Search results for "Chimiothérapie"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Rôle de l’hypotonie dans la réponse à la chimiothérapie intra-péritonéale : étude des effets sur les cellules cancéreuses et la mort immunogène indui…
2018
IntraPeritoneal Chemotherapy (IPEC) is commonly used to treat colorectal cancer metastases. However there is no standardized protocol.The aim of this work was to model this chemotherapy in vitro and to understand the role of hypotonic conditions in this model and its impact on cell death.We determined that the optimal treatment parameters on HCT116 human colon cancer cells, were an exposure of the cells for 30 minutes to 400μM of oxaliplatin under hypotonic conditions (G2.5%) at 37 °C. These results have been validated on various human and murine colic cancer cell lines. We have also shown that these treatment conditions are also able to increase the cytotoxicity of other platinum derivativ…
Mécanismes de résistance à l'apoptose induite par TRAIL dans les cellules cancéreuses : restauration de la sensibiltié à TRAIL par la chimiothérapie …
2010
The TNF-family member TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a cytokine involved in immune anti-tumour surveillance. TRAIL is one of the most promising agents currently under investigation, as it exhibits efficient anti-cancer cytotoxicity with limited side effects on healthy cells. The problem in current cancer therapy is that some cancer cells are already resistant, or can become resistant to TRAIL-induced cell death. The aim of my thesis was to study the mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL, and to find a way to bypass it. First, we were interested in the TRAIL-R4 antagonistic receptor, which is known to bind TRAIL without inducing a death signal. We have demonstrated for the firs…
Role of myeloïd derived suppressive cells (MDSC) and Th17 lymphocytes in chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy
2017
Actual oncology is still facing resistance and rapid progression of cancer. Intrinsic resistance mechanisms developed by tumor cells determine chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy. It is now recognized that the host immune response status is in part implicated in the therapeutic outcome of patients. The aim of our research team is to characterize this response and to study the impact of therapies in order to identify the mechanisms associated with future exhaust of the tumor. In this context, we have shown that chemotherapy (5-FU, oxaliplatin, anti-VEGF: FOLFOX-bevacizumab) in some patients causes a drop in devices gMDSC (granulocytic myeloid derived suppressive cells) that is associated…
18F-FDG PET imaging of breast cancer : evaluation of the metabolic behaviour of the different breast cancer subtypes and prediction of the tumor resp…
2015
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18Fluoro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is the reference imaging examination for in-vivo quantification of the glucidic metabolism of tumour cells. It allows for the monitoring of tumour metabolic changes during chemotherapy. Breast cancer comprises several distinct genomic entities with different biological characteristics and clinical behaviours, leading to different tailored treatments. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to evaluate the relationship between the different biological entities of breast cancer and the tumour metabolic behaviour during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We have also retrieved, among the various metabolic parameters on PET images, the …
Overall survival impact of BEACOPP versus ABVD in advanced hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis of 4 randomized trials
2016
IF 6.671; International audience
Isolated lung perfusion with chemotherapy in a pig model
2014
Introduction: The isolated lung perfusion (ILP) is an experimental technique which main objective is to deliver high dose of cytotoxic agent to the lung tissue without systemic exposure. The thesis took place in three stages: first stage, setting in vitro the chemotherapy the most efficient against colorectal cancer (CCR) cells in 30 min. Second stage, develop the ILP technique in a pig model. Third stage, lead a dose escalation study with chemotherapy by ILP.Methods: First stage, efficacy of various cytotoxic molecules against a panel of human CCR cell lines was tested in vitro after a 30-minute exposure. Second stage, pigs were treated with chemotherapy delivered by ILP during 30 minutes …
Sensibilisation aux drogues chimiothérapeutiques des tumeurs P53 négatives par activation de la phosphatase Wip1
2017
P53 is mutated in more than half of human cancers and when inactivated is often associated with a resistance to anti-cancer therapy. Our team has hown that in the case of p53-negative tumors, overexpression of Wip1 phosphatase sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapy, while protecting normal tissues from the side effects of the treatment. To improve this strategy, two main objectives were studied. Firstly, to find a protein which can interact with Wip1 pathway and potentiate its action in this therapeutic strategy. Secondly, to find a molecule which can activate Wip1. We realized a siRNA screening of the whole human kinome to identify several kinases, whose inhibition could potentiate anti-tu…
Etude de NLRP3 dans les cellules myéloïdes immunosuppressives et les lymphocytes TCD4 dans un contexte de cancer
2013
The inflammasome NLRP3 (NOD like receptor pyd containing 3) is a multiprotein complex notably responsible for IL-1β (interleukine-1β) production, an inflammatory cytokine. Negative effects have been observed in various diseases including cancer. My thesis focuses on the effects of NLRP3 in cancer.In my first project, I studied the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MDSC (myeloïd derived suppressor cells) after a chemotherapy treatment. Two chemotherapies, 5-Fluorouracil and Gemcitabine, are selectively able to kill MDSC, an immunosuppressive population growing during cancer evolution. MDSC’s death restores anti-tumor immunity for a while but another immunosuppressive population is established…
TRAIL signalling regulation by ezrin
2011
Background and Aim: TRAIL has sparked a growing interest in oncology due to its ability to selectively trigger cancer cell death while sparing normal cells. The Fas/actin association through ezrin, a member of the ERM protein family, has been reported to regulate early steps of Fas-mediated apoptosis. In this project, we addressed the role of ezrin regarding TRAIL-induced cell death in B lymphoma cell lines, or adherent cancer cell lines (HeLa WT, HCT116, SW480). Methods: Molecular and biochemical approaches were employed to study the relevance of ezrin and its phosphorylation status in TRAIL signaling. Results: We found that ezrin displays a negative function towards TRAIL- and Fas-mediate…
Etude du rôle d'un donneur de monoxyde d'azote (Glycéryl Trinitrate) dans la mort cellulaire immunogène induite par des chimiothérapies (FOX) et/ou r…
2017
Le cancer colorectal se situe au 3ème rang mondial des cancers les plus fréquents derrière les cancers du sein et du poumon. Dans le cas de cancer colorectal métastatique, la première ligne thérapeutique repose sur l’utilisation d’une association de chimiothérapies : le FOLFOX (acide FOLinique, 5-Fluorouracile et OXaliplatine). Malgré une forte efficacité anti-tumorale de cette combinaison, de nombreuses rechutent apparaissent nécessitant l’utilisation de nouvelles stratégies basées sur l’association du FOLFOX à d’autres agents anti-cancéreux ou stimulant le système immunitaire. Cette étude a eu comme objectif d’étudier l’effet anti-tumoral del’association du FOX (5-Fluorouracile et OXalipl…