Search results for "Centrality"
showing 10 items of 164 documents
Centrality measures for networks with community structure
2016
Understanding the network structure, and finding out the influential nodes is a challenging issue in the large networks. Identifying the most influential nodes in the network can be useful in many applications like immunization of nodes in case of epidemic spreading, during intentional attacks on complex networks. A lot of research is done to devise centrality measures which could efficiently identify the most influential nodes in the network. There are two major approaches to the problem: On one hand, deterministic strategies that exploit knowledge about the overall network topology in order to find the influential nodes, while on the other end, random strategies are completely agnostic ab…
‘Too interconnected to fail’ financial network of US CDS market: Topological fragility and systemic risk
2012
A small segment of credit default swaps (CDS) on residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS) stand implicated in the 2007 financial crisis. The dominance of a few big players in the chains of insurance and reinsurance for CDS credit risk mitigation for banks' assets has led to the idea of too interconnected to fail (TITF) resulting, as in the case of AIG, of a tax payer bailout. We provide an empirical reconstruction of the US CDS network based on the FDIC Call Reports for off balance sheet bank data for the 4th quarter in 2007 and 2008. The propagation of financial contagion in networks with dense clustering which reflects high concentration or localization of exposures between few parti…
Predicting Heuristic Search Performance with PageRank Centrality in Local Optima Networks
2015
Previous studies have used statistical analysis of fitness landscapes such as ruggedness and deceptiveness in order to predict the expected quality of heuristic search methods. Novel approaches for predicting the performance of heuristic search are based on the analysis of local optima networks (LONs). A LON is a compressed stochastic model of a fitness landscape's basin transitions. Recent literature has suggested using various LON network measurements as predictors for local search performance.In this study, we suggest PageRank centrality as a new measure for predicting the performance of heuristic search methods using local search. PageRank centrality is a variant of Eigenvector centrali…
Women’s bodies in festivity spaces: feminist resistance to gender violence at traditional celebrations
2019
ABSTRACTInequality and gender violence in the cultural sphere have become the focus of media attention in recent years. Moreover, the centrality of traditional festivities as areas which produce an...
Le «31 biblioteche più belle del mondo». Dalla Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial di Madrid al trasferimento, nella nuova s…
2021
Gabriella De Marco propone un saggio sulla centralità dell'istituzione biblioteca nella società contemporanea. Il contributo, che prosegue alcuni precedenti progetti di ricerca avviati dall'autrice sin dai primi anni duemila, è centrato sullo spazio abitabile e sul potenziale identitario di un edificio. Punto di partenza del suo ragionamento è il presupposto che lo spazio misurabile è anche spazio mentale. Ciò attiva una serie di considerazioni legate al rapporto tra il tempo della storia e il tempo del fruitore. Un edificio, pertanto, e nello specifico una biblioteca sia pubblica o privata sia nazionale o di quartiere, si percepisce ed esiste anche nel tempo soggettivo di chi la fruisce.
Beyond Border Binaries: Borderlines, Borderlands, and In-Betweenness in Thomas King’s Short Story “Borders”
2011
The concerns at the border in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries are not so much goods and customs any longer but establishing the identity and citizenship of those crossing the line. This focus increased further after 9/11 with new security concerns and the ensuing thickening of the Canada–US border. With the mother, one of the protagonists in Thomas King’s short story “Borders,” insisting on her Blackfoot identity, she and her son are stuck in the middle. They can neither go back to Canada nor cross the border into the United States. Quite literally, they are stranded in what Homi K. Bhabha called “third space.” The setting of the duty-free store, located “between the two…
[Spanish medical center collaboration on smoking research from 1999 through 2003 according to the Science Citation Index].
2007
OBJECTIVE To analyze the network structure of collaboration between medical centers sharing authorship of scientific articles on smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS Articles reporting smoking research by authors from 2 or more Spanish medical centers between 1999 and the end of 2003 were identified through the Science Citation Index. The network of collaboration behind the research was analyzed and the most important measures of centrality were compared. To display the data, scientometric maps were constructed using UCINET and NETDRAW network analysis tools. RESULTS Thirty-five Spanish medical centers (29 hospitals and 6 health care clinics) in 8 autonomous communities were involved in 21 collabo…
Network analysis of the relationship between depressive symptoms, demographics, nutrition, quality of life and medical condition factors in the Osteo…
2019
Abstract Aims A complex interaction exists between age, body mass index, medical conditions, polypharmacotherapy, smoking, alcohol use, education, nutrition, depressive symptoms, functioning and quality of life (QoL). We aimed to examine the inter-relationships among these variables, test whether depressive symptomology plays a central role in a large sample of adults, and determine the degree of association with life-style and health variables. Methods Regularised network analysis was applied to 3532 North-American adults aged ⩾45 years drawn from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Network stability (autocorrelation after case-dropping), centrality of nodes (strength, M, the sum of weight of t…
Network embeddedness and new product development in the biopharmaceutical industry: The moderating role of open innovation flow
2015
This paper explores the role of centrality and structural holes positions on the likelihood to develop new products and the moderating role of the open innovation flow, a measure of the net knowledge flow crossing the firm’s boundaries, on the aforementioned relation. We argue that network positions provide the information content to the firm, whilst open innovation flow describes how the firm uses such content, thus the combination of these two concepts has a significant impact on new product development. We test the theoretical framework on a large sample of 544 public companies and data from 1758 agreements among 1890 bio-pharmaceutical firms through the period 2006–2010. Our results sho…
Neutron skin and centrality classification in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at the LHC
2015
The concept of centrality in high-energy nuclear collisions has recently become a subject of an active debate. In particular, the experimental methods to determine the centrality that have given reasonable results for many observables in high-energy lead-lead collisions at the LHC have led to surprising behaviour in the case of proton-lead collisions. In this letter, we discuss the possibility to calibrate the experimental determination of centrality by asymmetries caused by mutually different spatial distributions of protons and neutrons inside the nuclei --- a well-known phenomenon in nuclear physics known as the neutron-skin effect.