Search results for "Chlorothiazide"

showing 10 items of 29 documents

Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydralazine with 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde in Pharmaceuticals

1991

Abstract A new extraction-spectrophotometric method for the determination of hydralazine, based on its reaction with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde at 25 °C, is described. The calibration curve was linear between 0.4 and 6 mg/mL of hydralazine. The molar absorbtivity of the product at 408 nm is 40 900 L · mol − 1 · cm − 1 . The method described was applied to the analysis of hydralazine in pharmaceutical preparations containing reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide, bendrofluorthiazine, propranolol, and other substances. The agreement with the U.S.P. XXI method was satisfactory for tablets and injections, but not for pellets.

ChromatographySpectrophotometry Infraredmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryCalibration curveTemperaturePharmaceutical SciencePropranololHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNaphthalenesReserpineHydralazineHydralazineDosage formHydrochlorothiazideSpectrophotometrySolventsmedicineIndicators and ReagentsSpectrophotometry Ultravioletmedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Estimating population size in wastewater-based epidemiology. Valencia metropolitan area as a case study.

2017

Wastewater can provide a wealth of epidemiologic data on common drugs consumed and on health and nutritional problems based on the biomarkers excreted into community sewage systems. One of the biggest uncertainties of these studies is the estimation of the number of inhabitants served by the treatment plants. Twelve human urine biomarkers —5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), acesulfame, atenolol, caffeine, carbamazepine, codeine, cotinine, creatinine, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), naproxen, salicylic acid (SA) and hydroxycotinine (OHCOT)— were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to estimate population size. The results reveal that populations calculated fr…

Environmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSubstance-Related DisordersHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPopulationWastewater-based epidemiologySewage010501 environmental sciencesWastewater01 natural sciencesPopulation densityWater Purificationchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrochlorothiazideLC–MS/MSEnvironmental healthEnvironmental ChemistryMedicineCitieseducationWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPopulation Densityeducation.field_of_studyCreatininebusiness.industryIllicit DrugsPopulation sizeCodeinePopulation estimationPollutionchemistrySpainUrine biomarkersEnvironmental chemistrybusinessCotinineWater Pollutants Chemicalmedicine.drugEnvironmental MonitoringJournal of hazardous materials
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Distribution of chlorpromazine in a simplified blood influenced by various drugs

1973

The binding of chlorpromazine to erythrocytes and to albumin as influenced by other drugs was studied in a simplified blood (31.5±0.3% bovine erythrocytes, 4 g-% bovine serum albumin in 0.02 M phosphate buffer solution containing 0.15 M NaCl). the total concentration of chlorpromazine in the simplified blood was 10−4 M, the concentration of the displacing drugs was 10−3 M. After an incubation period of 3 h at 22° C the chlorpromazine concentration was determined in the albumin solution after centrifugation of the blood at 3000×g and in the aqueous phase after ultracentrifugation at 150000×g. Under control conditions 68.1±0.9% of chlorpromazine was bound to the erythrocytes, 28.5±0.9% was bo…

ErythrocytesChlorpromazineIndomethacinSuraminBenzoatesBinding CompetitiveIncubation periodCoumarinsmedicineAnimalsDistribution (pharmacology)CentrifugationThiopentalBovine serum albuminChlorpromazinePharmacologySulfonamidesBinding SitesChromatographyQuininebiologyProbenecidChemistryFatty AcidsAqueous two-phase systemAlbuminSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineChlorothiazideTetracyclineAntidepressive AgentsSalicylatesAcetazolamidePhenylbutazoneSolubilityPhenytoinbiology.proteinCattleUltracentrifugeDeoxycholic AcidProtein Bindingmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Micellar liquid Chromatographic determination of diuretics by diazotization and coupling with the Bratton-Marshall reagent

