Search results for "Chronic"
showing 10 items of 3309 documents
Contingent biofeedback outperforms other methods to enhance the accuracy of cardiac interoception: A comparison of short interventions.
2019
Abstract Background and objectives Deviations in interoception might contribute to the development and maintenance of mental disorders. The improvement of interoceptive accuracy (IA) is desirable but assessment and training methods remain controversial. For instance, it was assumed that performance increases in heartbeat counting paradigms after cardiac feedback were due to an improvement of knowledge with regard to heart rate rather than due to an actual improvement in IA. Methods Here, we examined effects of contingent cardiac feedback training, non-contingent cardiac feedback, mindfulness practice, and a waiting period with external attentional focus on IA. 100 healthy participants under…
Randomized trial of albinterferon alfa-2b every 4 weeks for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2/3
2012
Albinterferon alfa-2b (albIFN) is a fusion protein of recombinant human albumin/recombinant interferon (IFN)-α-2b, with ∼200-h half-life. Safety/efficacy of albIFN q4wk was evaluated in 391 treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2/3. Patients were randomized 3:4:4:4 to one of four open-label treatment groups: pegylated IFN (Peg-IFN)-α-2a 180 μg qwk or albIFN 900, 1200 or 1500 μg q4wk, plus oral ribavirin 800 mg/day, for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR; HCV RNA <20 IU/mL 24 weeks post-treatment). SVR rates were as follows: 85%, 76%, 76% and 78% with Peg-IFNα-2a and albIFN 900, 1200 and 1500 μg, respectively (P = NS); c…
Meta-analysis
2012
Treatment of the pain caused by chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not standardized. Knowledge of the response to placebo in this setting may aid the design of future trials. We aimed at investigating the placebo effect on abdominal pain remission rates in patients with CP.MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched, and randomized placebo-controlled trials in CP providing data on abdominal pain remission rates in placebo arms were included. Pooled estimates of the placebo rate were calculated using random-effects logistic regression analysis. Stratum-specific rates for different patients and study-level covariates were calculated to account for heterogeneity.Seven randomized controlled trials (202…
Diagnosis, treatment and long-term outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis in Spain based on the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria: A multi-cen…
2015
Abstract Objectives Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis that has been reported worldwide for the last two decades. The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical profile of patients from Spain with AIP, as well as treatments, relapses and long-term outcomes. Methods Data from 59 patients with suspected AIP that had been diagnosed in 15 institutions are retrospectively analysed. Subjects are classified according to the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC). Patients with type 1 AIP (AIP1) and type 2 AIP (AIP2) are compared. Kaplan–Meier methodology is used to estimate the overall survival without relapses. Results Fifty-two patients met ICDC, 45 pat…
Circulating E-selectin levels in chronic hepatitis C patients with normal or elevated transaminase before and after alpha-interferon treatment
2001
E-selectin, an adhesion molecule of the selectin family, is involved in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and in the cellular immunological reactions. Expression of this molecule, in fact, is physiologically absent, but it becomes evident on sinusoidal lining cells during inflammatory liver disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of E-selectin in chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) patients with persistently normal transaminase in comparison to patients with CH-C and elevated transaminase, and its changes during alpha-interferon therapy. Immunohistochemical localization of E-selectin was also performed on liver tissue specimens of both groups. Fifty-eight subjects were divide…
Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis: the effect on expression of serum HBV-DNA and pre-S encoded proteins.
1988
Hepatitis B markers were studied in seven patients with reactivated liver disease. Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis, as indicated by the reappearance of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the serum, was characterised by the appearance of hepatitis B virus-DNA (HBV-DNA) in the serum. The expression of pre-S 1 encoded protein remained unchanged in five of seven patients, and poly-HSA as a marker for pre-S 2 encoded protein remained detectable in six of seven patients before and after reactivation of chronic hepatitis. The level of serum HBV-DNA correlated well with the level of liver enzymes, which rose from normal to various levels after reactivation of the liver disease. The data sugg…
Autoantibodies to human asialoglycoprotein receptor in autoimmune-type chronic hepatitis.
1990
Autoantibodies to the human asialoglycoprotein receptor (anti-h-ASGPR) were studied with a solid-phase ELISA in the sera of 421 patients with inflammatory liver diseases, 288 patients with various other disorders and 31 controls. Anti-h-ASGPR were found predominantly in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (44 of 88, 50%) and were closely related to inflammatory activity. In a subpopulation of these patients with untreated, biopsy-proven active disease or relapse, 15 of 17 were positive (88%). In contrast, only 11 of 204 patients (5.3%) with viral hepatitis were anti-h-ASGPR receptors-positive (chi 2 analysis; p less than 0.001). We also compared the occurrence of anti-h-ASGPR with antibodie…
Cyclical changes of cortical excitability and metaplasticity in migraine: evidence from a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study.
2013
The primary brain dysfunctions leading to the onset of a migraine attack remain largely unknown. Other important open questions concern the mechanisms of initiation, continuation, and termination of migraine pain, and the changes in brain function underlying migraine transformation. Brief trains of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), when applied to the primary motor cortex at suprathreshold intensity (⩾120% of resting motor threshold [RMT]), elicit in healthy subjects a progressive, glutamate-dependent facilitation of the motor evoked potentials (MEP). Conversely, in conditions of increased cortical excitability, the rTMS trains induce inhibitory MEP respons…
LKM-1 autoantibodies recognize a short linear sequence in P450IID6, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase.
1991
LKM-1 autoantibodies, which are associated with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, recognize P450IID6, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase. The reactivities of 26 LKM-1 antisera were tested with a panel of deletion mutants of P450IID6 expressed in Escherichia coli. 22 sera recognize a 33-amino acid segment of P450IID6, and 11 of these recognize a shorter segment, DPAQPPRD. PAQPPR is also found in IE175 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Antibodies for HSV-1 proteins were detected by ELISA in 17 of 20 LKM-1 sera tested. An immobilized, synthetic peptide, DPAQPPRDC, was used to purify LKM-1 antibodies. Affinity purified LKM-1 autoantibodies react on immunoblots with a protein in BHK cells…
Autoantibodies against the human asialoglycoprotein receptor: Effects of therapy in autoimmune and virus-induced chronic active hepatitis
1993
The hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) was recently identified as a target antigen for both humoral and cellular immune response in inflammatory liver diseases. Thereby anti-ASGPR autoantibodies directed against human substrate were closely associated with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The present study compares the occurrence, titer and immunoglobulin classification of anti-human(h-)-ASGPR antibodies in 23 patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune chronic hepatitis before and after initiation of immunosuppressive therapy to 22 patients with autoimmune hepatitis in remission. Additionally, 1-year follow-up examinations of 42 patients with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis and …