Search results for "Chronic Obstructive"

showing 10 items of 321 documents

Bronchial inflammation and bacterial load in stable COPD is associated with TLR4 overexpression.

2017

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are two major forms of innate immune sensors but their role in the immunopathology of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is incompletely studied. Our objective here was to investigate TLR and NLR signalling pathways in the bronchial mucosa in stable COPD.Using immunohistochemistry, the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, NOD1, NOD2, CD14, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), Toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), and the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases phospho-IRAK1 and IRAK4 were measured in the bronchial muc…

0301 basic medicineTIRAPMaleRespiratory SystemVital CapacityHAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAELUNG MICROBIOMEPathogenesisPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineNOD2ImmunopathologyForced Expiratory VolumeNod1 Signaling Adaptor ProteinNOD1PhosphorylationCOPDSmoking11 Medical And Health SciencesMiddle AgedCPG-DNAbronchial inflammationAnti-Bacterial AgentsStreptococcus pneumoniaePseudomonas aeruginosaMOUSE LUNGFemaleLife Sciences & BiomedicineMoraxella catarrhalisSignal TransductionEXPRESSIONPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineCD14BronchiRespiratory MucosaReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionOBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASETLRs NLR bronchial inflammationNLRDENDRITIC CELL SUBSETS03 medical and health sciencesProtein DomainsmedicineHumansTLRsAgedTOLL-LIKE RECEPTORSCOPD TLR4InflammationScience & TechnologyBacteriabusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseHaemophilus influenzaeBacterial Loadrespiratory tract diseasesToll-Like Receptor 4TLR2030104 developmental biology030228 respiratory systemImmunologyINNATE IMMUNITYT-CELLSbusinessThe European respiratory journal
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The respiratory virome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018

Aim: To characterize the respiratory virome in moderate/severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using metagenomics, with healthy subjects as the reference. Patients & Methods: Sputum COPD samples were collected during stability and exacerbations with negative usual-care microbiologic analysis. Results: Eukaryotic viruses from the Anelloviridae, Herpesviridae and Retroviridae families and phages from the Shiphoviridae family were commonly found in COPD, and the respiratory virome in stability and noninfectious exacerbations showed a substantial similarity. DNA viruses with the highest relative abundance in COPD are Anelloviridae. Conclusion: These results support a …

0301 basic medicinechronic obstructive diseasemetagenomicsviromebusiness.industryPulmonary diseaserespiratory tract diseases03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicine030228 respiratory systemVirologyImmunologyMedicineHuman viromeRespiratory systembusinessFuture Virology
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The role of extracellular calcium in bone metastasis

2016

AbstractThis review summarizes the role of extracellular calcium, as found present in the bone tissue, in the process of bone metastasis.

0301 basic medicinelcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemIGF insulin-like growth factorPGE-2 prostaglandin E-2Bone tissueFibroblast growth factorM-CSF macrophage colony-stimulating factorPDGF platelet-derived growth factorBone remodelingSK3 small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 30302 clinical medicineERK extracellular signal-regulated kinaseTGFβ transforming growth factor betaBMP's bone morphogenetic proteinsbiologyAKT AKT8 virus oncogene cellular homologBone metastasislcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogenshumanitiescAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphatemedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyRANKL030220 oncology & carcinogenesisIon channelsCaSR calcium-sensing receptorPTHrP parathyroid hormone-related proteinPlatelet-derived growth factor receptorResearch PaperTRP transient receptor potentialmedicine.medical_specialtychemistry.chemical_elementCalciumRANKL receptor activator of NF-κB ligandlcsh:RC254-28203 medical and health sciencesPLC phospholipase CInternal medicinemedicineExtracellularCaSRET-1 endothelin-1PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10business.industryBone metastasismedicine.diseaseFGF fibroblast growth factor030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyPSA prostate specific antigenchemistryCOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasebiology.proteinCancer researchJNK jun N-terminal kinasePKA protein kinase ARANK receptor activator of NF-κBCalciumlcsh:RC925-935businessMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseJournal of Bone Oncology
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Cigarette Smoke Increases Endothelial CXCL16-Leukocyte CXCR6 Adhesion In Vitro and In Vivo. Potential Consequences in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary D…

2017

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although the mechanism of its development remains largely unknown, it appears to be associated with cigarette consumption and reduced lung function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential link between water-soluble cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced endothelial dysfunction and the function of CXCL16/CXCR6 axis on the initial attachment of leukocytes, in addition to its possible impact on COPD-associated systemic inflammation. To do this, we employed several experimental approaches, including RNA silencing and flow cytometry analysis, the dynamic flow chamber tec…

