Search results for "Choice"

Deliveries by caesarean sections on request of women: legal-medical evidence

2014

Introduction: In Italy the use of caesarean delivery has a rising trend moving away from European standards appeared on Euro-Peristat on maternal and child health, presenting the highest percentage of use of this procedure with significant regional differences. This study have analyzed the most recent data of a Sicilian reality about normal delivery and caesarean sections carried out in a hospital situated in Messina (Italy). Materials and methods: A total number of 1,573 medical records from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2013 were analyzed and data gathered were statistically examined to describe general and specific parameters of the sample making use of Epi Info 7.1.4 software (CDC A…

The stability of genetic variance?covariance matrix in the presence of selection

2007

Quantitative genetics provides one of the most important frameworks in which evolutionary biology and evolution can be studied. The primary goals of this field of study include the attempts to understand the history of selection that has resulted in the multiple phenotypic traits we observe today, and to predict the future trajectory of the multiple traits. Within quantitative genetics it is the genetic variance–covariance matrix G which summarizes the additive genetic variation of multiple traits and the genetic covariances between the traits, together with selection that control the direction and rate of evolution. The product of these two elements determine the response to selection from…

Gendered power relations in the digital age : an analysis of Japanese women’s media choice and use within a global context

2021

This study investigates the persistence of gendered choice and use of media, particularly in Japanese domestic settings. It shows how women’s significant presence in the digital media environment does not necessarily translate into substantial changes in gendered power dynamics in choosing and using particular media for certain purposes at home. This project’s authors, researchers from Argentina, Finland, Israel, Japan, and the US, analyzed interview data from Japan by drawing on the Foucauldian concept of micro-level power, which is categorized into three main types: personal authority, media affordances, and space-time constellations. Through this process, we interviewed 77 individuals, r…

Desigualdades de género y formación profesional : elecciones, abandono y expectativas.

2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las desigualdades de género con relación a las motivaciones escolares a la hora de escoger un ciclo formativo de grado medio, las motivaciones del abandono femenino y las expectativas para después de la formación profesional. Se parte del contexto sociohistórico e institucional de la formación profesional en España, del marco teórico de las elecciones escolares y de la perspectiva de género en la segregación laboral y educativa. A través del análisis del discurso de 12 jóvenes entrevistadas, se ha podido comprobar la persistencia de las desigualdades de género en la formación profesional, en las elecciones y las motivaciones y también se han encont…

The information content of odour, colour and tactile cues in the mate choice of minnows

2011

AbstractSexual displays often involve many different signal components, which may give information about the same or different mate qualities. We studied the information content of different signals in male minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus) and tested whether females are able to discriminate between males when only olfactory cues are present. We found that females preferred the odour of males with a more saturated (i.e., redder) belly, but only when the females had been in physical contact with the males before the experiments. Instead, when unfamiliar males were used, females did not discriminate between male odours and also the overall swimming activity (mate choice intensity) of the females wa…

Maintenance of genetic variation in sexual ornamentation : role of precopulatory and postcopulatory sexual selection

2010

Small field motion detection in goldfish is red-green color blind and mediated by the M-cone type

2007

Large field motion detection in goldfish, measured in the optomotor response, is based on the L-cone type, and is therefore color-blind (Schaerer & Neumeyer, 1996). In experiments using a two-choice training procedure, we investigated now whether the same holds for the detection of a small moving object (size: 8 mm diameter; velocity: 7 cm/s). In initial experiments, we found that goldfish did not discriminate between a moving and a stationary stimulus, obviously not taking attention to the cue “moving.” Therefore, random dot patterns were used in which the stimulus was visible only when moving. Using black and white random dot patterns with variable contrast between 0.2 and 1, we found…

Privilégier la santé ou le plaisir : impact des attitudes envers l’alimentation et du contexte sur les choix alimentaires des enfants normo-pondéraux…

2017

In the food domain, pleasure and health are often viewed as two opposite sides of a coin. However, surprisingly sparse research has examined the relative influence of hedonic versus nutritional considerations on food choices, especially in children. Yet, a better understanding of the factors that underlie healthy or unhealthy eating in children is of particular importance because eating habits are early shaped. To fill this gap, we explored the relationships between hedonic- versus nutrition-based attitudes towards food, pleasure- versus health-oriented eating contexts and children’s food choices. First, our results showed that the relative dominance of nutrition- versus hedonic-based impli…

NATIONAL PHYSICS OLYMPIADS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF PARTICIPANTS AND PHYSICS TEACHERS

2021

The development of student's interests and skills is strategically important to foster their career choice in the field of science, technology and engineering, which is one of the goals of Latvia's National Development Plan for 2021-2027. Physics Olympiads can be used as one of the enrichment measures to supplement formal school teaching in raising student motivation and developing their skills and talents. We explore directions in which the existing system of Physics Olympiads can be improved, with the goals of reaching a wider audience of teachers and students and achieving further integration with the learning processes in schools. We have conducted a survey of physics teachers (NT=188),…

Problems and challenges for the Politics of Education before the change of prominence experienced by educational actors

2013

This paper deals with some of the problems that the Politics of Education has to face both as a subject and as a government action. Based above all on the literature appeared in specialized journals during the last five years, our attention is firstly focused on the concern for using an active methodology in the teaching of this subject which places students at the center of the teaching-learning process with the aim of encouraging their interest in its contents and inducing them to acquire civic competences. Secondly, the new but already deeply-rooted neoliberal conception of education is used to describe some of its policies, such as accountability, assessment and free choice of school. O…