Search results for "Centration"

showing 10 items of 1914 documents

Fracture Mechanics of Collagen Fibrils: Influence of Natural Cross-Links

2013

AbstractTendons are important load-bearing structures, which are frequently injured in both sports and work. Type I collagen fibrils are the primary components of tendons and carry most of the mechanical loads experienced by the tissue, however, knowledge of how load is transmitted between and within fibrils is limited. The presence of covalent enzymatic cross-links between collagen molecules is an important factor that has been shown to influence mechanical behavior of the tendons. To improve our understanding of how molecular bonds translate into tendon mechanics, we used an atomic force microscopy technique to measure the mechanical behavior of individual collagen fibrils loaded to failu…

AdultMaleTailMechanical PhenomenaBiophysicsModulusFibrilta3111Collagen fibrilPatellar LigamentTensile StrengthUltimate tensile strengthmedicineAnimalsHumansMolecular Machines Motors and Nanoscale Biophysicsta315Mechanical PhenomenaChemistryFracture mechanicsta3141AnatomyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemTendonBiomechanical PhenomenaRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureSolubilityBiophysicsCollagenType I collagenBiophysical Journal
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Prolonged in vitro exposure to white wines enhances the erosive damage on human permanent teeth compared with red wines.

2009

Abstract The aim of this in vitro study was to determine and compare the erosive potentials of red and white wines, exerted on enamel surfaces prepared from extracted human permanent teeth. European wines (50 red, 50 white wines) from different regions were purchased, and the pH values were measured. Eight wines with different pH values were selected. Enamel samples with an average surface area of 25 mm 2 were prepared from 25 extracted permanent teeth from male and female patients aged 40 to 65 years and incubated with wines for up to 24 hours; the amounts of released calcium were determined colorimetrically, and mean surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. A quantitative eleme…

AdultMaleTime FactorsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismDentistrychemistry.chemical_elementWineCalciumIn Vitro TechniquesEndocrinologyFemale patientmedicineHumansTooth ErosionFood scienceDental EnamelIncubationPermanent teethAgedNutrition and DieteticsEnamel paintbusiness.industryPhosphorusdigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesIn vitro exposureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMiddle AgedTooth enamelDentition Permanentmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCalciumFemalePlant PreparationsbusinessToothNutrition research (New York, N.Y.)
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Opioid Plasma Concentrations during a Switch from Transdermal Fentanyl to Methadone

2007

Opioid switching is often used to improve the opioid response in patients with cancer experiencing poor analgesia or adverse effects. When switching between drugs with delayed effect because of pharmacokinetics or type of delivery, concerns exist about the correct timing of introducing the second drug after stopping the previous one. The aim of this study was to assess plasmatic changes of fentanyl and methadone underlying the clinical events occurring during opioid switching. Eighteen patients with cancer receiving transdermal fentanyl with uncontrolled pain and/or moderate to severe opioid adverse effects, were switched to oral methadone using an initial fixed ratio of 1:20. Fentanyl patc…

AdultMaleTime FactorsPalliative careAdministration Cutaneousmethadone.Drug Administration ScheduleFentanylPharmacokineticsNeoplasmsHumansMedicineAdverse effectGeneral NursingAgedPain MeasurementTransdermalbusiness.industrywitchingPalliative CareOpioid plasma concentrationGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedtransdermal fentanylPain IntractableAnalgesics OpioidFentanylTreatment OutcomeAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineOpioidBasal (medicine)AnesthesiaFemalebusinessMethadonemedicine.drugMethadoneJournal of Palliative Medicine
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Characteristics of sourdoughs and baked pizzas as affected by starter culture inoculums

2019

Previous investigations on pizza dough lactic acid bacteria (LAB) revealed that facultative heterofermentative species (FHS) were more represented than obligate heterofermentative species (OHS) within the Lactobacillus genus. Thus, the main hypothesis of this work was that facultative and obligate heterofermentative Lactobacillus species can impact differently the appreciation of baked pizza. The performances of different Lactobacillus, including L. sanfranciscensis, L. brevis and L. rossiae among OHS and L. plantarum, L. graminis and L. curvatus among FHS were tested in single or multiple combinations during pizza production. The values of pH, total titratable acidity and LAB levels indica…

