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showing 10 items of 38174 documents

The effects of transdermal testosterone and oestrogen therapy on dry eye in postmenopausal women: a randomised, placebo-controlled, pilot study

2016

Aims Sex hormones could provide a future treatment avenue for dry eye post menopause. However, there are few well-controlled studies. This study investigates the impact of testosterone and oestrogen on dry eye symptoms and signs in postmenopausal women. Methods A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted involving 40 women with dry eye (age 63.9±5.1 years, 13.2±6.3 years post menopause). Ten women were assigned to each of four treatment groups: transdermal testosterone, oestradiol, testosterone/oestradiol combination and placebo. Assessment at baseline and after 8 weeks: ocular symptoms, tear osmolarity, tear stability, tear secretion, meibomian gland assessment, …

medicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedicine.drug_classMeibomian glandPhysiologyPilot ProjectsAdministration CutaneousPlacebo03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDehydroepiandrosterone sulfateDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineHumansMedicineTestosteroneTear secretionRetrospective Studies030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinebusiness.industryMeibomian GlandsEstrogensTestosterone (patch)Middle AgedAndrogeneye diseasesSensory SystemsPostmenopauseOphthalmologyTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryTearsAndrogens030221 ophthalmology & optometryTearsDry Eye SyndromesFemalesense organsbusinessFollow-Up StudiesHormoneBritish Journal of Ophthalmology
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The acute myotoxic effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine after continuous peripheral nerve blockades.

2003

Bupivacaine causes muscle damage. However, the myotoxic potency of ropivacaine is still unexplored. Therefore, we performed this study to compare the effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on skeletal muscle tissue in equipotent concentrations. Femoral nerve catheters were inserted into anesthetized minipigs, and 20 mL of either bupivacaine (5 mg/mL) or ropivacaine (7.5 mg/mL) was injected. Subsequently, bupivacaine (2.5 mg/mL) and ropivacaine (3.75 mg/mL) were continuously infused over 6 h. Control animals were treated with corresponding volumes of normal saline. Finally, muscle samples were dissected at injection sites. After processing and staining, histological patterns of muscle damage…

medicine.medical_specialtyTissue Fixationmedicine.drug_classSwinemedicine.medical_treatmentMyotoxinMuscle Fibers SkeletalFemoral nerveMuscular DiseasesPeripheral nervemedicineIn Situ Nick-End LabelingAnimalsEdemaRopivacainePeripheral NervesAnesthetics LocalMuscle SkeletalBupivacaineLocal anestheticbusiness.industryRopivacaineNerve BlockAmidesBupivacaineSurgeryMicroscopy ElectronAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineAnesthesiaToxicityNerve blockSwine MiniatureFemalebusinessmedicine.drugAnesthesia and analgesia
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Celiac disease and endocrine autoimmunity.

2015

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Celiac disease (CD) is a small-intestinal inflammatory disease that is triggered by the ingestion of the storage proteins (gluten) of wheat, barley and rye. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Endocrine autoimmunity is prevalent in patients with CD and their relatives. The genes that predispose to endocrine autoimmune diseases, e.g. type 1 diabetes, autoimmune thyroid diseases, and Addison's disease, i.e. DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8, are also the major genetic determinants of CD, which is the best understood HLA-linked disease. Thus, up to 30% of first-degree relatives both of patients with CD and/or endocrine autoimmunity are affect…

medicine.medical_specialtyTissue transglutaminaseAutoimmunityEndocrine SystemDiseasemedicine.disease_causeAutoantigensAutoimmunityImmune systemInternal medicinemedicineEndocrine systemHumanschemistry.chemical_classificationType 1 diabetesbiologybusiness.industryThyroidGastroenterologynutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseGlutenCeliac DiseaseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrybiology.proteinbusinessDigestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
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Antiproliferative Potential of African Medicinal Plants

2013

Increasingly, cancer is recognized as a critical public health problem in Africa. Medicinal plants constitute a good alternative treatment, considering the rich biodiversity of the continent. Scientific evidence of the antiproliferative activity of African medicinal plants is more and more common. The most prominent results reported include the cytotoxic effects of plants of the families Moraceae, Guttiferae, Fabaceae, as well as compounds of the groups of terpenoids and phenolics derived from African plants.

medicine.medical_specialtyTraditional medicinebiologyPublic healthfungiBiodiversitymedicinefood and beveragesFabaceaeMoraceaebiology.organism_classificationMedicinal plantsAlternative treatment
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Sox17 regulates liver lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting.

2014

Liver is a major regulator of lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting, a process involving PPARalpha activation. We recently showed that the Vnn1 gene is a PPARalpha target gene in liver and that release of the Vanin-1 pantetheinase in serum is a biomarker of PPARalpha activation. Here we set up a screen to identify new regulators of adaptation to fasting using the serum Vanin-1 as a marker of PPARalpha activation. Mutagenized mice were screened for low serum Vanin-1 expression. Functional interactions with PPARalpha were investigated by combining transcriptomic, biochemical and metabolic approaches. We characterized a new mutant mouse in which hepatic and serum expression of Vanin-1 is …

medicine.medical_specialtyTransgeneMutantPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorlcsh:MedicineMice TransgenicGastroenterology and HepatologyBiologyGPI-Linked ProteinsAmidohydrolasesMiceInternal medicineHMGB ProteinsMolecular Cell BiologymedicineMedicine and Health SciencesSOXF Transcription FactorsAnimalsPPAR alphalcsh:ScienceBeta oxidationchemistry.chemical_classificationMultidisciplinaryFatty liverlcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesLipid metabolismSOX9 Transcription FactorCell BiologyFastingmedicine.diseaseLipid MetabolismAdaptation Physiological3. Good healthEndocrinologychemistryPantetheinaseLiverlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)lcsh:QTranscriptomeDrug metabolismResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Suppression of Electrographic Seizures Is Associated with Amelioration of QTc Interval Prolongation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

