Search results for "Circulation"
showing 10 items of 1137 documents
Relation between high levels of myeloperoxidase in the culprit artery and microvascular obstruction, infarct size and reverse remodeling in ST-elevat…
2017
International audience; MAIN OBJECTIVE: To better understand the role of myeloperoxidases (MPO) in microvascular obstruction (MO) phenomenon and infarct size (IS) using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).METHOD: 40 consecutive patients classified according to the median level of MPO in the culprit artery. A CMR study was performed during the week following AMI and at 6 months, with late gadolinium enhancement sequences.RESULTS: Persistent MO was observed in the same proportion (50 vs. 65%, p = 0.728) between the low vs. high MPO group levels. However, the extent of the microvascular obstruction was significantly greater in the high-MPO g…
Mechanisms involved in the increased sensitivity of the rabbit basilar artery to atrial natriuretic peptide in diabetes.
2017
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a vasodilator with significant regional differences and controversial effects in the cerebral circulation, a vascular bed particularly prone to diabetes-induced complications. The present study has investigated how alloxan-induced diabetes modifies the mechanisms involved in the response of the rabbit basilar artery to ANP. ANP (10(-12) -10(-7) M) relaxed precontracted basilar arteries, with higher potency in diabetic than in control rabbits. In arteries from both groups of animals, endothelium removal reduced ANP-induced relaxations. Inhibition of NO-synthesis attenuated ANP-induced relaxation but this attenuation was lower in diabetic than in control ra…
Infant Formula Feeding Increases Hepatic Cholesterol 7α Hydroxylase (CYP7A1) Expression and Fecal Bile Acid Loss in Neonatal Piglets.
2018
BACKGROUND: During the postnatal feeding period, formula-fed infants have higher cholesterol synthesis rates and lower circulating cholesterol concentrations than their breastfed counterparts. Although this disparity has been attributed to the uniformly low dietary cholesterol content of typical infant formulas, little is known of the underlying mechanisms associated with this altered cholesterol metabolism phenotype. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the molecular etiology of diet-associated changes in early-life cholesterol metabolism with the use of a postnatal piglet feeding model. METHODS: Two-day-old male and female White-Dutch Landrace piglets were fed either sow milk (Sow group) or d…
Changes in Placental Morphology and their Association with Embryonic Skin Development
2019
Abstract Histogenesis and organogenesis in mammals normally transpires in a hypoxic environment. Oxygen diffusing capacity is dependent on diffusion distance, which may vary with the thickness of placental barrier and with the level of tissue vascularity. Since the epidermis is avascular, its development fully depends on dermal blood vessels. Despite the large number of studies focusing on uteroplacental circulation and embryogenesis, it is clear that the current knowledge of how placental changes in pregnancy contribute to skin development is incomplete. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between structural changes in the placental barrier and development of the integume…
Characterization of Hydrothermal Processing Influence on Strontium Substituted Apatite by Investigating Stable Oxygen Isotope Ratio and Antibacterial…
2018
Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) has weak antibacterial and mechanical properties. The antibacterial activity of HAp can be enhanced by strontium cation substitution and incorporation of peroxide ion via hydrothermal processing at 100 °C and 150 °C temperature using 50% H2O2 solution. The starting reagents and products of HAp processing were analyzed by thermal conversion elemental analyser – isotopic ratio mass spectrometer in order to determine the δ18O values. Using different host materials it could be possible to determine differences of δ18O values between untreated and hydrothermally treated HAp samples. The enhanced antibacterial properties of processed HAp samples were investigated us…
Collapsibility of the internal jugular veins in the lateral decubitus body position: A potential protective role of the cerebral venous outflow again…
2019
Recent research has revealed that patients with neurodegenerative disease sleep longer in the supine position, while healthy controls prefer sleeping in the lateral decubitus position. Thus, sleeping in the lateral position seems to be protective against neurodegeneration. It has also been suggested that a protective role of this body position could be associated with better cerebral venous drainage in this body position, which results in more active glymphatic system of the brain (the system responsible for clearance of the cerebral tissue from waste products, e.g. amyloid-β). Since no published evidence exists regarding venous outflow from the cranial cavity in the lateral decubitus posit…
Ischemia-reperfusion injury to coronary arteries: Comprehensive microscopic study after reperfused myocardial infarction.
2021
Abstract Background Coronary arteries supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart. We evaluated the dynamics of microscopic damage throughout the ischemia-reperfusion process in the wall of coronary arteries following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods In a swine model of reperfused MI, animals were divided into one control and four MI groups: 90-min ischemia without reperfusion, or followed by one minute, one week or one month reperfusion. Left anterior descending (LAD; infarct-related artery) and control right coronary arteries (RCA) were isolated. Taking the balloon inflation region as a reference, we isolated the proximal and distal LAD areas, performing histological staining and immunohi…
Neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of muscle contraction
2016
Background: Physical activity has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease but the same effect seems to be produced in neurological diseases. Objective: In this review, we focused on the interplay between physical activity and some neurological conditions (Stroke, dementia, epilepsy, headache, Parkinson’ s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, insomnia, depression and anxiety) with the aim of describing the potential role of physical activity in the prevention of such diseases and the physiological mechanisms involved in these processes. Results: Despite a growing body of evidence which reveals that physical activity is able to reduce the…
First-in-Human Percutaneous Circumferential Annuloplasty for Secondary Tricuspid Regurgitation
2020
Transcatheter therapies to treat tricuspid regurgitation are being developed, but few have attempted the gold standard of surgical repair: ring annuloplasty. We describe the first-ever fully percutaneous implantation of a circumferential, semirigid annuloplasty ring to treat massive secondary tricuspid regurgitation. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
COVID-19 Sepsis and Microcirculation Dysfunction
2020
The spreading of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, known as COVID-19, has caused a great number of fatalities all around the World. Up to date (2020 May 6) in Italy we had more than 28,000 deaths, while there were more than 205.000 infected. The majority of patients affected by COVID-19 complained only slight symptoms: fatigue, myalgia or cough, but more than 15% of Chinese patients progressed into severe complications, with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), needing intensive treatment. We tried to summarize data reported in the last months from several Countries, highlighting that COVID-19 was characterized by cytokine storm (CS) and endothelial dysfunction in severely ill patie…