AdultMaleTitratable acidPizza doughMicrobiologyYoung Adult03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundStarterLactobacillusLactic acid bacteriaHumansFood science030304 developmental biologyVolatile Organic Compounds0303 health sciencesFacultativebiology030306 microbiologyfood and beveragesBreadSettore AGR/15 - Scienze E Tecnologie AlimentariGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMiddle AgedVolatile organic compoundbiology.organism_classificationLactic acidLactobacilluschemistryTasteSourdoughChewinessFermentationFood MicrobiologyHeterofermentative metabolismFemaleFermentationBacteriaSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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Response of the aging eye to first day of modern material contact lens wear

2018

Objectives: To investigate the ocular surface of an aged population wearing a daily disposable contact lens over their first day of wear. Methods: Forty eyes from forty presbyopic subjects were fitted a daily CL (Delefilcon A). Tear osmolarity, tear meniscus area (TMA) and ocular surface aberrations (total higher order root means square (RMS)) were assessed at baseline (t0), at 20 minutes (t1) and after 8 hours (t2) of wear. Fluorescein corneal and conjunctival staining and tear break up time (TBUT) were performed at t0 and t2. Results: No statistically significant changes were found between t0, t1 and t2 for TMA, and between t0 and t2 for fluorescein corneal and conjunctival staining. TBUT…

AdultMaleUlls Acomodació i refracciómedicine.medical_specialtyAgingPopulationBaseline levelCornea03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesFluoresceineducationDisposable EquipmentVision OcularOsmoleeducation.field_of_studyOsmotic concentrationbusiness.industryOsmolar ConcentrationEquipment DesignPresbyopiaMiddle AgedContact Lenses HydrophilicTear osmolarityeye diseasesÒptica Aparells i instrumentsContact lensOphthalmologyTear meniscuschemistryPatient SatisfactionTears030221 ophthalmology & optometryDry Eye SyndromesFemalesense organsbusinessConjunctiva030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up Studies
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Endothelium-independent contractions of human cerebral arteries in response to vasopressin.

1990

We studied the effects of vasopressin in isolated segments from branches (500-700 micrograms in external diameter) of human middle cerebral arteries obtained during autopsy of 15 patients who had died 3-8 hours before. Paired segments, one normal and the other de-endothelized by gentle rubbing, were mounted for isometric recording of tension in organ baths. In 11 normal segments, vasopressin produced concentration-dependent contractions with an EC50 of 7.0 X 10(-10) M. Removal of the endothelium from 12 segments did not significantly affect vasopressin-induced contractions. Vasopressin produced further contractions in arterial segments with (n = 4) or without (n = 5) endothelium precontract…

AdultMaleVasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliummedicine.drug_classVasopressinsCerebral arteriesNeuropeptideIn Vitro TechniquesPotassium Chloridemedicine.arteryInternal medicinemedicineHumansAgedAdvanced and Specialized NursingDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryOsmolar ConcentrationCerebral ArteriesMiddle AgedReceptor antagonistAcetylcholineArginine Vasopressinmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyVasoconstrictionMiddle cerebral arteryFemaleNeurology (clinical)Endothelium Vascularmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessAcetylcholineVasoconstrictionmedicine.drugStroke
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Glucose polymer syrup attenuates prolonged endurance exercise-induced vasopressin release

1989

We investigated the effect of glucose and glucose polymer ingestion on plasma arginine vasopressin (pAVP) levels, on plasma osmolality (p-osm), and on performance during two prolonged endurance events. The study subjects were 37 Finnish elite endurance athletes, of whom 18 were orienteers and 19 cross-country skiers. Plasma AVP increased in both combined glucose and glucose polymer groups, but the increase in the glucose polymer group was significantly smaller (P less than 0.001) than that in the glucose group. A significant change in p-osm caused a significant change in pAVP and vice versa. Both the orienteers and the skiers on glucose polymer tended to have more success in the competition…

AdultMaleVasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyOsmolar ConcentrationTrack and FieldPhysical exerciseCarbohydrateMaltodextrinArginine VasopressinPlasma osmolalitychemistry.chemical_compoundGlucoseEndocrinologychemistryPolysaccharidesSkiingEndurance trainingInternal medicineBlood plasmaPhysical EndurancemedicineHumansIngestionActa Physiologica Scandinavica
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Oral supplements of vitamin E improve measures of oxidative stress in plasma and reduce oxidative damage to LDL and erythrocytes in β-thalassemia int…

2001

Fifteen beta-thalassemia intermedia patients, not requiring chronic transfusional therapy, were monitored in order to check their antioxidant status, and the lipid oxidation products in plasma, LDL, and erythrocytes before and during a 9-month oral treatment with 600 mg/day vitamin E. The low level of vitamin E, and high level of malondialdehyde in plasma clearly tended to normalize after three months (P < .001), and were quite similar to control after six months. The abnormally low level of vitamin E in LDL and the four times higher than control basal level of conjugated dienes (LDL-CD), were not modified after three months of treatment. Significant changes of LDL-VE (P < .05) and of the b…

AdultMaleVitaminmedicine.medical_specialtyErythrocytesAntioxidantAdolescentmedicine.medical_treatmentAdministration OralHematocritBiochemistryAntioxidantsLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundLipid oxidationReference ValuesInternal medicinemedicineHumansVitamin EChildVitamin Amedicine.diagnostic_testVitamin EOsmolar Concentrationbeta-ThalassemiaGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedbeta CaroteneMalondialdehydeLipidsLipoproteins LDLOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistryCase-Control StudiesFemaleHemoglobinFree Radical Research
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An assessment of the human nail plate pH.

2010

&lt;i&gt;Purpose of Study:&lt;/i&gt; To measure the pH of the surface of healthy nail plates. &lt;i&gt;Procedures:&lt;/i&gt; The surface pH of human fingernails and big toenails was measured in vivo using a skin pH meter. The influence of washing, anatomical site (fingers/toes), side (left/right), digit (digits 1–5) and gender was determined. The pH of the nail interior was also measured. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The pH of the nail plate surface was around 5, with toenails having a significantly higher pH than fingernails. Immediately after hand washing, the nail surface pH increased significantly, from pH 5.1 ± 0.4 to 5.3 ± 0.5. However, this was not sustained with time, and the pH retu…

AdultMaleWashingTape strippingPhysiologyNailDermatologyFingersYoung AdultmedicineHumansProspective Studiesskin and connective tissue diseasesAgedPharmacologyBaseline valuesChromatographyintegumentary systempHChemistryGenderGeneral MedicineAnatomyNail plateHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMiddle AgedToesSurface phmedicine.anatomical_structureNailsSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoNail (anatomy)FemaleSkin pharmacology and physiology
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Nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite and nitrate) in young patients with recent acute myocardial infarction

2008

Nitric oxide (NO) has a role in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic cardiovascular events. We studied the plasma concentration of NO stable end products (nitrite and nitrate - NO x ) in 43 patients aged <46 years, with recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The evaluation was effected at the initial stage, after 3 and 12 months. We subdivided the patients into subgroups according to the number of the main cardiovascular risk factors and to the extent of coronary disease. In the whole group the NO x concentration was initially increased and progressively decreased after 3 and 12 months, remaining at both times significantly higher than in control subjects. The patients with more risk…

AdultMalecardiovascular risk factorsmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyCardiovascular risk factorsMyocardial Infarctionacute myocardial infarctionNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateRisk FactorsnitratePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansMyocardial infarctionNitritenitriteNitritesInflammationNitratesbusiness.industryNitric oxideHematologymedicine.diseaseControl subjectsPathophysiologychemistryPlasma concentrationCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessClinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
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