Search results for "Chemical engineering"

Anodic Degradation of Lignin at Active Transition Metal-based Alloys and Performance-enhanced Anodes

2018

Automated Diffraction Tomography for the Structure Elucidation of Twinned, Sub-micrometer Crystals of a Highly Porous, Catalytically Active Bismuth M…

2012

2-Methyltetrahydrofuran: A Green Solvent for Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions

2018

Iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions allow sustainable formation of C−C bonds using cost‐effective, earth‐abundant base‐metal catalysis for complex syntheses of pharmaceuticals, natural products, and fine chemicals. The major challenge to maintain full sustainability of the process is the identification of green and renewable solvents that can be harnessed to replace the conventional solvents for this highly attractive reaction. Herein, iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of aryl chlorides and tosylates with challenging organometallic reagents possessing β‐hydrogens is found to proceed in good to excellent yields with the green, sustainable, and eco‐friendly 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MeTHF) a…

Sensing and discrimination of cyanide and hydrogen sulfide using an 8-alkenyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene derivative

2016

8-(2-Phenylethenyl)BODIPY has been shown to be an appropriate chromo-fluorogenic probe for cyanide in H2O. Good selectivity and LOD values below the allowed cyanide concentration in drinking water were attained. Cyanide can be discriminated from hydrogen sulphide by an oxidation process with hydrogen peroxide.

Opening of New Synthetic Routes Using Segmented Microflow in Multistep Syntheses

2017

The application of microfluidics in organic chemistry is a valuable tool to access new synthesis pathways and to break limitations set by traditional batch chemistry. In the past, the majority of research focused on solving problems associated with individual reactions. It is necessary to advance the field by incorporating flow chemistry in longer multistep syntheses to open more direct paths towards complicated compounds. Several strategies were developed to meet the demands of a four-step synthesis, which includes biphasic nitrations, gaseous substrates, and very fast reactions on multifunctional molecules. A unique micro flow setup was applied in each reaction to meet its specific requir…

Functionalised diimidazolium salts: the anion effect on the catalytic ability

2016

The catalytic ability of some functionalised diimidazolium ionic liquids was tested using the Michael addition of malononitrile to t-chalcone as probe reaction. Diimidazolium salts characterized by the presence of 1-(1-imidazolylmethyl)-3,5-di-[1-(3-octylimidazolylmethyl)]benzene cation and differing in the anion structure were used. Both mono- and dianions were employed and among these some chiral anions generally used as organocatalysts were taken into account. Data collected were analysed both as function of ionic liquids structure and basicity, evaluated using the Hammett basicity function. Although the use of chiral anions did not allow performing a stereochemical control of the reacti…

E,Z-Stereodivergent synthesis of N-tosyl α,β-dehydroamino esters via a Mukaiyama-Michael addition

2016

The stereodivergent synthesis of N-tosyl α,β-dehydroamino esters via a Mukaiyama–Michael addition is reported. The reaction of silylketene acetals with N-tosylimines derived from β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters in dichloromethane provided the corresponding (Z)-α,β-dehydroamino esters while the (E)-isomers were obtained when the reaction was carried out in the presence of 10 mol% copper(II) triflate.

Exploratory Synthesis of Low-Silica Nanozeolites through Geopolymer Chemistry

2019

Nanozeolites are of great interest with the premise of their efficiency in traditional applications such as catalysis and separation, as well as their emerging applications including chemical sensors, medicine, and food industry. We report a new geopolymerization route for the synthesis of nanozeolites with different crystal structures by exploring the Na–Al–Si–H2O quaternary phase space under a mild hydrothermal condition. Nanostructured faujasite (FAU), cancrinite (CAN), and sodalite (SOD) zeolites with a crystallite size smaller than 40 nm were successfully produced from our exploration, as well as a submicron-sized Linde-Type A (LTA) zeolite. The transmission electron microscopy and nit…

Hybrid GMP–polyamine hydrogels as new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation

2020

Here we present the preparation and characterization of new biocompatible materials for drug encapsulation. These new gels are based on positively charged [1+1] 1H-pyrazole-based azamacrocycles which minimise the electrostatic repulsions between the negatively charged GMP molecules. Rheological measurements confirm the electroneutral hydrogel structure as the most stable for all the GMP-polyamine systems. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to investigate the kinetics of the hydrogel formation and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) was used to obtain information about the hydrogel morphology, which exhibited a non-homogeneous structure with a high degree of cross-linking…

A new chiral dimanganese(iii) complex: synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic, magnetic, and catalytic properties

2016

Two enantiomeric complexes of formula [MnIII2(μ-OCH3)2(R-valBINAM)2]·1.75DMF (1) and [MnIII2(μ-OCH3)2(S-valBINAM)2]·2DMF (2) [valBINAM = 1,1′-binaphthalene-2,2′-bis(3-methoxysalicylideneiminate)] have been synthesized using as a ligand the chiral Schiff bases resulting from the condensation reactions between o-vanillin and the chiral 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine. The structures of 1 and 2 which have been solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction consist of neutral dimers, the manganese(III) ions being bridged by two methoxido anions, arising from the solvent, and by two valBINAM2− ligands. Their circular dichroism spectra at room temperature emphasize the occurrence of the exciton coupling…