1997

Abstract A Chromatographic procedure that uses micellar mobile phases of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and propanol at pH 3 is reported for the determination, in urine samples, of thiazide diuretics (althiazide, bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, and trichloromethiazide), and other diuretics having a sulphonamide substituent in the benzene ring. Precolumn derivatization with sodium nitrite and N -(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine, to form the coloured azo dyes of the hydrolyzed diuretics, decreased the polarity of the compounds and, consequently, their retention in the micellar eluents, and permitted detection in the visible region, eliminating thus the …

HydroflumethiazideChromatographySodiumchemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryMatrix (chemical analysis)HydrochlorothiazidechemistryMicellar liquid chromatographyReagentmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryBendroflumethiazideSpectroscopyThiazidemedicine.drugAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Automated simultaneous triple dissolution profiles of two drugs, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim and hydrochlorothiazide-captopril in solid oral dosag…

2003

This article deals with the simultaneous determination of three dissolution profiles with the aid of the new and emerging continuous-flow methodology known as multicommutation. This methodology is based on a flow network of a set of solenoid valves controlled by the computer and acting as independent multicommutators to allow the easy and automated control of flowing solutions. The obtained three dissolution profiles from one dosage form are the whole formulation profile or "global profile" recommended by pharmacopoeias, and, at same time, are recorded two "individual" profiles from two drugs present in the formulation. This is the second attempt to obtain simultaneously three dissolution p…

In vitro availabilityCaptoprilStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryDissolution profilesPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration OralDerivativeTrimethoprimDosage formAnalytical ChemistryHydrochlorothiazideSpectrophotometryQUIMICA ANALITICADrug DiscoveryTrimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationmedicineSolenoid valves multicommutationDissolutionSpectroscopyAntibacterial agentDosage FormsChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryCaptoprilHydrochlorothiazideFlow (mathematics)SolubilityPharmaceuticalsSpectrophotometry UltravioletSulphamethoxazolemedicine.drugJournal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
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Ambulatory monitoring of systolic hypertension in the elderly: Eprosartan/hydrochlorothiazide compared with losartan/hydrochlorothiazide (INSIST tria…

2010

Introduction: Systolic hypertension is very common in the elderly and is strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The control of systolic hypertension is difficult and most patients require combination antihypertensive therapy. Few data are available regarding the efficacy of angiotensin II receptor antagonists on systolic hypertension of the elderly. The aim of this double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, parallel-group, multicenter study was to assess the efficacy of eprosartan 600 mg in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)12.5 mg in comparison with losartan 50 mg in combination with HCTZ 12.5 mg, in reducing blood pressure in elderly patients…

MaleSystolic hypertensionOffice VisitsPharmacologySeverity of Illness Indexlaw.inventionHydrochlorothiazideRandomized controlled triallawAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockerPharmacology (medical)DiureticsImidazolesGeneral MedicineBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryAntihypertensive AgentLosartanHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeAcrylatesHypertensionCardiologyDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleDrug MonitoringHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyAmbulatory blood pressureSystoleLosartan/hydrochlorothiazideThiopheneselderly patientselderlyLosartanStatistics NonparametricDouble-Blind MethodThiopheneInternal medicinemedicineDiureticHumansImidazoleAntihypertensive AgentsAgedAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industryeprosartanEprosartanmedicine.diseaseambulatory blood pressure monitoringAcrylateBlood pressureOffice VisitbusinessAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAdvances in therapy
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The effects of telmisartan alone or with hydrochlorothiazide on morning and 24-h ambulatory BP control: results from a practice-based study (SURGE 2)

