Search results for "Choice"
showing 10 items of 795 documents
Why Do Black Grouse Males Perform on Lek Sites outside the Breeding Season?
1999
Studies of sexual selection have focused mainly on explanations of how male characteristics influence mating success during the breeding season. By contrast, few studies have investigated how behaviours prior to the breeding season influence mate choice d
Combs and sexual selection in black grouse (Tetrao tetrix)
2000
We studied supra-orbital combs in lekking black grouse (Telrao tetrix) in relation to sexual selection at five leks in Finland 1991-1998 and four leks in Sweden 1992-1995. Comb size was estimated in two ways: by observing its natural size in the field at
The effects of parasites on male ornaments and female choice in the lek-breeding black grouse (Tetrao tetrix)
1992
We describe the results of two studies of parasitic infection in the black grouse (Tetrao tetrix). The first deals with our own observations of lekking black grouse in which the parasite levels of two blood parasites, the protozoan Leucocytozoon lovati and microfilaria, probably produced by a nematode worm Splendidofilaria tuvensis, were scored. We also obtained measures of age, survival, number of copulations, body mass and length of the ornamental tail feathers (the lyre) of the lekking males. The second study analysed the data from Lund (1954) which involved eight gut parasites obtained from birds which were killed. In the first study we found higher levels of infection of Leucocytozoon …
Leksinių samplaikų sąrašo tikslinimas: bandymas taikyti Formulex metodą
2017
A number of corpus studies focusing on the description of the use and functions of lexical bundles havebeen conducted recently in order to explore the phraseology of learner language. As with any studiesof lexical bundles, the problem of overlapping or structurally incomplete items poses a particularchallenge. In practice, it is often difficult to align such units with specific discourse functions. The factthat lexical bundles do not constitute neat form-and-meaning mappings results from, among otherreasons, their being grounded in language use rather than language system. In this pilot study weattempt to test a new method called Formulex (Forsyth, 2015a; 2015b) to verify whether an applica…
An ethnographic study of language socialization and choice in a first and second grade English medium classroom in Finland
2013
In this ethnographic study of language socialization I investigate how a monolingual language norm is instituted, maintained, monitored, resisted, and subverted by participants in a first and second grade English medium class in Finland. In this setting language choice and use are an integral part of membership in this class. This study foregrounds the social implications of managing a monolingual norm by examining student agency, resistance, the achievement of voice, the uptake of a teacher-like discourse, and the practice of repair. The end result is a detailed exploration of peer-talk among students engaged in a variety of activities, highlighting the diverse trajectories of individuals,…
Familiarity changes as a function of perceptual shifts.
2010
This experiment compares the yes-no and forced recognition tests as methods of measuring familiarity. Participants faced a phase of 3 study-test recognition trials in which they studied words using all the letters of the alphabet (overlapping condition, O), and an additional phase in which targets and lures did not share any letters (non-overlapping condition, NO). Finally, subjects performed a forced-choice task in which they had to choose one of two new words, each from one of the subsets (Parkin et al., 2001). Results in the NO condition higher than .50, showing their sensitivity to familiarity. When the letter set of the words for study in the third list of the NO condition was swit…
Transposed-letter and laterality effects in lexical decision.
2006
Two divided visual field lexical decision experiments were conducted to examine the role of the cerebral hemispheres in transposed-letter similarity effects. In Experiment 1, we created two types of nonwords: nonadjacent transposed-letter nonwords (TRADEGIA; the base word was TRAGEDIA, the Spanish for TRAGEDY) and two-letter different nonwords (orthographic controls: TRATEPIA). In Experiment 2, the controls were one-letter different nonwords (TRAGEPIA) instead of two-letter different nonwords (TRATEPIA). The effect of transposed-letter similarity was substantially greater in the right visual field (left hemisphere) than in the left visual field. Furthermore, nonwords created by transposing …
The effect of the emotive decisions in prospect theory.
2015
AbstractThe main purpose of this paper was to show that the certainty and reflection effects of prospect theory do not occur when stimuli have an affective value. To this end, 160 participants were asked to reply to a series of problems originally designed by Kahneman and Tversky (1979), but modified according to the contributions of Rottenstreich and Hsee (2001). The sample was divided into four experimental conditions, two in a gain situation and two in a loss situation. In both cases, affect-rich and affect-poor stimuli were applied in sure and probable alternatives. The findings showed that, in agreement with our hypotheses, the affective value of the stimuli altered the outcome predict…
Les éditorialistes : auteurs scientifiques ou acteurs sociaux
2007
Les éditoriaux peuvent être perçus comme une interface entre la recherche scientifique et l'opinion publique. Nous avons cherché à savoir si l'objectif des éditorialistes scientifiques n'est que de poursuivre une tradition journalistique, ou de mettre en œuvre des stratégies idéologiques ou sociétales, justifiant ainsi leur raison d'être dans la société au sens large. Cette étude présente les thèmes sélectionnés dans deux revues médicales britanniques de grande réputation sur une période de deux ans, ainsi que les liens potentiels avec les articles de recherche publiés dans les mêmes journaux scientifiques. Le but et l'utilisation même des éditoriaux sont analysés tant à l'intérieur qu'à l'…
Suspected motor problems and low preference for active play in childhood are associated with physical inactivity and low fitness in adolescence.
2011
Background This prospective longitudinal study investigates whether suspected motor problems and low preference for active play in childhood are associated with physical inactivity and low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence. Methodology/Principal Findings The study sample consisted of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC 1986) composed of 5,767 children whose parents responded to a postal inquiry concerning their children's motor skills at age 8 years and who themselves reported their physical activity at age 16 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a cycle ergometer test at age 16 years. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the level o…