0301 basic medicinelcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergymedicine.medical_specialtyChemokinecardiovascular comorbidityImmunologychemokines030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySystemic inflammationPeripheral blood mononuclear cellendothelial dysfunctionchronic obstructive pulmonary disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineImmunology and AllergyPlateletEndothelial dysfunctionCXCL16Original ResearchCOPDbiologybusiness.industrycigarette smokearterial endotheliumleukocyte recruitmentmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologybiology.proteinmedicine.symptombusinesslcsh:RC581-607Intravital microscopyFrontiers in Immunology
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Salmeterol Xinafoate (SX) loaded into mucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles for COPD treatment

2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main health problems worldwide. It is characterised by chronic inflammation in the lungs that leads to progressive, chronic, largely irreversible airflow obstruction. The use of long-acting β agonists remain today the frontline treatment for COPD with the aim of minimizing side effects and enhancing therapeutic usefulness. To this purpose, in this paper, mucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) containing a long-acting β-2 agonist, Salmeterol Xinafoate (SX) were prepared, characterised (size, z-potential, aerodynamic diameter, turbidimetric evaluations, drug loading and entrapping efficiency) and tested in a model of bronchial…

3003AgonistDrugAlginatesCell Survivalmedicine.drug_classmedia_common.quotation_subjectSodium alginate polymerPharmaceutical ScienceChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)Inflammation02 engineering and technologyPharmacology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyCell LinePulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinecAMPmedicineHumansAerodynamic diameterAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsSalmeterol Xinafoatemedia_commonDrug CarriersCOPDInhalationChemistryTherapeutic effectAdhesiveness021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.diseaseLipidsSALMETEROL XINAFOATEBronchodilator Agentsrespiratory tract diseasesSalmeterol Xinafoate (SX)MucusAerodynamic diametermedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologyInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
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Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

ARDSSoins intensifs réanimationmedicine.medical_treatmentAirway pressuresPEEP positive end-expiratory pressureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionHypoxemiaCohort StudiesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilationSARI severe acute respiratory infectionlawHospital MortalityProspective StudiesIQR interquartile rangesProspective cohort studyRCT randomized controlled trialTidal volumeSOFA Sequential Organ Failure AssessmentSAPS Simplified Acute Physiology ScoreIntensive care unitVCV volume-controlled ventilationHIV human immunodeficiency virusIntensive Care UnitsIC GLOSSARI Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infectionmedicine.symptomCohort studyLOS length of staymedicine.medical_specialtyVt tidal volumeCOPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNYHA New York Heart Association.PCV pressure-controlled ventilationArticleInternal medicineICU Intensive Care UnitSIMV Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilationmedicineTidal VolumeHumansDP driving pressurePEEPARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryOdds ratioPneumoniaPlateau pressuremedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialVILI ventilator induced lung injuryCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioIMV invasive mechanical ventilationCPAP continuous positive airway pressureARDSbusinessSD standard deviationECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationPBW predicted body weightPplat plateau pressure
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Symptom variability and control in COPD: Advantages of dual bronchodilation therapy

2017

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by usually progressive development of airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible. While most patients will experience symptoms throughout the day or in the morning upon awakening, many patients do not experience their symptoms as constant but report variability in symptoms during the course of the day or over time. Symptom variability adversely affects patients' health status and increases the risk of COPD exacerbations. Methods We examined data from the literature on symptom variability and control in patients with COPD, with focus on the use of inhaled bronchodilator therapy wi…

Aclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAclidiniumHealth StatusVital CapacityHealth StatuPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineForced Expiratory VolumeFormoterol FumarateBronchodilatorBronchodilationFormoterol030212 general & internal medicineAclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Administration Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Bronchodilator Agents; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Therapy Combination; Forced Expiratory Volume; Formoterol Fumarate; Health Status; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Tropanes; Vital CapacityLung functionCOPDbiologyChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTropaneLamaBronchodilator AgentsMuscarinic AntagonistTreatment OutcomeInhalationAdministrationCombinationDisease ProgressionDrug Therapy CombinationDrugHumanmedicine.drugAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic Obstructivemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classSymptom variabilitySocio-culturaleMuscarinic AntagonistsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioDose-Response RelationshipPulmonary Disease03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansIntensive care medicineAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsBronchodilator AgentDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMuscarinic antagonistDual bronchodilator therapymedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationLung functionrespiratory tract diseasesAclidinium; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Dual bronchodilator therapy; Formoterol; Lung function; Symptom variability; Administration Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Bronchodilator Agents; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Therapy Combination; Forced Expiratory Volume; Formoterol Fumarate; Health Status; Humans; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Tropanes; Vital Capacity; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineDual bronchodilation030228 respiratory systemQuality of LifeFormoterolbusinessTropanesRespiratory Medicine
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Early management of COPD: Where are we now and where do we go from here? a delphi consensus project

