Search results for "Cellular differentiation"
showing 10 items of 482 documents
Unjamming overcomes kinetic and proliferation arrest in terminally differentiated cells and promotes collective motility of carcinoma
2018
Under homeostatic conditions, mature epithelia are locked in a kinetically-silent, jammed state. During wound repair or branching morphogenesis epithelia must unjam and acquire liquid-like properties. These events might be recapitulated in the transition from in situ to invasive cancer stages. How cells control this transition and how biologically relevant it is, however, remains unclear. Recently, we showed that altering RAB5A levels, a master regulator of endosomal trafficking, is sufficient to re-awaken motility in jammed epithelia, through ill-defined, endocytic-sensitive biochemical pathways. Here, we show that RAB5A promotes non-clathrin-dependent internalization of epidermal growth f…
A long non-coding RNA controls parasite differentiation in African trypanosomes
2020
Trypanosoma bruceicauses African sleeping sickness, a fatal human disease. Its differentiation from replicative slender form into quiescent stumpy form promotes host survival and parasite transmission. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate cell differentiation. To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in parasite differentiation we used RNAseq to survey theT. bruceilncRNA gene repertoire, identifying 1,428 previously uncharacterized lncRNA genes. We analysedgrumpy, a lncRNA located immediately upstream of an RNA-binding protein that is akeydifferentiation regulator. Grumpy over-expression resulted in premature parasite differentiation into the quiescent stumpy form, and subse…
Changes in the density of microtubular networks in mesophyll cells and mesophyll derived protoplasts of Nicotiana and Triticum during leaf development
1993
Changes in the density of microtubular mesh-works were analysed in mesophyll cells and mesophyll derived protoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Triticum aestivum L. during leaf development. The main purpose of this study was to test whether the low density, if not lack, of microtubular networks recently described in protoplasts that had been isolated from fully differentiated mesophyll cells happened during protoplast isolation or whether the loss of microtubules actually occurred during differentiation of the leaf tissue. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that the density of the microtubular cytoskeleton in the leaf tissue decreased steadily after cessation of cell growth in both speci…
MiR-221 promotes stemness of breast cancer cells by targeting DNMT3b
2016
// Giuseppina Roscigno 1, 2 , Cristina Quintavalle 1, 2 , Elvira Donnarumma 3 , Ilaria Puoti 1 , Angel Diaz-Lagares 4 , Margherita Iaboni 1 , Danilo Fiore 1 , Valentina Russo 1 , Matilde Todaro 5 , Giulia Romano 6 , Renato Thomas 7 , Giuseppina Cortino 7 , Miriam Gaggianesi 5 , Manel Esteller 4 , Carlo M. Croce 6 , Gerolama Condorelli 1, 2 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, “Federico II” University of Naples, Naples, Italy 2 IEOS-CNR, Naples, Italy 3 IRCCS-SDN, Naples, Italy 4 Epigenetic and Cancer Biology Program (PEBC) IDIBELL, Hospital Duran I Reynals, Barcelona, Spain 5 Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Lab…
High-density ZnO nanowires for cellular biointerfaces: a new role as myogenic differentiation switch
2019
The design of artificial platforms for expanding undifferentiated stem cells is of tremendous importance for regenerative medicine [1]. We have recently demonstrated that a ZnO nanowires (NWs) decorated glass support permits to obtain a differentiation switch during proliferation for mesoangioblasts (MABs)– i.e. multipotent progenitor cells which are remarkable candidates for the therapy of muscle diseases [2]. We have optimized the ZnO NWs synthesis on glass surfaces by numerical simulations and experimental systematic investigations, considering zinc speciation and supersaturation [3]. In particular, we demonstrated by numerical simulations that the ligand ethylenediamine, at the isoelect…
Rates of uptake and metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by cultured leaf segments at different stages of developmen…
1987
Immature leaf tissue of Triticum timopheevi Zukh. responded to supplied auxin and showed cell division in culture. The rates of uptake and of metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by such tissues were measured and compared with those of mature auxin-unresponsive tissue. The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether or not the concentration of auxin in cultured mature tissue was a factor limiting the cell division response to auxin. The data indicate that neither alterations in rates of uptake nor alterations in rates of metabolism could explain the loss of responsiveness to auxin which apparently occurs during cell differentiation. The results are…
Electrophoretic pattern of the polypeptide component in the tight DNA-protein complexes in rat and chicken tissues and its partial characterisation i…
2010
Electrophoretic pattern of the polypeptide component in the tight DNA-protein complexes in rat and chicken tissues and its partial characterisation in rat liverTightly bound to DNA proteins (TBP) are a protein group that remain attached to DNA with covalent or non-covalent bonds after its deproteinisation. The distribution of TBP in genes reflects the type of cell differentiation. It has been hypothesised that TBP binding is involved in regulation of gene expression. Early studies reported uniformity of the TBPs from different sources. Later it was shown that TBPs obtained from DNA, isolated in mild conditions from evolutionary distant species, are different. Application of chloroform DNA e…
Biochemical identification and tissue-specific expression patterns of keratins in the zebrafish Danio rerio
1998
We have identified a number of type I and type II keratins in the zebrafish Danio rerio by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, complementary keratin blot-binding assay and immunoblotting. These keratins range from 56 kDa to 46 kDa in molecular mass and from pH 6.6 to pH 5.2 in isoelectric point. Type II zebrafish keratins exhibit significantly higher molecular masses (56-52 kDa) compared with the type I keratins (50-48 kDa), but the isoelectric points show no significant difference between the two keratin subclasses (type II: pH 6.0-5.5; type I: pH 6.1-5.2). According to their occurrence in various zebrafish tissues, the identified keratins can be classified into "E" (epider…
Sp1 transcription factor interaction with accumulated prelamin a impairs adipose lineage differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells: essential r…
2012
Abstract Lamin A (LMNA)-linked lipodystrophies may be either genetic (associated with LMNA mutations) or acquired (associated with the use of human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors [PIs]), and in both cases they share clinical features such as anomalous distribution of body fat or generalized loss of adipose tissue, metabolic alterations, and early cardiovascular complications. Both LMNA-linked lipodystrophies are characterized by the accumulation of the lamin A precursor prelamin A. The pathological mechanism by which prelamin A accumulation induces the lipodystrophy associated phenotypes remains unclear. Since the affected tissues in these disorders are of mesenchymal origin, we…
Monitoring chemical and physical stress using sea urchin immune cells.
2005
Coelomocytes are the cells freely circulating in the body fluid contained in echinoderm coelom and constitute the defence system, which, in response to injuries, host invasion, and adverse conditions, is capable of chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and production of cytotoxic metabolites. Red and colourless amoebocytes, petaloid and philopodial phagocytes, and vibratile cells are the cell types that, in different proportions, constitute the mixed coelomocyte cell population found in sea urchins. Advances in cellular and molecular biology have made it possible to identify a number of specific proteins expressed in coelomocytes under resting conditions or when activated by experimentally induced stre…