Search results for "Cell line"
showing 10 items of 2924 documents
The effect of nanoparticle size and NLS density on nuclear targeting in cancer and normal cells; impaired nuclear import and aberrant nanoparticle in…
2017
The cell nucleus is an interesting target in many diseases with particular interest in cancer. Previously, nuclear targeted small and large chitosan nanoparticles (S-NPs≈25nm, and L-NPs≈150nm respectively), modified with low, intermediate and high densities of NLS (L-NLS, I-NLS and H-NLS) were developed and assessed in L929 fibroblasts. However, to evade apoptosis and stimulate tumor growth cancer cells are capable of manipulating the nuclear-cytoplasmic transport on many levels, making NPs that are capable of nuclear targeting in normal cells incapable of doing so in cancer. For such reason, here, the nuclear delivery efficiency of S-NPs and L-NPs was assessed as a function of their NLS de…
Tumour oxygenation during fractionated radiotherapy--comparison with size-matched controls.
1999
The effect of fractionated irradiation on the oxygenation status of experimental tumours was investigated using polarographic assessment of the pO2 distribution. Since an improvement in tumour oxygenation could simply be the result of tumour shrinkage, a comparison of pO2 readings of untreated size-matched control tumours was performed. Irradiation was carried out using 6 fractions of 6 Gy applied within 11 days. A comparison of polarographic pO2 data with size-matched untreated tumours revealed a significant improvement in oxygenation after the irradiation. The median pO2 was 0.9+/-0.1 mm Hg for unirradiated tumours at a volume of 180 mm3, while the corresponding data for irradiated tumour…
Dose calculation in biological samples in a mixed neutron-gamma field at the TRIGA reactor of the University of Mainz
2010
To establish Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for non-resectable liver metastases and for in vitro experiments at the TRIGA Mark II reactor at the University of Mainz, Germany, it is necessary to have a reliable dose monitoring system. The in vitro experiments are used to determine the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of liver and cancer cells in our mixed neutron and gamma fi eld. We work with alanine detectors in combination with Monte Carlo simulations, where we can measure and characterize the dose. To verify our calculations we perform neutron fl ux measurements using gold foil activation and pin-diodes . Material and methods . When L- α -alanine is irradiated with ionizing …
closo-borane conjugated regulatory peptides retain high biological affinity: synthesis of closo-borane conjugated Tyr(3)-octreotate derivatives for B…
2008
Despite the improvements in cancer therapy during the past years, high-grade gliomas and many other types of cancer are still extremely resistant to current forms of therapy. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) provides a promising way to destroy cancer cells without damaging healthy tissue. However, BNCT in practice is still limited due to the lack of boron-containing compounds that selectively deliver boron to cancer cells. Since many neuroendocrine tumors show an overexpression of the somatostatin receptor, it was our aim to synthesize compounds that contain a large number of boron atoms and still show high affinity toward this transmembrane receptor. The synthetic peptide Tyr (3)-octre…
Structural and functional diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins on animal, plant and microbial cells
2018
Debido a los efectos nocivos de los insecticidas químicos en los ecosistemas y sobre los organismos beneficiosos, la implementación de agentes de control biológico ha recibido considerable atención. Entre los agentes de control biológico, se ha dedicado gran interés a los entomopatógenos, debido a su potencial para controlar plagas agrícolas y domésticas, vectores de enfermedades humanas y animales, sin introducir material no degradable en el medio ambiente. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) es el agente de control microbiano comercial más utilizado en la actualidad, con efectividad contra diferentes especies de insectos plaga. Las cepas de Bt producen cristales paraesporales proteináceos durante…
Effects of extra virgin olive oil phenols on HL60 cell lines sensitive and resistant to anthracyclines
2009
The aim of our study was to evaluate the capability of a crude extract of phenols from extra virgin olive oil of Moraiolo cultivar to induce apoptosis and/or differentiation in sensitive and resistant HL60 cell lines to anticancer drugs (Typical Multidrug Resistance). Our data highlight that the crude extract is able to induce apoptosis on both sensitive and resistant cells, whereas the exposure to a number of anticancer drugs does not induce apoptosis in resistant cells. In differentiation experiments we investigated the capability of crude extract of phenols to induce the expression of CD11 granulocytic or CD14 monocytic cell surface antigen in sensitive and resistant HL60 cell lines. At …
Advancing stem cells: New therapeutic strategies for treating central nervous system disorders
2018
In this special issue, we explore new methods and knowledge to improve stem cell transplantation in diseases and conditions such as stroke, PD, and depression. Advancing the conventional idea regarding cell replacement in stem cell therapy, stem cells may also transfer healthy mitochondria to diseased ischemic neurons in stroke and improve the therapeutic time window of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a conjunctive therapy for stroke, and human Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hWJ-MSCs) may rely mainly on trophic factor secretion to induce neuroprotective effects. In addition, trophic factors such as neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic …
Genome-Wide Inhibition of Pro-atherogenic Gene Expression by Multi-STAT Targeting Compounds as a Novel Treatment Strategy of CVDs.
2018
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, are globally the leading cause of death. Key factors contributing to onset and progression of atherosclerosis include the pro-inflammatory cytokines Interferon (IFN)a and IFN? and the Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Together, they trigger activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)s. Searches for compounds targeting the pTyr-SH2 interaction area of STAT3, yielded many small molecules, including STATTIC and STX-0119. However, many of these inhibitors do not seem STAT3-specific. We hypothesized that multi-STAT-inhibitors that simultaneously block STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3 activit…
Hyaluronic Acid Present in the Tumor Microenvironment Can Negate the Pro-apototic Effect of a Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D on B…
2020
Copyright © 2020 Murugaiah, Agostinis, Varghese, Belmonte, Vieni, Alaql, Alrokayan, Khan, Kaur, Roberts, Madan, Bulla and Kishore. Human surfactant protein D (SP-D) belongs to the family of collectins that is composed of a characteristic amino-terminal collagenous region and a carboxy-terminal C-type lectin domain. Being present at the mucosal surfaces, SP-D acts as is a potent innate immune molecule and offers protection against non-self and altered self-such as pathogens, allergens, and tumour. Here, we examined the effect of a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) on a range of breast cancer lines. Breast cancer has four molecular subtypes characterised by varied expression of oes…
The NG2 Proteoglycan Protects Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells against Oxidative Stress via Interaction with OMI/HtrA2.
2015
The NG2 proteoglycan is characteristically expressed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) and also by aggressive brain tumours highly resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. Oligodendrocyte-lineage cells are particularly sensitive to stress resulting in cell death in white matter after hypoxic or ischemic insults of premature infants and destruction of OPC in some types of Multiple Sclerosis lesions. Here we show that the NG2 proteoglycan binds OMI/HtrA2, a mitochondrial serine protease which is released from damaged mitochondria into the cytosol in response to stress. In the cytosol, OMI/HtrA2 initiates apoptosis by proteolytic degradation of anti-apoptotic factors. OPC in which NG…