Search results for "Class"

The role of in situ species diversification for the evolution of high vascular plant species diversity in the European Alps—A review and interpretati…

2017

Abstract By harbouring ca. 3500 native vascular plant species in an area of ca. 170 000 km2, the European Alps represent a region of very high species diversity. Using the most recently published flora of the area and phylogenetic literature, I here review which proportion of the endemic flora of the Alps is the result of in situ diversification, i.e., of diversification in the area and (largely) restricted to the area. There exist only very few and mostly species-poor species diversifications in the Alps, accounting for ca. 1.2% of the native and for ca. 9% of the endemic flora of the Alps. In contrast to this, ca. 33% of the endemic species of the Alps belong to lineages widespread in the…

Amorphous Polyphosphate and Ca‐Carbonate Nanoparticles Improve the Self‐Healing Properties of both Technical and Medical Cements

2020

Cement is used both as a construction material and for medical applications. Previously, it has been shown that the physiological polymer inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is morphogenetically active in regeneration of skin, bone, and cartilage. The present study investigates the question if this polymer is also a suitable additive to improve the self-healing capacity not only of construction cement but also of inorganic bone void fillers. For the application in the cement, two different polyP-based amorphous nanoparticles (NP) are prepared, amorphous Ca-polyP NP and amorphous Ca-carbonate (ACC) NP. The particles are integrated into poly(methyl methacrylate) in a concentration ratio of 1:10. …

Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Autoimmune Diseases

2018

Since the discovery of HLA 60 years ago, it has contributed to the understanding of the immune system as well as of the pathogenesis of several diseases. Aside from its essential role in determining donor-recipient immune compatibility in organ transplantation, HLA genotyping is meanwhile performed routinely as part of the diagnostic work-up of certain autoimmune diseases. Considering the ability of HLA to influence thymic selection as well as peripheral anergy of T cells, its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity is understandable. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behçet's disea…

Clinical reasoning and critical reflection in physiotherapists’ examinations of patients with low back pain in its early phase : a qualitative study …

2017

Aim: The aim of this study was to deepen the current understanding of physiotherapists’ decision-making process and more specifically, to investigate their reflections on their clinical reasoning when examining low back pain patients. Method: Data were collected in interviews with six physiotherapists, were the stimulated recall method was used. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed and then analysed by content analysis. Results: Physiotherapists critically analysed and reflected their choices and decisions in clinical reasoning with patient’s symptoms, onset of pain, clinical test choices and results. They stopped to consider the adequacy of tests for drawing conclusions and their…

HLA Class II Differentiates Between Thyroid and Polyglandular Autoimmunity.

2015

The HLA class II genes are susceptibility genes for autoimmune endocrine diseases; however, scarce data are available pertaining to the determinants of genetic susceptibility to polyglandular autoimmunity (PGA). A total of 300 consecutive and unselected patients with either PGA or monoglandular autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and 100 healthy control subjects were genotyped for the HLA class II DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 alleles. Compared to patients with AITD and controls, the HLA-DRB1*03 (pc =0.001), *04 (pc<0.001), -DQA1*03 (pc<0.001), and -DQB1*02 (pc =0.001) alleles were increased in patients with PGA. When dividing patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) into those with PGA (PGA-HT) v…

Analysis of HLA-DRB1,DQA1,DQB1 haplotypes in Sardinian centenarians

2008

Some genetic determinants of longevity might reside in those polymorphisms for the immune system genes that regulate immune responses. Many longevity association studies focused their attention on HLA (the human MHC) polymorphisms, but discordant results have been obtained. Sardinians are a relatively isolate population and represent a suitable population for association studies. Some HLA-DR and DQ alleles form very stable haplotypes with a strong linkage disequilibrium. In a previous study on Sardinian centenarians we have suggested that HLA-DRB1 *15 allele might be marginally associated to longevity. HLA-DR,DQ haplotypes are in strong linkage disequilibrium and well conserved playing a ro…

2020

The biological anakinra appears promising to halt cytokine storm syndrome seen in severe courses of COVID-19. However, immunosuppression with anakinra may facilitate sepsis, necessitating continuous screening for bacterial superinfections.

Phenotypic spectrum and genomics of undiagnosed arthrogryposis multiplex congenital

2022

BackgroundArthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is characterised by congenital joint contractures in two or more body areas. AMC exhibits wide phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Our goals were to improve the genetic diagnosis rates of AMC, to evaluate the added value of whole exome sequencing (WES) compared with targeted exome sequencing (TES) and to identify new genes in 315 unrelated undiagnosed AMC families.MethodsSeveral genomic approaches were used including genetic mapping of disease loci in multiplex or consanguineous families, TES then WES. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify or validate variants.ResultsWe achieved disease gene identification in 52.7% of AMC index pati…

FRI0194 Is There an Association Between Spondyloarthritis and Antibodies Towards Borrelia, Ehrlichia and Chlamydia Species?

2015

Background Several studies suggested that certain microorganisms might contribute to initiation and perpetuation of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Objectives To investigate IgG and IgM antibodies towards Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), Borrelia garinii (Bg), Borrelia afzelii (Ba), Ehrlichia spp. (Ehr), Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), and Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cp) in SpA patients, low back pain patients, and healthy subjects and to elucidate whether previous infections could play a role in the onset of SpA. Methods Data collection was based on persons aged 18-40 years referred with low back pain for ≥3 months. They were examined with MRI of the spine and sacroiliac joints, CRP, HLA-B27, and clinical SpA fe…

Bacteria-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells: a missing link in the pathogenesis of the HLA-B27-associated spondylarthropathies.

1994

The term seronegative spondylarthropathies is used for an entity of rheumatic syndromes of peripheral joints and the spine (ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, arthritis in psoriasis and in inflammatory bowel disease) which are strongly associated with the MHC class I molecule HLA-B27. However, the mechanisms whereby HLA-B27 confers disease susceptibility have so far remained unknown. There is strong evidence that gut inflammation and infection with gram-negative bacteria play a role in the induction of B27-associated disease. HLA-B27, like other MHC class I molecules, physiologically binds antigenic peptides in its binding groove and presents them to CD8+ T lymph…