Search results for "Cellular differentiation"
showing 10 items of 482 documents
Adipose tissue sensitivity to radiation exposure
2008
1525-2191 (Electronic) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Treatment of cancer using radiation can be significantly compromised by the development of severe acute and late damage to normal tissue. Treatments that either reduce the risk and severity of damage or that facilitate the healing of radiation injuries are being developed, including autologous adipose tissue grafts to repair tissue defects or involutional disorders that result from tumor resection. Adipose tissue is specialized in energy storage and contains different cell types, including preadipocytes, which could be used for autologous transplantation. It has long been considered a poorly proliferative connective ti…
Cell viability, osteoblast differentiation, and gene expression are altered in human osteoblasts from hypertrophic fracture non-unions
2007
Recent studies have provided evidence that the number and proliferation capacity of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, as well as the number of osteoprogenitor cells are reduced in patients with fracture non-unions. For fracture non-unions that do not heal after appropriate surgical intervention, the question arises as to what extent systemic cellular dysfunctions should be considered as being pathogenetic factors. For this purpose, we have examined the hypothesis that the cell function of osteoblasts isolated from patients with fracture non-unions may differ from those of normal control individuals in an identical and controlled in vitro situation. We analyzed the osteoblast cell …
The distribution of blood group antigens in rodent epithelia
1984
The pattern of distribution of antigens cross-reacting with antibodies to human blood group antigens A and B and two precursor molecules was examined by immunofluorescence in the epidermis, oral mucosa and forestomach of rats and mice. Staining for blood group antigen A was negative. In all epithelia examined, blood group antigen B was present at the surface of basal and parabasal cells, and the H antigen at the surface of spinous cells. N-acetyllactosamine was present on the cell membranes in the upper spinous and granular cell layers of epidermis and forestomach epithelium and was not expressed in the oral epithelia except for a limited area in the dorsal tongue epithelium. Thus, the expr…
CD133 expression is associated with small round blue cell tumour morphology in human central nervous system neoplasms
2011
Schittenhelm J, Simon P, Harter P N, Zachskorn C, Schlaszus H, Rottger F, Winkels M, Weller M, Meyermann R & Mittelbronn M (2011) Histopathology58, 739–749 CD133 expression is associated with small round blue cell tumour morphology in human central nervous system neoplasms Aims: CD133 is considered to be a marker for brain tumour-initiating cells. However, most data on CD133 are derived from animal or in-vitro studies. The aim of this study was to characterize CD133 expression, and the distribution and morphological features of CD133+ cells, in primary and secondary human central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. Methods and results: Tumours were analysed by real-time reverse transcription …
Differentiation of human osteosarcoma 3AB-OS stem-like cells in derivatives of the three primary germ layers as an useful in vitro model to develop s…
2013
A number of solid tumors contain a distinct subpopulation of cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs) which represent the source for tissue renewal and hold malignant potential and which would be responsible for therapy resistance. Today, the winning goal in cancer research would be to find drugs to kill both cancer cells and cancer stem cells, while sparing normal cells. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive pediatric tumor of growing bones that, despite surgery and chemotherapy, is prone to relapse. We have recently selected from human osteosarcoma MG63 cells a cancer stem-like cell line (3AB-OS), which has unlimited proliferative potential, high levels of stemness-related markers, and in vivo tumo…
Cytokeratins in normal lung and lung carcinomas
1984
The various epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract and the carcinomas derived from them differ markedly in their differentiation characteristics. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of cytoskeletal proteins from microdissected tissues we have considered whether cytokeratin polypeptides can serve as markers of cell differentiation in epithelia from various parts of the human and bovine lower respiratory tract. In addition , we have compared these protein patterns with those found in the two commonest types of human lung carcinoma and in several cultured lung carcinoma cell lines. By immunofluorescence microscopy, broad spectrum antibodies to c…
Stem Cell Populations and Regenerative Potential in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Diseases
2009
Several acute and chronic inflammatory pathologies of the lung are accompanied by structural modifications of airway mucosa that vary depending on the severity, duration and type of the disease. These morphological changes, that determine organ dysfunction, are not always reversible. Indeed, the cycle of injury and repair, influencing airway wall re- generation, may sometimes break off and an exacerbation of the pathology may occur. The mechanisms at the base of airway remodelling during inflammation have been widely studied and numerous evidences indicate that the molecular dialogue among the cells of the mucosa has an essential role in orchestrating cell differentiation and tissue repair.…
Caki-1 Cells Represent an in vitro Model System for Studying the Human Proximal Tubule Epithelium
2007
<i>Background/Aims:</i> The human proximal tubule (PT) epithelium is distinguished from other nephron segments via several unique characteristics. Studies assessing PT epithelium increasingly employ cell lines, bypassing the complexity of primary cell cultures. However, few human model systems exist for studying PT cells in vitro. The current work involves an intensive characterization of Caki-1 cells, a commercially available human renal cell line. <i>Methods:</i> Caki-1 cells were validated as a representative model system for PT cell research via morphological, physiological and biochemical investigations including light and transmission electron microscopy, trans…
Characterization of a Human Carcinosarcoma Cell Line of the Ovary Established after in Vivo Change of Histologic Differentiation
2001
Abstract Objectives. Cell lines are valuable in vitro models for clinical and basic research. Most ovarian cancer cell lines described are serous cystadenocarcinomas or poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. The establishment of ovarian cancer cell lines with rare histologic differentiation is especially of interest. We describe the establishment of a carcinosarcoma cell line of the ovary after in vivo selection. Methods. The cell line OV-MZ-22 was established from a solid tumor mass in the upper abdomen. At the time of establishment, the patient underwent secondary debulking and was pretreated with six cycles of cis -platinum/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide. Features of the cell line studied i…
Plexiform Atypical Spitz Tumor With Rosette-Like Giant Cells. A Histologic and Immunohistochemical Study on a Case Suggesting Ganglioneuroblastic Dif…
2018
Spitz nevi, atypical Spitz tumors and Spitzoid melanoma, the three clinicopathologic forms that constitute the spectrum of the Spitz-type melanocytic lesions, share a histologic picture characterized by large spindle and/or epithelioid ganglion-like cells, with various admixtures of multinucleate bizarre cells. This remarkable cytology has always been interpreted as an unusual, as well as unexplained form of atypia. We report a case of atypical Spitz tumor with Homer Wright-like rosettes, a feature characteristic of ganglioneuroblastic proliferation. Furthermore, the ganglion-like cells of the tumor showed basophilic punctuation in the cytoplasm, reminiscent of Nissl substance, and a few ce…