2019

Fabiano Di Marco,1 Piero Balbo,2 Francesco de Blasio,3 Vittorio Cardaci,4 Nunzio Crimi,5 Giuseppe Girbino,6 Girolamo Pelaia,7 Pietro Pirina,8 Pietro Roversi,9 Pierachille Santus,10,11 Nicola Scichilone,12 Alessandro Vatrella,13 Patrizio Pasqualetti,14 Mauro Carone15 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Respiratory Unit, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; 2SC Malattie dell’Apparato Respiratorio, AOU Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy; 3Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Section, Clinic Center S.p.A. Private Hospital, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, It…

Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinedrug combinationspractice guidelines as topicConsensuPredictive Value of Testbronchodilator therapy; dyspnea; italy; respiratory symptoms; adrenal cortex hormones; adrenergic beta-2 receptor agonists; adult; bronchodilator agents; consensus; delphi technique; drug combinations; early diagnosis; early medical intervention; evidence-based medicine; female; humans; italy; male; middle aged; muscarinic antagonists; practice guidelines as topic; predictive value of tests; pulmonary disease; chronic obstructive; surveys and questionnaires; treatment outcomeadrenal cortex hormonesSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioInternational Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseasedyspnoeaAdrenal Cortex HormonePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructivemaleDrug CombinationEarly Diagnosiitalymiddle agedSurveys and Questionnairehumansmuscarinic antagonistsBronchodilator AgentOriginal Researchearly medical interventionpulmonary diseaselcsh:RC705-779chronic obstructiveHealth Policyadultbronchodilator agentsEnvironmental and Occupational Healthrespiratory symptomsbronchodilator therapylcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemdyspneaBronchodilator therapy; Dyspnea; Italy; Respiratory symptoms; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Health Policy; Public Health Environmental and Occupational Healthpredictive value of testsMuscarinic AntagonistfemaleconsensusRespiratory symptomsurveys and questionnairestreatment outcomePublic Healthdelphi techniqueadrenergic beta-2 receptor agonistsevidence-based medicineHumanearly diagnosis
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Advancing beyond the system: telemedicine nurses' clinical reasoning using a computerised decision support system for patients with COPD - an ethnogr…

2017

Abstract Background Telemedicine is changing traditional nursing care, and entails nurses performing advanced and complex care within a new clinical environment, and monitoring patients at a distance. Telemedicine practice requires complex disease management, advocating that the nurses’ reasoning and decision-making processes are supported. Computerised decision support systems are being used increasingly to assist reasoning and decision-making in different situations. However, little research has focused on the clinical reasoning of nurses using a computerised decision support system in a telemedicine setting. Therefore, the objective of the study is to explore the process of telemedicine …

AdultDecision support systemTelemedicineProcess (engineering)Clinical Decision-MakingEthnographyHealth InformaticsNursinglcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsHealth informatics03 medical and health sciencesNursing careInformationSystems_GENERALPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineAnthropology CulturalQualitative ResearchMedical educationData collection030504 nursingbusiness.industryNorwayHealth PolicyChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCitizen journalismReasoningMiddle AgedDecision Support Systems ClinicalComputerised decision support systemFocus groupTelemedicineComputer Science Applicationslcsh:R858-859.7Female0305 other medical sciencebusinessPsychologyQualitativeResearch ArticleDecision-makingBMC medical informatics and decision making
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What proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outpatients is eligible for inclusion in randomized clinical trials?

2013

<b><i>Background and Objective:</i></b> We aimed to explore to what extent an unselected population of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outpatients would be eligible for inclusion in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective analysis of the clinical records of outpatient subjects with an ascertained diagnosis of COPD. COPD outpatients were assessed against the following inclusion criteria: 40 < age < 80 years, current or former smokers, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) <70% predicted, no long-term oxygen therapy, no other concomitant lung diseases and …

AdultLung DiseasesMalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEPulmonary diseaseComorbiditySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.inventionCohort StudiesPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveRandomized controlled triallawForced Expiratory VolumeInternal medicinePragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicmedicineHumansCOPDAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overCOPDbusiness.industryPatient SelectionSmokingAge FactorsOxygen Inhalation TherapyRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComorbidityBronchiectasisrespiratory tract diseasesPhysical therapyFemaleObservational studyCognition DisordersbusinessCohort study
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