Search results for "Child Development"
showing 9 items of 229 documents
Longitudinal Study on Growth and Body Mass Index before and after Diagnosis of Childhood Craniopharyngioma
2004
Abstract We analyzed whether childhood craniopharyngioma predisposes to obesity and growth impairment. Height/length, body mass index (BMI), and hypothalamic involvement were evaluated in 90 patients at standardized ages and time points before, after, and at the time of diagnosis. Relevant decreases in height sd score (SDS) started at 10–12 months of age and persisted until diagnosis of childhood craniopharyngioma. Relevant increases in BMI SDS were detectable between 4 and 5 yr of age. Postoperative BMI SDS (yr 1–6) had a weak positive correlation with BMI SDS at the time of diagnosis. In linear regression analysis, hypothalamic tumor involvement (P < 0.001), ponderal index at birth…
Behavioural aspects of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) that affect their dental management
2013
Dental treatment in patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can be complicated due to the presence of behavioral alterations. In this group, there are no specific behavioral profiles that allow dentist to anticipate the attitude that a patient will show during a visit. Thus, behavioral attitudes have been described that vary from total permissiveness and collaboration during even bloody procedures, to the absolute impossibility in conducting a simple oral examination. There is no effective behavioral management technique for all ASD patients. Prior information, such as the type of ASD or the presence of certain concurrent pathologies can help predict the patient’s likely behavior. The…
Prenatal manganese serum levels and neurodevelopment at 4 years of age
2020
Abstract Background The excess of manganese (Mn) causes severe deleterious effects in the central nervous system, and the developing brain is especially sensitive to Mn overload. However, results of prospective studies regarding Mn neurodevelopmental effects remain inconclusive. The present study aims at studying the association of prenatal Mn exposure and neurodevelopment at 4–5 years of age. Methods: Mn serum concentration was measured in 1465 pregnant women from the INMA (INfancia y MedioAmbiente, Environment and Childhood) Project. Neurodevelopment was assessed using a standardized version of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA). Multivariate regression models were used fo…
The INMA INfancia y Medio Ambiente-(Environment and Childhood) project: More than 10 years contributing to environmental and neuropsychological resea…
2017
Background: In 2003 the INMA—INfancia y Medio Ambiente (Environment and Childhood) project, a Spanish national network of birth cohorts including more than 3500 participants, was set up with the aim to assess the health impacts of pre- and postnatal environmental exposures on children. The project has published more than 60 papers on maternal and environmental factors related to neuropsychological development in children, one of the main research interests within the project. With the present review, we evaluate the evidence provided by the INMA project on this topic and discuss how the data can contribute to cover the challenges that children’s environmental health research will face in th…
Family Context Assessment in Middle Childhood: A Tool Supporting Social, Educational, and Public Health Interventions
2021
Quality of the family context has an important role in the physical and mental health of children
The developmental dynamics of task-avoidant behavior and math performance in kindergarten and elementary school
2012
Besides cognitive factors, children's learning at school may be influenced by more dynamic phenomena, such as motivation and achievement-related task-avoidant behavior. The present study examined the developmental dynamics of task-avoidant behavior and math performance from kindergarten to Grade 4. A total of 225 children were tested for their arithmetic skills in kindergarten and in Grades 1, 2, and 4 of elementary school. Children's task-avoidant behavior in learning situations was rated by their teachers. The results of latent growth curve analyses showed that math performance and task-avoidant behavior develop in tandem: an increase in task-avoidant behavior was related to less improvem…
Social engagement from childhood to middle age and the effect of childhood socio-economic status on middle age social engagement: results from the Na…
2016
ABSTRACTSocial engagement has powerful effects on wellbeing, but variation in individual engagement throughout the lifecourse is wide. The trajectories may differ by gender and be affected by socio-economic status (SES). However, long-term development of social engagement is little studied and the effect of childhood SES on later-life social engagement remains obscure. We aimed to describe the social engagement development from childhood to middle age by gender and test the effect of childhood SES on middle age social engagement. Data (N=16,440, 51.3% male) are drawn from the on-going National Child Development Study, following British babies born in 1958. Social engagement was measured by …
Heterogeneity versus Homogeneity in Schools: A Review of the Educational Value of Classroom Interaction
2020
The degree of homogeneity and heterogeneity among schools affects the comprehensiveness and inclusiveness of the school system and the type and scope of classroom interaction. Since the beginning of the 1980s, interest has gradually increased in the effects of homogeneity and heterogeneity of schools on classroom interactions
The Emotion Detectives Game: Supporting the Social-emotional Competence of Young Children
2017
The potential of digital games to enhance learning in different areas of child development has drawn increasing interest amid growing concern about children’s emotional well-being, social-emotional difficulties, and problem behaviors alongside diminishing economic resources for intervention and habilitation. However, digital games designed to promote social-emotional competence are surprisingly scarce. In this chapter, we explore children’s use of the digital game Emotion Detectives (ED), designed to promote children’s acquisition of emotional knowledge skills (e.g., recognizing, appreciating, and understanding emotions and their expressions), prosocial behaviors (e.g., helping, sharing, co…