. Here, we show that upon activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, CtBP1/BARS is (a) translocated to the macropinocytic cup and its surroundi…
Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Human.
2013
Animal studies point to an implication of the endocannabinoid system on executive functions. In humans, several studies have suggested an association between acute or chronic use of exogenous cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and executive impairments. However, to date, no published reports establish the relationship between endocannabinoids, as biomarkers of the cannabinoid neurotransmission system, and executive functioning in humans. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between circulating levels of plasma endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and executive functions (decision making, response inhibition and cognit…
Lysosomal trafficking in rat cardiac myocytes.
1990
By immunolabeling of cryosections, we have characterized in rat cardiac myocytes the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (MPR), a lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, lgp120, and a lysosomal enzyme, MEP (homologous to cathepsin L). Most of the MPR label was located in large membrane-filled structures (MPR structures) in large clusters of mitochondria adjacent to but distinct from the Golgi complex. Lpg120 and MEP showed typical lysosomal localization throughout the cell, often associated with regions that appeared to contain autophagosome-like structures. In addition, MEP and lgp120 co-localized within MPR structures. MEP and MPR were localized inside the lumen of MPR structures. M…
Embryonic and foetal Islet-1 positive cells in human hearts are also positive to c-Kit.
2011
During embryogenesis, the mammalian heart develops from a primitive heart tube originating from two bilateral primary heart fields located in the lateral plate mesoderm. Cells belongings to the pre-cardiac mesoderm will differentiate into early cardiac progenitors, which express early transcription factors which are also common to the Isl-1 positive cardiac progenitor cells isolated from the developing pharyngeal mesoderm and the foetal and post-natal mice hearts. A second population of cardiac progenitor cells positive to c-Kit has been abundantly isolated from adult hearts. Until now, these two populations have been considered two different sets of progenitor cells present in the heart in…
Regulation of the human bradykinin B2 receptor expressed in sf21 insect cells: A possible role for tyrosine kinases
2000
The functional regulation of the human bradykinin B2 receptor expressed in sf21 cells was studied. Human bradykinin B2 receptors were immunodetected as a band of 75–80 kDa in membranes from recombinant baculovirus-infected cells and visualized at the plasma membrane, by confocal microscopy, using an antibody against an epitope from its second extracellular loop. B2 receptors, detected in membranes by [3H-bradykinin] binding, showed a Kd of 0.66 nmol/L and an expression level of 2.57 pmol/mg of protein at 54 h postinfection. In these cells, bradykinin induced a transient increase of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in fura 2-AM loaded sf21 cells, and promoted [35S]-GTPγS binding to membranes.…
Embryonic adhesion is not affected by endometrial leptin receptor gene silencing.
2006
Objective In rodents, evidence suggests that the leptin system is mandatory for embryonic implantation. We aimed to investigate the functional relevance of the endometrial leptin receptor (OB-R) in the adhesion phase of human implantation. Design We used an in vitro model for embryonic adhesion, composed of a human endometrial cell line (HEC1-A) and B6C3F1 mouse embryos. The OB-R gene was silenced in a stable manner by RNA interference, and embryonic adhesion rates were analyzed. Setting Research laboratory at a university-affiliated center. Intervention(s) RNA interference. Main Outcome Measure(s) Embryonic adhesion in cells treated with OB-R RNAi. Result(s) The OB-R shRNA-transfected cell…
Soluble ligands and their receptors in human embryo development and implantation.
2014
Extensive evidence suggests that soluble ligands and their receptors mediate human preimplantation embryo development and implantation. Progress in this complex area has been ongoing since the 1980s, with an ever-increasing list of candidates. This article specifically reviews evidence of soluble ligands and their receptors in the human preimplantation stage embryo and female reproductive tract. The focus will be on candidates produced by the human preimplantation embryo and those eliciting developmental responses in vitro, as well as endometrial factors related to implantation and receptivity. Pathways to clinical translation, including innovative diagnostics and other technologies, are al…
Stick around: Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development
2021
The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to establish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contact with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell–cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classi…
TRAIL acts synergistically with iron oxide nanocluster-mediated magneto- and photothermia
2019
International audience; Targeting TRAIL (Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand) receptors for cancer therapy remains challenging due to tumor cell resistance and poor preparations of TRAIL or its derivatives. Herein, to optimize its therapeutic use, TRAIL was grafted onto iron oxide nanoclusters (NCs) with the aim of increasing its pro-apoptotic potential through nanoparticle-mediated magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) or photothermia (PT). Methods: The nanovector, NC@TRAIL, was characterized in terms of size, grafting efficiency, and potential for MHT and PT. The therapeutic function was assessed on a TRAIL-resistant breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, wild type (WT) or T…