2012

Observational studies have shown that 24-h and morning ambulatory blood pressure (BP) control is low. This large-scale, practice-based study evaluated the effects of telmisartan 40 or 80 mg alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5 mg on these BP parameters over 8 weeks; treatment was adjusted if clinic BP remained ≥140/90 mm Hg. A total of 863 patients were evaluated (baseline mean clinic BP, morning and 24-h ambulatory BP: 155±15/93±10 mm Hg, 137±15/83±11 mm Hg, 133±14/79±10 mm Hg, respectively; 68% were previously treated at baseline). Telmisartan with/without HCTZ significantly reduced the mean morning ambulatory BP (-8.2/-4.9 mm Hg), daytime ambulatory BP (-8.0/-4.7 …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAmbulatory blood pressureAdolescentPhysiologyAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressurePharmacologyBenzoatesYoung AdultHydrochlorothiazideReference ValuesAmbulatory CareInternal MedicinemedicineHumansTelmisartanambulatory blood pressure monitoring hidro hydrochlorothiazide morning blood pressure control telmisartanAntihypertensive AgentsAgedMorningAged 80 and overbusiness.industryMED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLAREBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle AgedCircadian RhythmDrug CombinationsHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeHypertensionAmbulatoryEmergency medicineBenzimidazolesDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleTelmisartanCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugHypertension Research
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Metabolic and Cardiovascular Effects of Switching Thiazides to Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes (the Diuretics an…

2020

Background: Different studies have indicated that thiazide diuretics can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether switching from hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) to amlodipine resulted in ameliorating different cardiovascular and metabolic measures in hypertensive patients with or without T2D. Methods: This study [Diuretics and Diabetes Control (DiaDiC)] was a 6-week, single-blind, single-center randomized controlled trial. The first 20 normal glucose-tolerant, 20 prediabetic, and 20 T2D consecutive patients were randomized to continue the previous antihypertensive treatment with HCTZ (12.5-25 mg/day) or to switch from HCTZ to amlodi…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsdiureticBlood PressureType 2 diabetesSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaInternal medicineInternal MedicineMedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodAmlodipineSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateThiazideAntihypertensive AgentsAgedtreatmentbusiness.industryDrug Substitutioncardiovascularfood and beveragesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersDiabetes controlHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2ItalyHypertensionCardiologyFemaletype 2 diabetesAmlodipinethiazidebusinessEnergy MetabolismmetabolismBiomarkersmedicine.drugMetabolic syndrome and related disorders
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�ber die Dissoziation von Funktion und Stoffwechsel des isolierten Meerschweinchenherzens unter dem Einflu� von Phosphodiesterase-Hemmstoffen

1970

The influence of several phosphodiesterase-blocking agents on some mechanical and metabolic parameters of isolated perfused guinea pig hearts was studied in order to reinvestigate the repeatedly demonstrated close correlation between these functions. 1. In concentrations which caused 50% inhibition of the phosphodiesterase, theophyllin (1.8×10−4M), ethacrynic acid (4×10−4M) and papaverine (1×10−5M) produced positive inotropic effects by increasing the rate of contraction of the heart muscle (dp/dt). The other substances tested, furosemide (5×10−4M) and hydrochlorothiazide (1.5×10−3M), did not significantly influence the mechanical function of the hearts (Fig.1, upper chart). 2. The coronary…

PharmacologyInotropemedicine.medical_specialtyPapaverineContraction (grammar)GlycogenFurosemidePhosphodiesteraseGeneral Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyHydrochlorothiazidechemistryInternal medicinemedicineTheophyllinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv f�r Pharmakologie
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Red blood cell sodium and potassium after hydrochlorothiazide.

1981

In six of seven healthy males 6 days of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), 50 mg twice daily, without potassium supplements resulted in a rise in red blood cell (RBC) sodium concentration. Serum potassium concentration fell in all subjects. Four days after discontinuing HCT, intracellular sodium and extracellular potassium concentrations had normalized. Throughout the evaluation period the course of mean relative intracellular sodium was almost a mirror image of mean relative extracellular potassium. Thus, either the decline of serum potassium or of HCT (because of its inhibitory effect on Na-K-ATPase activity) might have diminished Na-K-ATPase–dependent active RBC sodium efflux with a resultant ri…

PharmacologyIntracellular sodiumMaleErythrocytesTime FactorsPotassiumSodiumSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementPharmacologyRed blood cellHydrochlorothiazidemedicine.anatomical_structureHydrochlorothiazidechemistrySerum potassiummedicinePotassiumHumansPharmacology (medical)EffluxInhibitory effectmedicine.drugClinical pharmacology and therapeutics
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