Search results for "Cholesterol"

Birth weight, cardiometabolic risk factors and effect modification of physical activity in children and adolescents: pooled data from 12 internationa…

2020

Abstract Objectives Low and high birth weight is associated with higher levels of cardiometabolic risk factors and adiposity in children and adolescents, and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and early mortality later in life. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factors and may mitigate the detrimental consequences of high or low birth weight. Thus, we examined whether MVPA modified the associations between birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Methods We used pooled individual data from 12 cohort- or cross-sectional studies including 9,100 children and adolescents. Birth weigh…

The impact of type of dietary protein, animal versus vegetable, in modifying cardiometabolic risk factors: A position paper from the International Li…

2021

Proteins play a crucial role in metabolism, in maintaining fluid and acid-base balance and antibody synthesis. Dietary proteins are important nutrients and are classified into: 1) animal proteins (meat, fish, poultry, eggs and dairy), and, 2) plant proteins (legumes, nuts and soy). Dietary modification is one of the most important lifestyle changes that has been shown to significantly decrease the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) by attenuating related risk factors. The CVD burden is reduced by optimum diet through replacement of unprocessed meat with low saturated fat, animal proteins and plant proteins. In view of the available evidence, it has become acceptable to emphasize the …

Exposition continue aux xéno-hormones à faibles doses chez le rat : effets multi-générationnels de mélanges sur les préférences gustatives, le compor…

2012

During the last decade, the issue of health-related endocrine disruptors (ED) has been extended to the toxicity of mixtures. The objective of this study was to define the effects of lifelong exposure to ED mixtures, at low doses defined as "non-harmful" by the authorities. In this aim, the effects of mixtures combining genistein, vinclozolin and bisphenol A, have been investigated in the rat by using an integrative and multi-generational experimental approach which takes into account maternal behavior, feeding behavior and development. Our results show that these mixtures could: a) reduce maternal behavior, b) change taste preferences (sweet, salty), c) affect the development from the in ut…

Identification of bound alcohols in soil humic acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

2000

International audience; Humic acids are complex, partly macromolecular, yellow-brownish substances occurring in soils, waters and sediments. In order to shed some light on their molecular structure, crop humic acids were cleaved by alkaline hydrolysis (KOH). The products were fractionated by thin layer chromatography to give mono-alcohols which were analysed as acetate derivatives by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Linear alcohols, sterols, stanols and plant-derived triterpenoid alcohols were identified by co-injection of pure standards and by comparison with literature data. These findings imply that alcohols could have been incorporated into the humic matrix by esterifica…

Cholestérol et pathologies oculaires

2014

LXR, prostate cancer and cholesterol: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

2012

International audience; Cholesterol is a fundamental molecule for life. Located in the cell membrane, this sterol participates to the cell signaling of growth factors. Inside the cell it can be converted in hormones such as androgens or modulate the immune response. Such important functions could not be solely dependent of external supply by diet hence de novo synthesis could occur from acetate in almost all mammalian cells. If a deficiency in cholesterol sourcing leads to development troubles, overstocking has been associated to various diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancers. Cholesterol homeostasis should thus be tightly regulated at the uptake, de novo synthesis, storage and export…

Characterization of cholesterol metabolism in an experimental model of glaucoma in rats

2019

International audience; Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative pathology characterized by retinal ganglion cell death. Cholesterol homeostasis disruption has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Huntington. However, its specific role in the retina and association with glaucoma remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the modifications of cholesterol metabolism occurring during an experimental model of glaucoma in rats. Eight-weeks old male rats were subjected to laser photocoagulation of episcleral veins, limbus and trabecular meshwork to elevate intraocular pressure. At a short (3 days) and a long (2 months) time period post-laser, the retin…

Cholesterol homeostasis and retinal stress in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

2016

International audience

Implication of 24-S-hydroxycholesterol in Muller glial cell's membrane dynamics in the rat.

2016

Implication of 24-S-hydroxycholesterol in Muller glial cell's membrane dynamics in the rat.. Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology (ARVO)

Développement de méthodes de référence pour les biomarqueurs du bilan lipidique : application au contrôle qualité en biologie clinique

2013

Reliable measurements in medical biology are essential for early screening and appropriate follow-up of patients. Ensuring metrological traceability of clinical measurements to higher order reference methods or certified reference materials enables to obtain comparable results over time and between different laboratories that could use different methods to quantify the same biomarker.In this study, reference methods were developed and validated for lipid profile biomarkers (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C). Their value added in proficiency testing schemes was demonstrated against consensus mean. They were also used to characterize a certified reference material (CRM) that…