2021

Introduction: Disorders in electroencephalography (EEG) are commonly noted in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and may be associated with electrocardiographic disturbances. Electrographic seizures (ESz) are the most common features in these patients. This study aimed to explore the relationship between ESz and possible changes in QTc interval and spatial QRS-T angle both during ESz and after ESz resolution. Methods: Adult patients with TBI were studied. Surface 12-lead ECGs were recorded using a Cardiax device during ESz events and 15 min after their effective suppression using barbiturate infusion. The ESz events were diagnosed using Masimo Root or bispectral index (BIS) devices.…

medicine.medical_specialtyTraumatic brain injurymedicine.drug_classseizureQTc intervalElectroencephalographyQT intervalArticlebrain–heart interactionInternal medicinemedicineIn patientcardiovascular diseasesCerebral oximetrymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryspatial QTS-T angletraumatic brain injuryRGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseBarbiturateBispectral indexQtc interval prolongationCardiologyMedicinebusinessJournal of clinical medicine
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Integrative transnational analysis to dissect tuberculosis transmission events along the migratory route from Africa to Europe

2021

páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablas

medicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisGenotypeDisease clusterlaw.inventionMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinelawEpidemiologyTrans-nationalMedicineCluster AnalysisHumansTuberculosisTransmission030212 general & internal medicine0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologybusiness.industryStrain (biology)transmissionGeneral MedicineMycobacterium tuberculosisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasetrans-nationalEuropeTransmission (mechanics)Horn of AfricaAfricabusinessDemography
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The physiological impact of proinsulin C-peptide

1999

Abstract The proinsulin C-peptide fulfills an important function in the biosynthesis of insulin by facilitating the formation of the correct secondary and tertiary structure of the hormone. C-peptide and insulin are released in equimolar amounts to the circulation but C-peptide has generally been considered to be biologically inert. However, recent studies indicate that C-peptide administration to type 1 diabetes patients is accompanied by improved renal function, amelioration of autonomic dysfunction, stimulated tissue glucose utilization and augmented skin and muscle blood flow. The cellular mechanisms underlying these effects may be related to C-peptide's capacity to stimulate both Na + …

medicine.medical_specialtyType 1 diabetesbiologyC-peptideInsulinmedicine.medical_treatmentATPasebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasePathology and Forensic Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologychemistryEnosPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicinebiology.proteinNa+/K+-ATPaseHormoneProinsulinPathophysiology
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Estradiol Stimulates Vasodilatory and Metabolic Pathways in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells

2009

Vascular effects of estradiol are being investigated because there are controversies among clinical and experimental studies. DNA microarrays were used to investigate global gene expression patterns in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to 1 nmol/L estradiol for 24 hours. When compared to control, 187 genes were identified as differentially expressed with 1.9-fold change threshold. Supervised principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the differences between control and estradiol-treated samples. Physiological concentrations of estradiol are sufficient to elicit significant changes in HUVEC gene expression. Notch signaling, actin cyt…

medicine.medical_specialtyUmbilical Veinsmedicine.drug_classScienceEstrogen receptorBiologyAmidohydrolasesTransforming Growth Factor beta1chemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineCluster AnalysisEstrogen Receptor betaHumansEstrogen receptor betaCell Biology/Gene ExpressionCells CulturedOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisRegulation of gene expressionPrincipal Component AnalysisMultidisciplinaryEstradiolPhysiology/EndocrinologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression ProfilingQPhysiology/Cardiovascular Physiology and CirculationREstrogen Receptor alphaEndothelial CellsReproducibility of ResultsActin cytoskeletonVasodilationEndocrinologychemistryGene Expression RegulationEstrogenCyclooxygenase 1MedicineSignal transductionAsymmetric dimethylarginineEstrogen receptor alphahormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsMetabolic Networks and PathwaysResearch ArticleSignal TransductionPLoS ONE
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The incidence of hip fractures in Norway –accuracy of the national Norwegian patient registry

2014

Background Hip fractures incur the greatest medical costs of any fracture. Valid epidemiological data are important to monitor for time-dependent changes. In Norway, hip fractures are registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR), but no published national validation exists. The aim of the present study was a national validation of NPR as a register for hip fractures using diagnostic codes (ICD-10 S 72.0-2) and/or procedure codes (NOMESCO version 1.14 NFBxy (x = 0-9, y = 0-2) or NFJxy (x = 0-9, y = 0-2). Method A nationwide, population-based cohort comprising a random sub-sample of 1,000 hip fracture-related entries for the years 2008–09 was drawn from the NPR. 200 entries were defined…

medicine.medical_specialtyVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Orthopedic surgery: 784EpidemiologyPopulationNorwegianHip fractureDatabaseCohort StudiesRheumatologyInternational Classification of DiseasesEpidemiologyMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRegistrieseducationeducation.field_of_studyHip fracturebusiness.industryHip FracturesNorwayIncidence (epidemiology)Incidencemedicine.diseaselanguage.human_languageValidation studiesPopulation SurveillanceCohortlanguagePhysical therapyDiagnosis codebusinessCohort studyBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
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