Search results for "Cell adhesion"

Effects of soy isoflavones on endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women.

2005

Objective: To evaluate the effects of soy isoflavone administration on endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. Design: Sixty naturally postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to receive isoflavone or placebo tablets for 6 months. Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was measured by brachial reactivity technique along with levels of plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, P-selectin and soluble thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, and tissue plasminogen activator. Differences between endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation were assessed by evaluating brachial reactivity par…

IgG anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) in type I diabetes mellitus; induction of adhesion molecule expression in cultured endothelial cells

1998

SUMMARYAECA were detected in 25 of 71 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in two of 33 healthy subjects. Patients with diabetes of < 1 year duration and those with long-standing disease had the highest levels of these antibodies. Inhibition studies suggest that at least part of the AECA reactivity is due to cross-reactive anti-ssDNA antibodies. AECA-positive sera were able to increase intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Increased binding of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells was also found to accompany raised E-selectin expression. Soluble ICAM-1 and E-selectin were also found to be increased in the sera of AE…

Embryo effects in human implantation: embryonic regulation of endometrial molecules in human implantation.

2001

: Embryonic implantation requires coordinated development of the blastocyst and the maternal endometrium. Considerable advances have been made in the understanding of the cell biology of human embryo and maternal endometrium as separate entities. Nevertheless, communication between them and their reciprocal effects on each other constitute an exciting and as-yet unsolved problem in reproductive medicine. Cross-talk among the embryo, endometrium, and the corpus luteum are known to occur in ruminants and primates; more specifically, endometrial-embryonic interactions have been reported in rodents and primates. Here, we present updated information in humans on the embryonic regulation of endom…

Decidual endothelial cells express surface-bound C1q as a molecular bridge between endovascular trophoblast and decidual endothelium.

2008

This study was prompted by the observation that decidual endothelial cells (DECs), unlike endothelial cells (ECs) of blood vessels in normal skin, kidney glomeruli and brain, express surface-bound C1q in physiologic pregnancy. This finding was unexpected, because deposits of C1q are usually observed in pathologic conditions and are associated with complement activation. In the case of DECs, we failed to detect immunoglobulins and C4 co-localized with C1q on the cell surface. Surprisingly, DECs expressed mRNA for the three chains of C1q and secreted detectable level of this component in serum-free medium. The ability to synthesize C1q is acquired by DECs during pregnancy and is not shared by…

Human endometrial CD98 is essential for blastocyst adhesion.

2010

Background Understanding the molecular basis of embryonic implantation is of great clinical and biological relevance. Little is currently known about the adhesion receptors that determine endometrial receptivity for embryonic implantation in humans. Methods and Principal Findings Using two human endometrial cell lines characterized by low and high receptivity, we identified the membrane receptor CD98 as a novel molecule selectively and significantly associated with the receptive phenotype. In human endometrial samples, CD98 was the only molecule studied whose expression was restricted to the implantation window in human endometrial tissue. CD98 expression was restricted to the apical surfac…

Cytokines, Selectins and Adhesion Molecules Plasma Levels in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: Relationship with Stroke Subtype, Ischaemic Lesion Site and Clin…

2007

Changes in lymphocyte subsets after cardiac surgery in children.

2001

Children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) operations have an increased risk of developing severe infections. Impairment of the immune system may contribute to the development of sequelae such as capillary leaks, pulmonary dysfunction and auto-immune reactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of cardiac surgery with CPB on the immune system of infants and young children. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the changes in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in a sample of 21 consecutive infants and young children undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. The following statistically significant (P<0.05) results were obtained: leucoc…

Repeated restraint stress suppresses neurogenesis and induces biphasic PSA-NCAM expression in the adult rat dentate gyrus

2003

Chronic restraint stress has been shown to induce structural remodelling throughout the interconnected dentate gyrus-CA3 fields. To find out how this stressor affects the rate of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we subjected rats to acute or chronic restraint stress and assessed the proliferation, survival and differentiation of newly born cells in the dentate gyrus. We also examined polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule expression, a molecule normally expressed in immature neurons and important for morphological plasticity. The results show that acute restraint stress did not change either the proliferation of dentate gyrus precursor cells or the expression of polysialylated neural c…

EpCAM and microvascular obstruction in patients with STEMI: a cardiac magnetic resonance study

2021

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): This study was funded by “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” and “Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional FEDER” Bachground. Microvascular obstruction (MVO) is negatively associated with cardiac structure and worse prognosis after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), involved in endothelium adhesion, is an understudied area in the MVO setting. Purpose. We aimed to evaluate whether EpCAM is associated with the appearance of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived MVO and long-term systolic function in reperfused STEMI. Methods.…

Pathophysiology of polymorphonuclear leukocyte in arterial hypertension

2009

This review shows how polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) play a pivotal role in the development of the organ injury that is associated with arterial hypertension. Elevated white blood cell count and higher levels of PMNs activation are risk factors for arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Spontaneously activated PMNs release proinflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species, which have negative effects on vascular tone and on their adhesion to the endothelium. The oxidative stress in hypertensive PMNs is revealed by increased NADPH-oxidase production and lipid peroxidation and by decreased cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase concentrations. The overexpression of…